NEET Exam > NEET Notes > Organic Chemistry for NEET > Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG
Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG | Organic Chemistry for NEET PDF Download
Petroleum
It is a dark coloured oily liquid with an offensive odour, found at various depths in many regions below the earth’s surface. It is also called rock oil, mineral oil or crude oil. It is covered by an atmosphere of a gaseous mixture known as natural gas.
It contains mainly alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen compounds.
When subjected to fractional distillation, it gives different fractions at different temperatures.
LPG (Liquified Petroleum gas):
It is a mixture of butane and isobutane with a small amount of propane. A strong foul smelling substance, called ethyl mercaptan (C2H5SH) is added to LPG cylinders, to help in the detection of gas leakage.
CNG (Compressed Natural Gas):
It consists mainly of methane (95%), which is a relatively unreactive hydrocarbon and makes its nearly complete combustion possible.
Artificial Methods for Manufacturing Petrol:
From higher alkanes, petrol or gasoline is obtained by cracking or pyrolysis.
From coal, petrol can be synthesised by following two processes :
(i) Bergius process:
(ii) Fischer- Tropsch process:
The best catalyst for this process is a mixture of CO, thoria, magnesia and kieselguhr.
The overall yield in this process is slightly higher than Bergius process.
Octane Number:
The quality of petrol is expressed in terms of octane number which is defined as the percentage of iso-octane by volume in a mixture of iso-octane and n-heptane which has the same antiknock properties as the fuel under test.
The octane number is 100 for iso-octane (2, 2, 4-trimethylpentane)
Natural gas has octane number 130.
TEL (tetraethyl lead) is used as antiknocking compound.
Octane number is increased by isomerisation, alkylation or aromatization.
Cetane Number:
Quality of diesel oils is measured in terms of cetane number which is defined as the percentage of cetane (hexadecane) by volume in a mixture of cetane and a-methyl naphthalene which has the same ignition property as fuel oil under similar experimental conditions.
It is 100 for cetane and 0 for α – methyl naphthalene.
The document Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG | Organic Chemistry for NEET is a part of the NEET Course Organic Chemistry for NEET.
All you need of NEET at this link: NEET
|
52 videos|128 docs|138 tests
|
FAQs on Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG - Organic Chemistry for NEET
| 1. What is the difference between petroleum, LPG, and CNG? |  |
Ans. Petroleum, also known as crude oil, is a naturally occurring liquid found beneath the Earth's surface and is a major source of various fuels and petrochemicals. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a flammable hydrocarbon gas that is derived from petroleum and primarily used as fuel for heating and cooking. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), on the other hand, is a natural gas that is compressed to a higher pressure and used as a fuel for vehicles.
| 2. How is petroleum refined into different products? | |
Ans. Petroleum refining involves a complex process called fractional distillation, where crude oil is heated and separated into various components based on their boiling points. These components include gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, heating oil, and other petrochemicals. Each component is further processed through additional refining processes to obtain the desired products.
| 3. What are the main uses of LPG? | |
Ans. LPG has a wide range of uses. It is commonly used as a fuel for cooking and heating in residential, commercial, and industrial settings. LPG is also used as a propellant in aerosol products, a refrigerant, and as an alternative fuel for vehicles. Additionally, LPG is utilized in the production of petrochemicals and as a feedstock for various chemical processes.
| 4. How does CNG compare to gasoline as a fuel for vehicles? | |
Ans. CNG is considered a cleaner fuel compared to gasoline as it emits lower levels of pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. It also has a higher octane rating, which can result in improved engine performance. However, CNG requires specialized vehicles and refueling infrastructure, limiting its widespread adoption compared to gasoline.
| 5. What are the environmental benefits of utilizing LPG and CNG? | |
Ans. The use of LPG and CNG as fuels can lead to several environmental benefits. Both fuels produce fewer greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional fuels like gasoline and diesel, contributing to lower levels of air pollution and reduced carbon footprint. Furthermore, the combustion of LPG and CNG produces fewer harmful pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide and particulate matter, resulting in improved air quality.
About this Document
|
4.66/5 Rating |
|
Nov 22, 2024 Last updated |
Document Description: Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG for NEET 2024 is part of Organic Chemistry for NEET preparation.
The notes and questions for Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. Information about Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG covers topics
like and Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG Example, for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG.
Introduction of Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG in English is available as part of our Organic Chemistry for NEET
for NEET & Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG in Hindi for Organic Chemistry for NEET course.
Download more important topics related with notes, lectures and mock test series for NEET
Exam by signing up for free. NEET: Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG | Organic Chemistry for NEET
Description
Full syllabus notes, lecture & questions for Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG | Organic Chemistry for NEET - NEET | Plus excerises question with solution to help you revise complete syllabus for Organic Chemistry for NEET | Best notes, free PDF download
Information about Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG
In this doc you can find the meaning of Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides explaining types of
Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG tests, examples and also practice NEET
tests
|
Explore Courses for NEET exam
|
|
Signup for Free!
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days! Learn & Practice with 1000+ FREE Notes, Videos & Tests.
Related Searches
Summary
,Exam
,Sample Paper
,Petrochemical: Petroleum
,Semester Notes
,Objective type Questions
,MCQs
,study material
,Previous Year Questions with Solutions
,Free
,Extra Questions
,practice quizzes
,Petrochemical: Petroleum
,LPG & CNG | Organic Chemistry for NEET
,Viva Questions
,mock tests for examination
,shortcuts and tricks
,Petrochemical: Petroleum
,Important questions
,LPG & CNG | Organic Chemistry for NEET
,past year papers
,video lectures
,ppt
,LPG & CNG | Organic Chemistry for NEET
;
Additional Information about Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG for NEET Preparation
Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG Free PDF Download
The Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG is an invaluable resource that delves deep into the core of the NEET exam.
These study notes are curated by experts and cover all the essential topics and concepts, making your preparation more efficient and effective.
With the help of these notes, you can grasp complex subjects quickly, revise important points easily,
and reinforce your understanding of key concepts. The study notes are presented in a concise and easy-to-understand manner,
allowing you to optimize your learning process. Whether you're looking for best-recommended books, sample papers, study material,
or toppers' notes, this PDF has got you covered. Download the Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG now and kickstart your journey towards success in the NEET exam.
Importance of Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG
The importance of Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG cannot be overstated, especially for NEET aspirants.
This document holds the key to success in the NEET exam.
It offers a detailed understanding of the concept, providing invaluable insights into the topic.
By knowing the concepts well in advance, students can plan their preparation effectively.
Utilize this indispensable guide for a well-rounded preparation and achieve your desired results.
Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG Notes
Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG Notes offer in-depth insights into the specific topic to help you master it with ease.
This comprehensive document covers all aspects related to Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG.
It includes detailed information about the exam syllabus, recommended books, and study materials for a well-rounded preparation.
Practice papers and question papers enable you to assess your progress effectively.
Additionally, the paper analysis provides valuable tips for tackling the exam strategically.
Access to Toppers' notes gives you an edge in understanding complex concepts.
Whether you're a beginner or aiming for advanced proficiency, Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG Notes on EduRev are your ultimate resource for success.
Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG NEET Questions
The "Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG NEET Questions" guide is a valuable resource for all aspiring students preparing for the
NEET exam. It focuses on providing a wide range of practice questions to help students gauge
their understanding of the exam topics. These questions cover the entire syllabus, ensuring comprehensive preparation.
The guide includes previous years' question papers for students to familiarize themselves with the exam's format and difficulty level.
Additionally, it offers subject-specific question banks, allowing students to focus on weak areas and improve their performance.
Study Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG on the App
Students of NEET can study Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG alongwith tests & analysis from the EduRev app,
which will help them while preparing for their exam. Apart from the Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG,
students can also utilize the EduRev App for other study materials such as previous year question papers, syllabus, important questions, etc.
The EduRev App will make your learning easier as you can access it from anywhere you want.
The content of Petrochemical: Petroleum, LPG & CNG is prepared as per the latest NEET syllabus.
|
© EduRev
|
Education Revolution
|
Follow Us
|
Signup to see your scores
go up within 7 days!
Access 1000+ FREE Docs, Videos and Tests
Takes less than 10 seconds to signup