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Fundamental Duties
Chapter -7
Part –IVA consists of Article 51A on FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
The original constitution did not contain the Fundamental Duties. These were added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee. Like the Directive Principles, these are non-justiciable, there is no legal sanction against their violation.
Article 51A
Fundamental duties —
The constitution states that it shall be the duty of every citizen of India—
- to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem;
- to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;
- to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;
- to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;
- to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;
- to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
- to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures;
- to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform;
- to safeguard public property and to abjure violence;
- to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
To provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years (this was added by 86th Amendment act, 2002).
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FAQs on Fundamental Duties - Polity and constitution, UPSC, IAS. - Polity and Constitution (Prelims) by IAS Masters
| 1. What are Fundamental Duties in the context of Polity and Constitution? |  |
Ans. Fundamental Duties are a set of moral obligations and responsibilities that are enshrined in the Indian Constitution under Article 51A. These duties are meant to promote a sense of patriotism, social harmony, and respect for the country's heritage and values.
| 2. How many Fundamental Duties are there in the Indian Constitution? | |
Ans. There are a total of 11 Fundamental Duties mentioned in the Indian Constitution. These duties were added through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act in 1976.
| 3. Can Fundamental Duties be enforced by law? | |
Ans. No, Fundamental Duties cannot be enforced by law. Unlike Fundamental Rights, which can be protected and enforced through the judiciary, Fundamental Duties are non-justiciable. However, it is the duty of the State to promote and create awareness about these duties among citizens.
| 4. What is the significance of Fundamental Duties in the context of the UPSC and IAS exams? | |
Ans. Fundamental Duties hold significant importance in the UPSC and IAS exams as they reflect a candidate's understanding of the ethical and moral responsibilities towards the nation. Questions related to Fundamental Duties can be asked in the General Studies paper, particularly in the Indian Polity and Governance section.
| 5. Are Fundamental Duties applicable only to citizens or also to non-citizens in India? | |
Ans. Fundamental Duties are applicable only to citizens of India. Non-citizens, including foreign nationals residing in India, are not bound by these duties. However, they are expected to follow the laws of the land and respect the Indian Constitution.
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