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NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography - Major Landforms of the Earth
Ques 1. Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What are the major landforms?
The major landforms of the earth are Mountains, Plateaus and Plains.
Mountains, Plateaus and Plains
(b) What is the difference between a mountain and a plateau?
(c) What are the different types of mountains?
The different types of mountains are fold, block and volcanic.
(d) How are mountains useful to man?
Mountains useful to man in the following ways:
- Mountains are a storehouse of water. Many rivers have their source in the glaciers in the mountains. Water from the mountains is also used for irrigation and the generation of hydroelectricity.
- They have a rich variety of flora and fauna.
- The forests provide fuel, fodder, shelter and other products like gum, raisins, etc.
- Mountains provide an idyllic site for tourists.
- Several sports like paragliding, hang gliding, river rafting and skiing are popular in the mountains.
(e) How are plains formed?
Most of the plains are formed by rivers and their tributaries. The rivers flow down the slopes of mountains and erode them. They carry forward the eroded material. Then they deposit their load consisting of stones, sand and silt along with their courses and in their valleys. It is from these deposits that plains are formed.
(f) Why are the river plains thickly populated?
The river plains thickly populated as more flat land is available for building houses, as well as for cultivation.
(g) Why are mountains thinly populated?
The mountains are thinly populated because of the harsh climate. Also, the slopes are steep, less land is available for farming.
Ques 2. Tick the correct answers.
(a) The mountains differ from the hills in terms of
(i) elevation
(ii) slope
(iii) aspect
elevation
(b) Glaciers are found in
(i) the mountains
(ii) the plains
(iii) the plateaus
the mountains
(c) The Deccan Plateau is located in
(i) Kenya
(ii) Australia
(iii) India
India
(d) The river Yangtze flows in
(i) South America
(ii) Australia
(iii) China
China
(e) An important mountain range in Europe is
(i) the Andes
(ii) the Alps
(iii) the Rockies
the Alps
Ques 3. Fill in the blanks.
1. A ____ is an unbroken flat or a low-level land.
plain
2. The Himalayas and the Alps are examples of ____types of mountains.
fold
3. ___ areas are rich in mineral deposits.
Plateau
4. The ____ is a line of mountains.
range
5. The ____areas are most productive for farming.
plain
Map Skills
On an outline map of the world, mark the following :
(a) Mountain ranges: Himalayas, Rockies, and Andes.
(b) Plateau: Tibet.
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FAQs on NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography - Major Landforms of the Earth
| 1. What are the major landforms of the Earth? |  |
Ans. The major landforms of the Earth include mountains, plateaus, plains, hills, and valleys. Mountains are elevated landforms with steep slopes and peaks, plateaus are elevated flat areas, plains are low-lying flatlands, hills are rounded elevations, and valleys are low-lying areas between mountains or hills.
| 2. How are mountains formed? | |
Ans. Mountains are formed through tectonic activity, primarily by the collision of tectonic plates. When two plates converge, one plate is forced beneath the other, leading to the formation of mountains. This process is known as subduction. Additionally, mountains can also be formed by volcanic activity and erosion.
| 3. What are the characteristics of plateaus? | |
Ans. Plateaus are characterized by their elevated and flat surface. They are usually surrounded by steep slopes or cliffs called escarpments. Plateaus can be formed by various geological processes, such as volcanic activity, tectonic uplift, or erosion. They often have a more arid climate compared to the surrounding lowlands.
| 4. How do valleys form? | |
Ans. Valleys are formed through various geological processes. One common way is through erosion caused by rivers. As rivers flow, they gradually erode the land, creating a V-shaped valley. Glaciers can also carve out U-shaped valleys through the process of glaciation. Valleys can also be formed by tectonic activity, such as the uplifting and folding of the Earth's crust.
| 5. What are the characteristics of plains? | |
Ans. Plains are low-lying flatlands characterized by their relatively flat and gently sloping terrain. They are usually formed by the deposition of sediment over a long period of time. Plains can be found near coastlines, along river valleys, or at the base of mountains. They are often fertile and suitable for agriculture due to the accumulation of nutrient-rich sediments.
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