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Glossary and Important Information

1.      Climate : Sum total of weather conditions and variations over a large area for a long period of time. The regular pattern of weather conditions of particular place.

2.      Weather : It refers to the state of the atmosphere over an area at any point of time.

3.      Range of temperature : Difference between the maximum & minimum recorded temperature.

4.      Precipitation : The water that falls to the earth from the atmosphere in the form of rain, snow hail, dew etc.

5.      Jetstream : The fast blowing air current in the upper level of atmosphere.

6.      Monsoon : Monsoon refers to the seasonal reversal in the wind directions throughout the year.

7.      Loo : It is a local wind which blows during the hot season in north India.

8.      Cylone : An area of low pressure.

9.      Tropical climate : A relatively high temperature almost throughout the year and predominantly dry winter.

10.    October heat  : It is the conditions of high temperature and humidity due to which the weather becomes oppressive.

11.    Extreme climate : The climate in which the summer ins extremely hot and winter is quite cold.

12.    Trade winds : Trade winds are those which blow steady in the same direction and on the same course.

13.    Western Disturbance : Shallow cyclonic depression originating over the mediterranean sea and disturbing fineweather conditions in north western parts of India.

14.    Windward side : The side of the mountain where moisture winds strike and bring heavy rain.

15.    Leeward side : The side of the mountain which receives less rainfall.

16.    Rain shadow : The rainless area on the leeward side.

17.    Break or Brust of Monsoon : The sudden approach of the moisture ladenwinds which are associate with violent thunder the lighting.

18.    Catchment areas : The area from which the river derives its water from the hills.

19.    Equable climate : It is one which is neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter. typhoon - violently revolving storm.

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FAQs on Glossary and Important Information - Climate - Social Studies (SST) Class 9

1. What is climate and how is it different from weather?
Ans. Climate refers to the long-term average weather conditions in a particular region, including temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind patterns, etc. It is different from weather, which refers to the short-term variations in atmospheric conditions. While weather can change daily or even hourly, climate represents the overall patterns and trends observed over a longer period of time.
2. How is climate change affecting our planet?
Ans. Climate change has significant impacts on our planet. It leads to rising global temperatures, melting of polar ice caps and glaciers, sea-level rise, extreme weather events such as hurricanes and droughts, changes in precipitation patterns, and shifts in ecosystems. These changes can have detrimental effects on human health, agriculture, biodiversity, and overall environmental balance.
3. What causes climate change?
Ans. Climate change is primarily caused by the increase in greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, in the Earth's atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, leading to the greenhouse effect and the warming of the planet. Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes, are the main contributors to the increase in greenhouse gas emissions.
4. How can we mitigate climate change?
Ans. Mitigating climate change requires collective efforts from individuals, communities, governments, and industries. Some actions include reducing greenhouse gas emissions by transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, promoting sustainable transportation, practicing responsible land use, conserving water resources, and adopting sustainable farming practices. Additionally, raising awareness, supporting climate policies, and investing in research and development of clean technologies are also crucial in mitigating climate change.
5. What are some of the potential solutions to adapt to climate change?
Ans. Adapting to climate change involves implementing strategies to cope with the impacts and enhance resilience. Some potential solutions include developing climate-resilient infrastructure, improving early warning systems for extreme weather events, implementing sustainable water management practices, adopting climate-smart agriculture techniques, promoting ecosystem conservation and restoration, and incorporating climate change considerations into urban planning. It is important to prioritize adaptation measures to protect vulnerable communities and ecosystems from the adverse effects of climate change.
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