Important Questions Test: Weather Climate & Adaptations of Animals to Climate - UPSC MCQ

The tusks of an elephant are modified second incisors in the upper jaw.

A hygrometer is an instrument used to measure the amount of humidity and water vapour in the atmosphere.

An anemometer is an instrument that measures wind speed and wind pressure.As the wind blows, the cups rotate, making the rod spin.

Correct Answer :- d

The India Meteorological Department is an agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology

Explanation:-  It does not give National alerts like cyclones etc.

The correct option is B.
A camel's hump does not hold water at all – it actually stores fat. The camel uses it as nourishment when food is scarce. If a camel uses the fat inside the hump, the hump will become limp and droop down. With proper food and rest the hump will return to normal.

Polar bears are well adapted for survival in the Arctic. Their adaptations include: a white appearance - as camouflage from prey on the snow and ice. thick layers of fat and fur - for insulation against the cold.

The sun causes all our weather because it heats the earth unevenly.The heat of the sun also helps moisture to rise and form clouds, bringing rain, snow, or thunderstorms.

Rajasthan falls under Hot Desert and remaining portions of the state falls under Hot Semi Arid,the climate of the state ranges from arid to semi-arid. Rajasthan receives low and variable rainfalls and thereby is prone to droughts.

Scarcity of food, shortening of daylight and increase of cold are believed to stimulate migration.

Humidity is affected by : air temperature and relative humidity, rainfall, wind speed and direction, and sun radiation.

Arboreal animals are creatures who spend the majority of their lives in trees. They eat, sleep and play in the tree canopy.

Adaptation is the evolutionary process where an organism becomes better suited to its habitat. 

Penguins have white body.They have thick layer of skin to protect them from extreme cold conditions.They have black colour on their back.

A Penguins' feathers are stiff and packed tightly together, this doesn't allow for soaring in the air but it makes them excellent swimmers. This type of feather keeps the water out and makes a great streamlined surface, perfect for water sports.

Tigers have stripes so that they can easily hide from their prey. Their camouflage allows them the best chance to catch their prey.

Camouflage adaptation refers to the use of coloration, patterns, or materials that allow an organism (or its rider) to blend into its environment to avoid detection by predators or prey. This adaptation is primarily related to visual concealment.

In the context of riding animals, if this technique involves making the rider or the animal less visible in their environment, it aligns with camouflage adaptation.

In tropical rainforest, days and nights are almost equal in length throughout the year.

The temperature of these regions varies from 15°C to 40°C during the year.

These regions get plenty of rainfall. Because of continuous warmth and rain, this region supports wide variety of plants and animals.

The main way that cactus spines prevent cacti from losing water is by reducing air flow around the cactus. Spines break up air flow, which can help reduce evaporation.

Weather forecasts are made by collecting as much data as possible about the current state of the atmosphere (particularly the temperature, humidity and wind.

An opposable thumb is a physical adaptation for primates. Opposable thumbs help monkeys and apes climb trees and gather and eat their food. Opposable thumbs help humans operate tools to make use of resources in our environment.