Sports for CWSN (Children With Special Needs) and normal children are equally important. Every child needs to participate in sports and games for proper growth and development. Many children with disabilities do not have equal access to health care, education, and employment opportunities. Nowadays, sports for disabled children are organized officially. Physical education and sports provide ample opportunities for disabled children to lead a fruitful and energetic life.
The Special Olympics was founded by Eunice Kennedy Shriver in 1968. The mission of the Special Olympics is to provide year-round sports training and athletic competition in a variety of Olympic-type sports for children and adults with intellectual disabilities. Intellectual Disability (or ID) is a term used when a person has certain limitations in cognitive functioning and skills, including communication, social, and self-care skills.
According to the American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, an individual has an intellectual disability if they fall under the following category:
IQ is below 70-75
Special Olympics allow people to change their attitudes and support athletes. A total of 1,258 Special Olympics Bharat athletes participated in nine World Summer Games and six World Winter Games between 1987 and 2019. The oath of Special Olympics Bharat is "Let me win. But if I cannot win, let me brave in the attempt." Today, the Special Olympics supports over 5 million athletes, 1 million coaches and volunteers, over one lakh (100,000) tournaments each year, and 32 Olympic-type sports through various programs in more than 170 countries.
The Deaflympics (previously called World Games for the Deaf and International Games for the Deaf) are an IOC-recognized event. The motto of Deaflympics is ‘PER LUDOS AEQUALITAS’ (Equality through sport).
In the world of sports, classification and divisioning play a vital role in ensuring fair and competitive participation for athletes of all abilities.
Classification refers to the process of grouping athletes based on their functional abilities, impairments, or characteristics, rather than their skill level. This ensures that individuals with similar conditions compete against each other, creating a level playing field.
Divisioning involves categorizing athletes into specific divisions or classes based on their classification. This ensures that competitions are structured in a way that accommodates various levels of abilities. For example, in Paralympic sports, athletes are classified according to their impairment, such as physical, visual, or intellectual, and placed into relevant divisions.
Inclusion in sports refers to the practice of creating an environment where everyone, regardless of their abilities, gender, race, or background, can participate and feel welcome. This concept is essential to ensure that all individuals have equal opportunities to engage in sports and experience the numerous physical, emotional, and social benefits that come with it.
We need to plan activities keeping in mind the interests and abilities of these children. Over a period of time, we have developed special programs labeled “Adapted Physical Education” (APE). APE is physical education that is individualized and specially designed to address the needs of students with disabilities who require adaptations or modifications to be physically active, participate safely, and make progress.
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1. What are some organizations that promote disability sports? |
2. What is the concept of classification and divisioning in sports for individuals with disabilities? |
3. Why is the concept of inclusion important in sports for children with special needs? |
4. What are the advantages of physical activities for children with special needs? |
5. What are some strategies to make physical activities accessible for children with special needs? |
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