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Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - JEE MCQ


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30 Questions MCQ Test - Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics

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Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 1

The figure shows a surface XY separating two transparent media, medium-1 and medium-2. The line ab and cd represent waveforms of a light wave travelling in medium-1 and incident on XY. The lines ef and gh represent wavefronts of the light wave in medium2 after refraction.

Q. Light travels as a

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 1

For plane wave fronts the beam of light is parallel.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 2

The figure shows a surface XY separating two transparent media, medium-1 and medium-2. The line ab and cd represent waveforms of a light wave travelling in medium-1 and incident on XY. The lines ef and gh represent wavefronts of the light wave in medium2 after refraction.

Q. The phases of the light wave at c, d, e and f are φc, φd, φe and φf respectively. It is given that φc ≠ φf.

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 2

Since points c and d are on the same wavefront , therefore φd = φc

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Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 3

The figure shows a surface XY separating two transparent media, medium-1 and medium-2. The line ab and cd represent waveforms of a light wave travelling in medium-1 and incident on XY. The lines ef and gh represent wavefronts of the light wave in medium2 after refraction.

Q. Speed of light is

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 3

The gap between consecutive wavefronts in medium 2 is less than that is medium 1. Therefore, wavelength of light in medium 2 is less than that in medium 1. Therefore, speed of light is more in medium 1 and less in medium 2.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 4

Most materials have the refractive index, n > 1. So, when a light ray from air enters a naturally occurring material, then by Snell’s law,  it is understood that the refracted ray bends towards the normal. But it never emerges on the same side of the normal as the incident ray. According to electromagnetism, the refractive index of the medium is given by the relation, n= c /  where c is the speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, v its speed in the medium, εr and μr are the relative permittivity and permeability of the medium respectively.
In normal materials, both εr and μr , are positive, implying positive n for the medium. When both εr and μr are negative, one must choose the negative root of n. Such negative refractive index materials can now be artificially prepared and are called metamaterials. They exhibit significantly different optical behavior, without violating any physical laws. Since n is negative, it results in a change in the direction of propagation of the refracted light.
However, similar to normal materials, the frequency of light remains unchanged upon refraction even in meta-materials.                    

Q. For light incident from air on a meta-material, the appropriate ray diagram is

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 4

As n is negative, therefore direction charges

n1 sin θ1 = n2 sin θ2

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 5

Most materials have the refractive index, n > 1. So, when a light ray from air enters a naturally occurring material, then by Snell’s law,  it is understood that the refracted ray bends towards the normal. But it never emerges on the same side of the normal as the incident ray. According to electromagnetism, the refractive index of the medium is given by the relation, n= c /  where c is the speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, v its speed in the medium, εr and μr are the relative permittivity and permeability of the medium respectively.
In normal materials, both εr and μr , are positive, implying positive n for the medium. When both εr and μr are negative, one must choose the negative root of n. Such negative refractive index materials can now be artificially prepared and are called metamaterials. They exhibit significantly different optical behavior, without violating any physical laws. Since n is negative, it results in a change in the direction of propagation of the refracted light.
However, similar to normal materials, the frequency of light remains unchanged upon refraction even in meta-materials.      

Q. Choose the correct statement.

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 5

The physical characteristics remain unchanged.

*Multiple options can be correct
Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 6

Light guidance in an optical fibre can be understood by considering a structure comprising of thin solid glass cylinder of refractive index n1 surrounded by a medium of lower refractive index n2.
The light guidance in the structure takes place due to successive total internal reflections at the interface of the media n1 and n2 as shown in the figure. All rays with the angle of incidence i less than a particular value im are confined in the medium of refractive index n1. The numerical aperture (NA) of the structure is defined as sin im.

Q. For two structure namely S1 with  and n2 = 3/2, and S2 with n1 = 8/5 and n2 = 7/5 and taking the refractive index of water to be 4/3 and that of air to be 1, the correct option(s) is(are)

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 6

Applying Snell’s law at P; ns sin im = n1 sin (90° – C) ns = Refractive index of surrounding

(a), (c) are correct options

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 7

Light guidance in an optical fibre can be understood by considering a structure comprising of thin solid glass cylinder of refractive index n1 surrounded by a medium of lower refractive index n2.
The light guidance in the structure takes place due to successive total internal reflections at the interface of the media n1 and n2 as shown in the figure. All rays with the angle of incidence i less than a particular value im are confined in the medium of refractive index n1. The numerical aperture (NA) of the structure is defined as sin im.

Q. If two structure of same cross-sectional area, but different numerical apertures NA1 and NA2(NA2 < NA1) are joined longitudinally, the numerical aperture of the combined structure is     

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 7

Here NA2 < NA1
∴ the NA of combin ed structure is equal to the smaller value of the two numerical apertures.
(d) is the correct option.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 8

STATEMENT-1 The formula connecting u, v and f for a spherical mirror is valid for mirrors whose sizes are very small compared to their radii of curvature. because

STATEMENT-2 Laws of reflection are strictly valid for plane surfaces, but not for large spherical surfaces.

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 8

Statement 1 :

NOTE : The mirror (spherical) formula  is valid only for mirrors of small apertures where the size of aperture is very small as compared to the radius of curvature of the mirror. This statement is true.
Statement 2 :

NOTE : Laws of mirror are valid for plane as well as large spherical surfaces.
Therefore, statement 2 is wrong.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 9

An astronomical telescope has a large aperture to

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 9

KEY CONCEPT :  The resolving power of a telescope

 where D = diameter of the objective lens

λ = wavelength of light.

Clearly, larger the aperture, larger is the value of  D, more is the resolving power or resolution.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 10

If two mirrors are kept at 60° to each other, then the number of images formed by them is

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 10

KEY CONCEPT :  When two plane mirrors are inclined at each other at an angle θ then the number of the images of a point object placed between the plane mirrors is 

∴ Number of images formed 

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 11

Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature is evident by

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 11

The ph enomenon of polarisation is shown only by transverse waves.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 12

Wavelength of light used in an optical in strument are λ1= 4000 Å and λ2 = 5000 Å , then ratio of their respective resolving powers (corresponding to λ1 and λ2) is

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 12

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 13

Which of the following is used in optical fibres?

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 13

In an optical fibre, light is sent through the fibre without any loss by the phenomenon of total internal reflection as shown in the figure.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 14

Consider telecommunication through optical fibres. Which of the following statements is not true?

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 14

Optical fibres form a dielectric wave guide and are free from electromagnetic interference or radio frequency interference.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 15

To demonstrate the phenomenon of interference, we require two sources which emit radiation

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 15

For the phenomenon of interference we require two sources of light of same frequency and having a definite phase relationship (a phase relationship that does not change with time)

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 16

The image formed by an objective of a compound microscope is

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 16

A real, inverted and enlarged image of the object is formed by the objective lens of a compound microscope.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 17

To get three images of a single object, one should have two plane mirrors at an angle of

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 17

is an even number. The number of images formed is given by

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 18

A light ray is incident perpendicularly to one face of a 90° prism and is totally internally reflected at the glass-air interface. If the angle of reflection is 45°, we conclude that the refractive index n

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 18

The incident angle is 45° .
Incident angle > critical angle, i > ic

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 19

A plano convex lens of refractive index 1.5 and radius of curvature 30 cm. Is silvered at the curved surface. Now this lens has been used to form the image of an object. At what distance from this lens an object be placed in order to have a real image of size of the object

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 19

KEY CONCEPT :  The focal length(F) of the final mirror

The combination acts as a converging mirror. For the object to be of the same size of mirror, u = 2F = 20 cm

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 20

The angle of incidence at which reflected light is totally polarized for reflection from air to glass (refractive index n), is

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 20

The angle of incidence for total polarization is given by tan θ = n ⇒ θ = tan -1 n
Where n is the refractive index of the glass.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 21

The maximum number of possible interference maxima for slit-separation equal to twice the wavelength in Young’s double-slit experiment is

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 21

For constructive interference d sin θ = nλ

n = 0, 1,  – 1, 2,  – 2  hence five maxima are possible

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 22

An electromagnetic wave of frequency n = 3.0 MHz passes from vacuum into a dielectric medium with permittivity ∈ = 4.0 . Then

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 22

Frequency  remains constant during refraction

∴ wavelength is halved and frequency remains unchanged

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 23

A fish looking up through the water sees the outside world contained in a circular horizon. If the refractive index of water is 4/3 and the fish is 12 cm below the surface, the radius of this circle in cm is

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 23

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 24

Two point white dots are 1 mm apart on a black paper. They are viewed by eye of pupil diameter 3 mm. Approximately, what is the maximum distance at which these dots can be resolved by the eye? [Take wavelength of light = 500 nm]

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 24

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 25

A thin glass (refractive index 1.5) lens has optical power of – 5 D in air. Its optical power in a liquid medium with refractive index 1.6 will be

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 25

      .... (i)

        ... (ii)

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 26

A Young’s double slit experiment uses a monochromatic source. The shape of the interference fringes formed on a screen is

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 26

The shape of interference fringes formed on a screen in case of a monochromatic source is a straight line.
Remember for double hole experiment a hyperbola is generated.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 27

If I0 is the intensity of the principal maximum in the single slit diffraction pattern, then what will be its intensity when the slit width is doubled?

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 27

When the slit width is doubled, the amplitude of the wave at the centre of the screen is doubled, so the intensity at the centre is increased by a factor 4.

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 28

When an unpolarized light of intensity I0 is incident on a polarizing sheet, the intensity of the light which does not get transmitted is

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 28

I = I0 cos2θ

Intensity of polarized light 

⇒ Intensity of untransmitted ligh 

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 29

The refractive index of a glass is 1.520 for red light and 1.525 for blue light. Let D1 and D2 be angles of minimum deviation for red and blue light respectively in a prism of this glass.
Then,

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 29

For a thin prism, D = (μ – 1) A

Since λb < λr ⇒ μr < μb ⇒ D1 < D2

Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 30

In a Young’s double slit experiment the intensity at a point where the path difference is λ/6 (λ being the wavelength of light used) is I. If I0 denotes the maximum intensity,  equal to

Detailed Solution for Test: 35 Year JEE Previous Year Questions: Ray & Wave Optics - Question 30

The intensity of light at any point of the screen where the phase difference due to light coming from the two slits is φ is given by

 is the maximum intensity..

NOTE : This formula is applicable when I1 = I2. Here

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