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BORN HABER CYCLE
Ionisation Energy: The minimum amount of energy required to remove one electron form the outermost shell of an isolated gaseous atom is called ionization energy of the element.

Electron affinity: Amount of energy released when an extra electron is added to an isolated gaseous atom.

Lattice Energy: Amount of energy released when 1 mole of gaseous cation and 1 mole gaseous anion combine to each other and form 1 mole of ionic compound is called lattice energy.
Na (g) + Cl-(g) → NaCl(s) + heat
                             (Lattice energy)

Born Haber Cycle | Physical Chemistry for NEET

Question for Born Haber Cycle
Try yourself:
Which of the following terms represents the energy released when an extra electron is added to an isolated gaseous atom?
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Example: Calculate the standard enthalpy change for a reaction CO2(g) + H2(g) → CO(g) +H2O (g) given that ΔHf0 for CO2(g), CO(g) and H2O(g) as -393.5, -110.5 and -241.8 KJ/mol respectively.
(a) -31.2 KJ 
(b) - 21.2 KJ 
(c) -11.2 KJ 
(d) 41.2KJ
Ans. (d)
Solution.
ΔHº= SΔHfº(products) - SΔHfº(Reactants)

Born Haber Cycle | Physical Chemistry for NEET
ΔHº = [-241.8 - 110.5] - [-393.5 0]
= - 352.3 393.5 = 41.2 KJ

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FAQs on Born Haber Cycle - Physical Chemistry for NEET

1. What is a Born-Haber cycle?
Ans. A Born-Haber cycle is a series of hypothetical steps used to calculate the lattice energy of an ionic compound. It involves various thermodynamic principles and Hess's law to determine the enthalpy change during the formation of the compound from its constituent elements.
2. How is a Born-Haber cycle useful in determining lattice energy?
Ans. A Born-Haber cycle allows us to calculate the lattice energy of an ionic compound indirectly by combining different known enthalpy changes. By considering the enthalpy changes involved in sublimation, ionization, electron affinity, and formation of the compound, we can determine the lattice energy.
3. What are the key steps involved in a Born-Haber cycle?
Ans. The key steps in a Born-Haber cycle include: 1. Sublimation of the metal to form gaseous atoms. 2. Ionization of the metal to form gaseous cations. 3. Dissociation of the non-metal to form gaseous atoms. 4. Electron affinity of the non-metal to form gaseous anions. 5. Formation of the ionic compound from the gaseous ions. 6. Calculation of the lattice energy using Hess's law.
4. How does a Born-Haber cycle relate to the stability of an ionic compound?
Ans. The lattice energy calculated through a Born-Haber cycle is directly related to the stability of an ionic compound. Higher lattice energy indicates stronger ionic bonds and greater stability. A compound with a higher lattice energy requires more energy to break the ionic bonds, making it more stable.
5. What are the limitations of the Born-Haber cycle?
Ans. The Born-Haber cycle assumes ideal conditions and neglects certain factors that can affect the accuracy of the calculations. Some limitations include: 1. It assumes perfect ionic bonding, which may not be the case for all compounds. 2. It neglects any covalent character in the compound's bonding. 3. It assumes all enthalpy changes are independent of each other, which may not always be true. 4. It does not account for any non-ideal behavior, such as deviations from ideal gas behavior during measurements.
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