Q. 1. Supriya’s grandmother who was unwell, called her and gave her a gift packet. Supriya opened the packet and saw many crumpled share certificates inside. Her grandmother told her that they had been left behind by her late grandfather.
As no trading is now done in physical form, Supriya wants to know the process by adopting which she is in a position to deal with these certificates.
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Q. 2. The directors of a company want to modernize its plant and machinery by making a public issue of shares. They wish to approach the stock exchange, while the finance manager prefers to approach a consultant for the new public issue of shares. Advise the directors whether to approach the stock exchange or a consultant for new public issue of shares and why. Also advise them about different methods which the company may adopt for the new public issue of shares. (3 Marks)
Ans. The directors should approach to the consultant for new public issue of shares as this is the case of primary market. The stock exchange is only meant for securities already issued.
Following are the methods which the company may adopt for the new public issue of shares:
Q. 3. Reshu’s father has gifted her shares of a large cement company, with which he had been working. The securities were in physical form. She already has a bank account and does not possess any other forms of securities.
She wished to sell the shares and approached a registered broker for the purpose. Mention one mandatory detail which she will have to provide with the broker. (1 Mark)
Ans. Permanent account Number (PAN)
Q. 4. Saqib Ltd. is a large credit worthy company operating in the Kashmir Valley. It is an export oriented unit, dealing in exclusive embroidered shawls. The floods in the valley have created many problems for the company. Many craftsmen and workers have been dislocated and raw material has been destroyed. The firm is therefore, unable to get an uninterrupted supply or raw material, and the duration of the production cycle has also increased. To add to the problems of the organization, the suppliers of raw material who were earlier selling on credit are asking the company, for advance payment or cash payment on delivery. The company is facing a liquidity crisis. The CEO of the company feels that taking a bank loan is the only option with the company to meet its short term shortage of cash. As a finance manager of the company name and explain the alternative to bank borrowing that the company can use to resolve the crisis. (3 Marks)
Ans. Commercial Paper: It is a short term unsecured promissory note, negotiable and transferable by endorsement and delivery with a fixed maturity period. It is issued by large and creditworthy companies to raise short term funds at low companies tht are generally considered to be financially strong.
Q. 5. ‘Ganesh Steel Ltd.’ is a large and credit-worthy company manufacturing steel for the Indian market. It now wants to cate to the Asian market and decides to invest in new hi-tech machines. Since the investment is large, it requires long-term finance. It decides to raise funds by issuing equity shares.
The issue of equity shares involves huge floatation cost. To meet the expenses of floatation cost the company decides to tap the money market.
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Q. 6. The Trading Procedure on Stock Exchange has been replaced by on-line screen based electronic trading system. This is mainly done to eliminate problems like theft, fake/forged transfers, transfer delays and paper work associated with share certificates or debentures in physical form. This is a process where securities held by the investor in the physical form are cancelled and the investor is given an electronic entry or number so that he/she can hold it as an electronic balance in an account. This has increased the equity cult among the people.
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Q. 7. Sakshi Ltd, a well known real estate company has managed to carve a niche for itself in this sector. Recently, it was revealed that the directors of the company have used price sensitive information for their own personal interest Adequate public disclosures were also not made. SEBI is considering action against these directors.
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Q. 8. ‘R’ Limited is a real estate company which was formed in 1950. In about 56 years of its existence the company has managed out from a niche for itself in this sector. Lately this sector is witnessing a boom due to the fact that the Indian economy is on the rise. The income of middle class are rising. More people can afford to buy homes for themselves due to easy availability of loans and accompanying tax concession.
To expand its business in India and abroad the company is weighing various options to raise money through equity offerings in India. Whether to tap equity or debt market whether to raise money from domestic market or international market or combination of both
Whether to raise the necessary finance from money market or capital market. It is also planning to list itself in New York Stock Exchange to raise money through ADR.
To make its offering attractive it is planning to offer lots of financial plans, products to its stakeholders and investors and also explain its listing at NSE after complying with the regulations of SEBI.
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Q. 9. A company require Rs. 2 crore for inventory, payment of wages, salaries, maintaining bank balance, etc.
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Q. 10. Few years ago, there were many malpractices, unfair trade practices and frauds and scams were taking place in stock Exchange. All these affected investor’s confidence, faith and trust in Stock Exchange. The Government of India decided to set up a separate body for this purpose who was given control of stock exchange. This separated ownership and control of stock exchange.
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Q. 11. Mr. Vikas Mehra was the Chairman of IBM Bank. The bank was earning good profits. Shareholders were happy as the bank was paying regular dividends. The market price of their shares was also steadily rising. The bank was about to announce the taking over of ‘UK Bank’. Mr. Vikas Mehra knew that the share price of IBM Bank would rise on this announcement. Being a part of the bank, he was not allowed to buy shares of the bank. He called one of his rich friends Mukand and asked him to invest Rs. 4 crores in the shares of his bank promising him the capital gains.
As expected, after the announcement, the share prices went up by 50% and the market price of Mukand’s shares was now Rs. 6 crores. Mukand earned a profit of Rs. 2 crores. He gave Rs. 1 crore to Vikas Mehra and kept Rs. 1 crore with him. On regular inspection and by conducting enquiries of the brokers involved, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was able to detect this irregularity. SEBI imposed a heavy penalty o Vikas Mehra.
Quoting lines from the above paragraph, identify and state any two functions performed by the SEBI in the above case.
Ans. The two functions performed by SEBI in the given case are stated below:
Q. 12. Mission Coach Ltd. is a large creditworthy company that manufactures coaches for the Indian Railways. It now wants to export these coaches to other countries and decides to invest in new hi-tech machines. Since the investment is large, it requires long-term finance. It decides to raise funds by issuing equity shares. The issue of equity shares involves huge floatation cost. To meet the expenses of floatation cost, the company decides to tap the money market.
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Q. 13. Incorporated in 1990. Raju Dairy Ltd., is one of the leading manufacturers and marketers of dairy-based branded foods in India. In the initial years, its operations were restricted only to collection and distribution of milk. But, over the years it has gained a reasonable market share by offering a diverse range of dairy based products including fresh milk, flavoured yogurt, ice creams, butter milk, cheese, ghee, milk powders etc. in order to raise capital to finance its expansion plans. Raju Dairy Ltd. has decided to approach capital market through a mix of Offer for sale of Rs. 4 crore shares and a public issue of Rs. 2 crore shares.
In context of the above case:
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Q. 14. Harsh works as a manager in a software company. He opened a Demat account with a broking house in order to trade in securities with the money he received as his first performance bonus. Since then he has been very active in stock trading under the guidance of a stock broker. However, ,when he was hospitalized for a few days this year, his wife received several calls from the his stock broker for permission to transact on Harsh’s behalf. Though she told him to wait till her husband had recovered, the stock broker went ahead and executed the transactions. When Harsh got home from hospital, he discovered that the unauthorized transactions had led to a loss for him.
Harsh complained to the broking house, but they claimed he had authorized the transactions. Keeping in new, the guidelines issued by the National Stock Exchange that he had read in the national newspaper Harsh demanded proof and threatened to file a complain. Since, the broking house had no evidence that the deals had been authorized they made good the loss that Harsh had incurred due to the transaction.
In the context of the above case?
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Q. 15. Ketan won a cash prize of Rs. 20,000 in the National level Robotics Competition. On the advise of his father, he visits a nearby bank to open a Fixed deposit account in his name with the prize money. His sister Suhasini accompanied him to the bank. On reaching the bank, he notice big banners which are placed within the premises containing information about the various arrangements through which corporates may raise their capital through the bank. Being a finance graduate, Suhasini explains to Ketan that banks play the role of the financial intermediary by helping in the process of channelizing the savings of the households into the most profitable business ventures.
In context of the above case:
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Q. 16. Ragu works as a waiter in a five star hotel in Mumbai. While serving the customer he overhears him at the table saying that the he has made profits higher than expected by investing in securities market. So, Ragu also decides to make a nominal investment from his savings in the stock market in pursuit of higher gains.
In context of the above case:
As a financial consultant, apprise him of the steps involved in the working of a Demat system.
Ans. Ragu will have to initiate the following steps for trading through a Demat system:
Q.17. Sumita is a professor in a reputed business institute. While explaining the procedure of stock exchange trading, she shared with her students that many years back she had bought 200 shares of a leading automobiles company. As per the settlement procedure she paid for the shares and received the share certificates in physical form. However, when she had sent those certificates to the company to get them endorsed in her name, she was informed by the company that those certificates were duplicate.
Therefore, in order to protect the investors from many such malpractices, now only screen – based trading is done and dematerialization is compulsory.
In context of the above case:
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Q. 18. Madhav’s is one of the India’s most trusted brands in Indian sweets and snacks segment. The company has manufacturing plants in Kota, Kanpur, New Delhi, and Mumbai. Madhav’s has its own retail chain stores and a range of restaurants in these cities. Now, the company plans to extend its business in 12 more cities in India. In order to raise the funds, its directors have decided to float a public issue through prospectus. Besides, it intends to raise money to meet the floatation cost in terms of brokerage, underwriting commission, advertising etc.
In context of the above case:
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Q. 19. During navratras, Varun finalizes a deal to buy a new house. So, he visits a nearby branch of ‘Subh Bank’ top withdraw Rs. 10 lakhs from his account in order to pay the token money to the seller. In the bank he observes that a large number of customers are present to make cash with drawls, probably because it is an auspicious time to make purchases. After sometime, he overhears one of the bank staff members telling his colleague that, “Today ‘Shubh Bank’ is likely to fall short of cash and to make up for the deficit and maintain its cash reserve ratio it will have to approach another bank.”
In context of the above case:
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