Olympiad Test : General Science - 1 - Class 5 MCQ

Asteroids are smaller, planet-like objects, often with irregular shapes. They mainly reside in the asteroid belt, which is located between Mars and Jupiter. These objects do revolve around the Sun, similar to planets, but their smaller size and irregular shapes differentiate them from full-fledged planets.

The Clementine spacecraft, which was launched in 1994, discovered evidence of water-ice at the Moon's poles, particularly in permanently shadowed craters where sunlight never reaches. These areas, located at the lunar poles, are extremely cold, making them ideal locations for water-ice to be preserved. This discovery was significant because it opened possibilities for future lunar exploration and potential resource utilization.

The phase of the moon following the full moon is known as the waning gibbous moon. After this phase, the phase of the moon that occurs three weeks after the new moon is the third quarter moon. After the third quarter moon, the waning crescent moon occurs right before the next new moon.

Bacteria and fungi play a crucial role in ecosystems as decomposers. They break down dead organic matter, such as plant and animal remains, recycling nutrients back into the soil, which is essential for the health of the environment. This process helps to maintain the balance of ecosystems and supports the growth of new plants.

The relationship between a human and a tapeworm is an example of parasitism, where the tapeworm benefits by living inside the human host and absorbing nutrients from the host’s digestive system. In this relationship, the human host is harmed as the tapeworm takes away nutrients, potentially causing health issues like malnutrition.

In a food chain, the arrows show how energy moves from one organism to another. For example, when a plant is eaten by a herbivore (like a rabbit), energy from the plant moves into the rabbit. Then, if a predator (like a fox) eats the rabbit, the energy moves into the fox. So, the arrows represent how energy is passed along as one living thing eats another in the food chain.

An ecosystem includes both living things (like fish, plants, and bacteria) and the physical environment (such as water, temperature, and light). In a fish tank, the fish and plants represent the living community, while the water, rocks, and tank structure represent the physical environment. Together, they make the fish tank a complete ecosystem.

Chloroplasts are specialized organelles found in plant cells. They contain a pigment called chlorophyll, which absorbs sunlight and uses it to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (a type of sugar). This process is called photosynthesis, and it is how plants produce their own food.

Both detrivores and decomposers feed on waste material in an ecosystem. Detrivores (like earthworms) eat the larger pieces of dead organic matter, such as plant debris and animal remains. Decomposers (like bacteria and fungi) break down the organic matter into simpler substances, recycling nutrients back into the environment.

High heat and pressure can change existing igneous, sedimentary, or even other metamorphic rocks into metamorphic rocks. This process is called metamorphism. During metamorphism, the minerals in the rock are altered, and the rock may become denser or develop new textures, but it does not melt and become igneous.