Test: Plants And Animals - 2 - Class 5 MCQ

Saprophytes and their Characteristics:

• Saprophytes are organisms that derive their nutrition from dead or decaying organic matter.


• They are unable to produce their own food through photosynthesis or other means.


• Instead, saprophytes obtain their nutrients by breaking down and absorbing organic material.


• These organisms play an important role in the decomposition process, helping to recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.

Identifying the Saprophyte:

Among the given options, we need to identify the organism that feeds on dead or decaying matter and cannot manufacture its own food. Let's analyze each option:

A: Money plant

The money plant, also known as Epipremnum aureum, is a photosynthetic plant that can produce its own food through photosynthesis. It is not a saprophyte.

B: Grass

Grass, like other plants, is capable of photosynthesis and can manufacture its own food. It is not a saprophyte.

C: Algae

Algae are photosynthetic organisms that can produce their own food through photosynthesis. They are not saprophytes.

D: Mushroom

Mushrooms are fungi that obtain their nutrients by decomposing organic matter. They break down dead or decaying material and absorb the nutrients from it. Mushrooms are saprophytes.

Conclusion:

Among the given options, the organism that is a saprophyte is Mushroom (Option D). It feeds on dead or decaying matter and cannot manufacture its own food.

The blood of many animals is red because of the presence of this pigment containing iron. What is it called?
The correct answer is Hemoglobin.
Explanation:
Hemoglobin is a pigment found in the red blood cells of many animals, including humans. It is responsible for the red color of blood and plays a crucial role in transporting oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues. Here's a detailed explanation of why the blood of many animals is red due to the presence of hemoglobin:
- Hemoglobin Structure: Hemoglobin is a protein molecule composed of four subunits. Each subunit contains a heme group, which is a complex structure that contains an iron atom. It is this iron atom that gives hemoglobin its red color.
- Oxygen Binding: The iron atoms in hemoglobin have the ability to bind to oxygen molecules. When oxygen is inhaled, it enters the bloodstream and attaches to the iron atoms in the heme groups of hemoglobin. This forms an oxyhemoglobin complex, which is bright red in color.
- Oxygen Transport: Once the oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, it can be transported throughout the body. Oxygen-rich blood appears bright red, and it is pumped by the heart to deliver oxygen to the body's tissues.
- Oxygen Release: In tissues with low oxygen levels, such as muscles, the hemoglobin releases the oxygen it carries. This allows the oxygen to be used by the cells for energy production. When oxygen is released, the hemoglobin becomes deoxygenated and appears darker in color.
- Other Pigments: It's important to note that not all animals have red blood. Some animals, such as crustaceans and mollusks, have a different pigment called hemocyanin, which contains copper instead of iron. Hemocyanin gives their blood a bluish color.
In conclusion, the presence of hemoglobin, a pigment containing iron, is responsible for the red color of blood in many animals, including humans.

Answer:
Introduction:
Seeds play a crucial role in the propagation of plants by allowing them to produce the next generation. Before seeds are dispersed, they are contained within a specific part of the plant. Let's explore which part of the plant this is.
The Fruit:
- The correct answer is fruit.
- The fruit of a plant contains the seed before it is dispersed.
- The fruit serves as a protective covering for the seed.
- It helps in the dispersal of seeds through various mechanisms, such as animal consumption or wind dispersal.
Flower, Root, and Leaf:
- The flower is responsible for pollination, which is an essential step in seed production.
- The root primarily serves to anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients.
- The leaf is involved in the process of photosynthesis.
Conclusion:
In summary, the part of a plant that contains the seed before it is dispersed is the fruit. The fruit plays a vital role in protecting the seed and facilitating its dispersal, ensuring the continuation of the plant species.

Incorrect Statement:

A: Musk deer are hunted for a pair of smell glands present under the belly of the males which is used to make perfume.

Explanation:
The other statements (B and C) are correct, but statement A is incorrect because musk deer are hunted for their musk glands, not smell glands. The musk glands are located near the male's genitals and produce a substance called musk, which is highly valued in the perfume industry. The glands are not under the belly of the males as mentioned in statement A. The correct location of the musk glands is near the genitals.
To summarize, the incorrect statement is A, which incorrectly describes the location of the musk glands on musk deer.

Characteristics of the Group of Animals:

• Three pairs of legs: This group of animals has a total of six legs, which indicates they are not mammals or reptiles, as these animals typically have four legs.


• Wings: This group of animals possesses wings, distinguishing them from other animals that do not have this characteristic.

Identification of the Group:

Based on the given characteristics, we can conclude that the group of animals being referred to is insects.

Reasoning:

• Insects: Insects are characterized by having three pairs of legs and wings. Examples of insects include beetles, butterflies, ants, and flies.


• Amphibians: Amphibians, such as frogs and salamanders, typically have four legs and do not possess wings.


• Reptiles: Reptiles, like snakes and lizards, also have four legs or are legless, but they lack wings.


• Birds: Birds have two legs and two wings, not three pairs of legs.

Therefore, the correct answer is A: Insects.

The animal that breathes through gills when it is young but breathes through lungs as an adult is the frog.
Here is a detailed explanation:
Gills in Young Stage:
- When a frog is in its larval stage, which is commonly known as a tadpole, it breathes through gills.
- Tadpoles have external gills that help them extract oxygen from the water.
Lungs in Adult Stage:
- As a tadpole undergoes metamorphosis and transforms into an adult frog, it develops lungs for breathing.
- The transformation involves the development of lungs and the disappearance of gills.
- Adult frogs have a pair of lungs that allow them to breathe air.
Adaptation to Terrestrial Life:
- The transition from gills to lungs is essential for the survival of frogs as they move from their aquatic habitat to a terrestrial one.
- Lungs enable frogs to breathe atmospheric oxygen, which is necessary for survival outside of water.
- This adaptation allows adult frogs to live and breathe both on land and in water.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: Frog.

Legume, also called pod, the fruit of plants in the pea family. The fruits come in a variety of sizes and shapes. Rajma, soybeans, pea, etc are some members of the legume family.

Explanation:
The part of the plant that is referred to as its food factory is the leaf. Here is a detailed explanation of why the leaf is considered the food factory of the plant:

• Photosynthesis: The leaf contains specialized cells called chloroplasts, which contain a pigment called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll allows plants to capture sunlight and convert it into energy through a process called photosynthesis.


• Sunlight: The leaf is exposed to sunlight, which provides the energy needed for photosynthesis to occur.


• Water: The leaf absorbs water through its roots and transports it to the cells where photosynthesis takes place.


• Carbon dioxide: The leaf also takes in carbon dioxide from the surrounding air through small openings called stomata.


• Food production: Through photosynthesis, the leaf combines sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose (a type of sugar). This glucose is then used by the plant as a source of energy for growth and development.

Therefore, the leaf is considered the food factory of the plant because it is responsible for producing food (glucose) through the process of photosynthesis using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.

Answer:


To determine which of the given options is an omnivore, we need to understand the feeding habits of each animal.
Horse:
- Horses are herbivores that primarily feed on plants such as grass and hay. They do not consume animal flesh.
Fruit bat:
- Fruit bats are also herbivores. They mainly feed on fruits, nectar, and pollen. They do not consume meat.
Human:
- Humans are classified as omnivores. They have the ability to consume and digest both plant-based and animal-based foods. Humans have a diverse diet that includes fruits, vegetables, grains, meat, and dairy products.
Leopard:
- Leopards are carnivores. They are predators that primarily feed on other animals, such as deer, antelope, and small mammals. They do not consume plants.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: Human, as humans are omnivores that consume both plants and animals.

Spices Originated in India:
- Black pepper
Explanation:
- Black pepper is one of the spices that originated in India.
- It is native to the Malabar Coast of India and has been used in Indian cuisine for centuries.
- India is one of the largest producers and exporters of black pepper in the world.
- Other spices like cloves and coriander did not originate in India.
- Cloves are native to the Maluku Islands in Indonesia, while coriander is native to the Mediterranean region.
- However, these spices are widely used in Indian cooking and have become an integral part of Indian cuisine.
- While India may not be the original source of all plant products used in our daily life, it has made significant contributions to the world of spices.

Incorrect Statement: Begonia reproduces through roots.
Explanation:
Begonia is a type of flowering plant that reproduces through various methods, but root reproduction is not one of them. Begonia can reproduce through the following methods:
1. Seeds: Begonia plants produce small seeds that can be dispersed and germinate to form new plants.
2. Leaf cuttings: Begonia leaves can be used to propagate new plants. By placing a leaf cutting in a suitable growing medium, it can develop roots and grow into a new plant.
3. Stem cuttings: Begonia stems can also be used for propagation. Cuttings taken from the stem can develop roots and grow into new plants.
4. Rhizome division: Some species of Begonia have rhizomes, which are underground stems. These rhizomes can be divided, and each division can grow into a new plant.
In conclusion, Begonia does not reproduce through roots. It primarily reproduces through seeds, leaf cuttings, stem cuttings, and rhizome division.

Photosynthesis Process and Products
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and involves several steps.
The process of photosynthesis can be summarized as follows:
- Light Absorption: Chlorophyll, the green pigment found in chloroplasts, absorbs light energy from the sun.
- Light-Dependent Reactions: The absorbed light energy is used to split water molecules into hydrogen ions (H+), electrons (e-), and oxygen (O2) through a process called photolysis. The released oxygen is a byproduct and is released into the atmosphere.
- Calvin Cycle (Light-Independent Reactions): In this phase, the energy captured from the light-dependent reactions is used to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into glucose (C6H12O6). This process requires ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) as energy sources.
The products of photosynthesis are:
- Glucose: The primary product of photosynthesis, glucose, is a simple sugar that serves as a source of energy for the plant. It is used for various metabolic processes and is stored in the form of starch or used to produce other organic compounds.
- Oxygen: The release of oxygen during photosynthesis is vital for the survival of organisms that depend on it for respiration. Oxygen is released into the atmosphere as a byproduct of the light-dependent reactions.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: Glucose and oxygen.

The correct match of a plant and its mode of reproduction is option D: All of these. Let's break down the options and explain why they are correct:
A: Tamarind - Root:
- Tamarind plants reproduce through vegetative propagation, which involves the production of new plants from roots, stems, or leaves.
- However, the primary mode of reproduction for tamarind is through seeds, which are contained in the fruit pods.
B: Sugarcane - Stem:
- Sugarcane plants reproduce through vegetative propagation, specifically from stem cuttings.
- Farmers commonly use stem cuttings to propagate sugarcane plants because it is a reliable and efficient method.
C: Ferns - Spores:
- Ferns reproduce through spores, which are tiny reproductive structures produced by the sporophyte generation of the plant.
- Spores are released into the environment, where they can germinate and develop into new fern plants.
D: All of these:
- This option is correct because it includes all the correct matches of plants and their modes of reproduction.
- Tamarind reproduces through both seeds and vegetative propagation from roots.
- Sugarcane reproduces through vegetative propagation from stem cuttings.
- Ferns reproduce through spores.
In conclusion, the correct match of a plant and its mode of reproduction is option D: All of these.