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Food Preservatives | Organic Chemistry for NEET PDF Download
These are the chemical substances added to food to prevent their spoilage due to microbial growth (bacteria, yeasts and moulds) and to retain their nutritive value for longer periods .
BHT
The most commonly used preservatives include table salt, sugar, vegetable oil, vinegar, citric acid, spices and sodium benzonate (C6H5COONA). Salts of sorbic acid and propanoic acid are also used” preservatives for cheese, baked food, pickles, meat and fish products.
1. Sodium benzoate is metabolised by conversion into hioppuric acid (C6H5CONHCH2COOH), which is ultimately urine. It is used in soft drinks and acidic foods.
2. Antioxidants like BHT(butylated hydroxytoluene) and BRA butylated hydroxyanisole) retard the action of oxygen on the food and help in the preservation of food materials.
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FAQs on Food Preservatives - Organic Chemistry for NEET
| 1. What are food preservatives? |  |
Ans. Food preservatives are substances that are added to food products to prolong their shelf life and prevent spoilage. They help to inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms that can cause food to spoil or become unsafe to consume.
| 2. Are food preservatives safe to consume? | |
Ans. Yes, most food preservatives that are approved by regulatory authorities are considered safe for consumption when used within recommended levels. These preservatives undergo rigorous testing to ensure they do not pose any significant health risks to consumers.
| 3. What are the common types of food preservatives? | |
Ans. There are several common types of food preservatives, including:
1. Antioxidants: These help prevent food from oxidizing and becoming rancid.
2. Antimicrobials: These inhibit the growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi.
3. pH regulators: These control the acidity or alkalinity of the food to prevent spoilage.
4. Chelating agents: These help to prevent the deterioration of food caused by the presence of metal ions.
5. Nitrites and nitrates: These are commonly used in processed meats to prevent bacterial growth and maintain color.
| 4. Can food preservatives cause allergic reactions? | |
Ans. Some food preservatives, such as sulfites, can cause allergic reactions in susceptible individuals. Sulfites are commonly found in dried fruits, wine, and some processed foods. It is important for individuals with known allergies or sensitivities to read food labels carefully and avoid products containing preservatives that may trigger allergic reactions.
| 5. Can natural preservatives be used as an alternative to synthetic preservatives? | |
Ans. Yes, natural preservatives can be used as an alternative to synthetic preservatives. Natural preservatives, such as vinegar, salt, sugar, and certain plant extracts, have been used for centuries to preserve food. However, it is important to note that natural preservatives may have limitations in terms of their effectiveness and may not provide the same level of shelf life extension as synthetic preservatives. Additionally, the use of natural preservatives may require stricter storage conditions or shorter shelf life for the food product.
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