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Processes with inverse response

Let us assume two first order processes  Processes with Inverse Response - Electrical Engineering (EE)  and  Processes with Inverse Response - Electrical Engineering (EE) , where  Processes with Inverse Response - Electrical Engineering (EE) , are arranged in the following manner
Processes with Inverse Response - Electrical Engineering (EE)

As  Processes with Inverse Response - Electrical Engineering (EE)  the Process 2 will be faster than Process 1. Hence, the initial direction of the overall process response will be guided by the Process 2 in the negative direction. On the other hand,K1 > k2 indicates that Process 1 will guide the ultimate steady state in the positive direction by virtue of its higher gain than the Process 2. As a result the overall process response curve will initially transit towards in the opposite direction of its final steady state. However, the transition will change its direction after some time and finally settle at the steady state value. This type of response is termed as inverse response.

The open-loop response of the system is

Processes with Inverse Response - Electrical Engineering (EE)   88

This system has a positive zero
Processes with Inverse Response - Electrical Engineering (EE)

It is noted that any system having positive zero will demonstrate an inverse response.

Compensation for inverse response
Similar to the Smith Predictor , compensation for inverse response is formulated as per the following schematic.

Processes with Inverse Response - Electrical Engineering (EE)Processes with Inverse Response - Electrical Engineering (EE)

Fig. IV.21: Schematic of a process with inverse response

In order to have a non-positive zero for this system, the value of K, should be chosen in such a way that
Processes with Inverse Response - Electrical Engineering (EE)                 90

 

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FAQs on Processes with Inverse Response - Electrical Engineering (EE)

1. What is an inverse response in processes?
An inverse response in processes refers to a situation where the output of a process reacts in the opposite direction to a change in the input. In other words, when the input increases, the output decreases, and vice versa.
2. How does an inverse response occur in processes?
An inverse response in processes can occur due to various factors, such as time delays, non-linearities, or improper tuning of control systems. These factors can lead to an inverse relationship between the input and output, causing the process to exhibit an inverse response.
3. What are the challenges of dealing with processes that exhibit inverse response?
Dealing with processes that exhibit inverse response can be challenging for control engineers. One of the main challenges is the difficulty in achieving stability and accurate control. The inverse response can lead to oscillations and instability in the system, making it harder to achieve the desired control objectives.
4. How can inverse response be mitigated in processes?
Inverse response in processes can be mitigated through several strategies. One approach is to implement proper tuning of control systems, considering the dynamics and inverse characteristics of the process. Additionally, using advanced control techniques, such as feedforward control or model predictive control, can help compensate for the inverse response and improve system performance.
5. What are some practical applications where inverse response is commonly encountered?
Inverse response is commonly encountered in various industrial processes. For example, in temperature control systems, the response of some heating or cooling elements may exhibit an inverse relationship with the input temperature. Similarly, in flow control systems, the response of control valves or pumps may exhibit an inverse relationship with the input flow rate. Understanding and managing inverse response is crucial in such applications to ensure effective process control.
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