Coal & Petroleum - Class 8 Science Free MCQ Test with solutions

d) Light gases; used for various industrial applications

Explanation:

• Lightest Fraction of Petroleum:

  • Light gases (e.g., methane, ethane, propane, butane) are the lightest components obtained during petroleum refining.

  • These gases have the lowest boiling points and are separated first in the fractional distillation column.

• Uses of Light Gases:

  • LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) – Used as fuel for cooking and heating.

  • Feedstock in petrochemical industries – For producing plastics, synthetic rubber, and other chemicals.

  • Fuel for lighters and camping stoves (butane/propane).

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

• a) Diesel – A heavier fraction, used in trucks, buses, and generators.

• b) Petrol (Gasoline) – Lighter than diesel but heavier than gases, mainly used in cars and as a solvent.

• c) Kerosene – Mid-weight fraction, used in jet fuel, lamps, and heating.

Key Concept:

Petroleum fractions are separated based on boiling points—lighter fractions (gases) rise to the top, while heavier fractions (bitumen, lubricating oil) settle at the bottom.

Final Answer: (d) Light gases; used for various industrial applications is correct.

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