Olympiad Test: Weather, Climate And Adaptations Of Animals -1 - Class 7 MCQ

Climate of a place is affected by:
There are several factors that affect the climate of a place. These include:
1. Altitude of a place:
- As altitude increases, the temperature decreases.
- Higher elevated areas tend to be cooler than lower areas at the same latitude.
- The air at higher altitudes is less dense, resulting in cooler temperatures.
2. Distance from the sea:
- Places near the sea or ocean tend to have milder climates compared to those located inland.
- The presence of large water bodies moderates temperature fluctuations, creating a more stable climate.
- Coastal areas often experience cool summers and mild winters due to the influence of ocean currents.
3. Location of a place:
- The latitude of a place plays a significant role in determining its climate.
- Places near the equator receive more direct sunlight and tend to have warmer climates, while places near the poles receive less sunlight and have colder climates.
- The specific location of a place within a country or region can also affect its climate, as it may be influenced by nearby geographical features such as mountains or deserts.
4. Other factors:
- Other factors that can affect climate include prevailing winds, ocean currents, and topography.
- Prevailing winds can bring in moisture or dry air, depending on the direction they blow from.
- Ocean currents can transport warm or cold water, influencing the temperature and moisture content of the air.
- Topographical features such as mountains can create rain shadows, resulting in different climate patterns on either side.
Conclusion:
The climate of a place is influenced by a combination of factors, including altitude, distance from the sea, and location. These factors interact with each other and can result in diverse climate patterns around the world. Understanding these factors is crucial for predicting and studying climate patterns and their potential impact on ecosystems and human activities.

The Trunk of an Elephant
The trunk of an elephant is a unique and highly specialized organ that is used for various functions. It is a modification of the upper lip and nose of the elephant.
Functions of the Elephant Trunk
- The trunk is used for breathing. Elephants have a specialized nasal passage within their trunks that allows them to draw in and expel air.
- It is used for smelling. The trunk contains a large number of olfactory receptors, allowing elephants to have a highly developed sense of smell.
- The trunk is used for feeding. Elephants use their trunks to grasp and pick up food, such as leaves and branches, and bring it to their mouths.
- It is used for drinking. Elephants can suck water into their trunks and then use it to drink or spray themselves to cool down.
- The trunk is used for communication. Elephants use their trunks to make a variety of sounds, including trumpeting, rumbling, and snorting, which are used to communicate with other elephants.
- It is used for social interactions. Elephants use their trunks to touch and greet each other, showing affection and establishing relationships within their herd.
Conclusion
The trunk of an elephant is a remarkable adaptation that is a modification of the upper lip and nose. It is an essential and versatile tool that plays a crucial role in an elephant's survival and daily activities.

Explanation:
Definition:
Adjustment of plants and animals to environmental changes is called adaptation.
Key Points:
- Adaptation refers to the process by which organisms adjust to changes in their environment in order to survive and reproduce.
- It is a natural and gradual process that occurs over generations.
- Adaptation can occur at the genetic level, where favorable traits are passed on to offspring, or at the individual level, where organisms modify their behavior or physiology to better suit their environment.
- Plants and animals can adapt to various environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, availability of food and water, and predation.
- Examples of adaptation in plants include the development of specialized root systems to absorb water in arid environments or the ability to shed leaves to conserve water during periods of drought.
- Examples of adaptation in animals include the development of camouflage to blend in with their surroundings or the ability to enter a dormant state, such as hibernation or aestivation, to conserve energy during unfavorable conditions.
Answer:
The correct answer is adaptation.

Arboreal animals or animals living on trees have strong claws and broad hip girdles and spines to prevent them from slipping and has ability to climb up the trees. 

Earth's position in the solar system is:
There are eight planets in our solar system, and each of them has a unique position in relation to the sun. Earth's position can be determined by considering the distances of the planets from the sun.
1. Introduction to Earth's position:
- Earth is the third planet from the sun in our solar system.
- It is located between Venus, the second planet, and Mars, the fourth planet.
2. Determining Earth's position:
To understand Earth's position in more detail, let's consider the distances of the planets from the sun:
- Mercury: It is the closest planet to the sun.
- Venus: It is the second closest planet to the sun.
- Earth: It is the third closest planet to the sun.
- Mars: It is the fourth closest planet to the sun.
3. Conclusion:
- Earth is the third planet from the sun, making it the 3rd nearest planet to the sun in our solar system.
- This position influences Earth's climate, temperature, and overall conditions for sustaining life.
Summary:
- Earth is the third planet from the sun in our solar system.
- It is the 3rd nearest planet to the sun.
- Earth's position affects its climate and ability to support life.

Long Sticky Tongues

The animal that has a long sticky tongue among the given options is the penguin.

Here is a detailed solution:

• Penguins: Penguins have long, thin, and sticky tongues that help them catch and swallow their prey, such as fish and krill. Their tongues are covered in backward-facing spines that help secure the prey and prevent it from slipping away.


• Eagles, cheetahs, and cows do not have long sticky tongues.


• Eagles: Eagles have sharp beaks and talons that they use to catch and grip their prey, but they do not have long sticky tongues.


• Cheetahs: Cheetahs have long, muscular tongues, but they are not sticky. They use their tongues to lick the meat off bones and groom themselves.


• Cows: Cows have long tongues, but they are not sticky. They use their tongues to gather grass and other vegetation for grazing.

Therefore, the correct answer is B: penguins.

False Statement: A: In cold regions plants grow new leaves during winter.
Explanation:
In cold regions, plants do not usually grow new leaves during winter. They have adapted to the harsh conditions by going through a process called dormancy. During this period, the plant's growth slows down, and it conserves energy by shedding its leaves. This helps to protect the plant from freezing temperatures and reduces water loss through transpiration.
Correct Statements:
The other statements are true and can be explained as follows:
B: Some desert plants do not have leaves.
- Due to the scarce availability of water in deserts, some plants have evolved to survive in these extreme conditions by reducing their surface area for water loss. These plants, known as succulents, store water in their stems or leaves, and as a result, they may not have typical leaves like other plants.
C: Thick skin protects the animals from the blazing heat of the sun.
- Many animals in hot climates have developed thick skin or specialized adaptations to protect themselves from the intense heat of the sun. Thick skin acts as insulation and helps to prevent water loss through evaporation.
D: Bears have thick fur as a protection against the cold.
- Bears have a thick layer of fur that helps to insulate their bodies and keep them warm in cold environments. The fur traps air close to their skin, providing an additional layer of insulation.
In conclusion, statement A is false because plants in cold regions do not grow new leaves during winter.

Explanation:
To determine the correct answer, let's analyze the characteristics of red-eyed frogs and new world monkeys:
Red-eyed frog:
- Red-eyed frogs are amphibians.
- They are known for their vibrant coloration and distinctive red eyes.
- They are primarily found in tropical rainforests.
- They are adapted to live in moist and humid environments.
New world monkey:
- New world monkeys are primates.
- They belong to the family Callitrichidae and Cebidae.
- They are native to the tropical forests of Central and South America.
- They are adapted to live in arboreal habitats, such as trees.
Based on these characteristics, we can conclude that red-eyed frogs and new world monkeys are both animals of the tropical rainforest.
Answer: D - Tropical Rainforest

White colour, thick skin and lots of fat are features of adaptation in penguins in cold climate. 

Adaptations of sharp claws and powerful feet in the fishing eagle:
- Introduction: The fishing eagle possesses sharp claws and powerful feet, which are considered adaptations. These adaptations serve specific purposes in the bird's survival and hunting strategies.
- Adaptation to available food: The presence of sharp claws and powerful feet in the fishing eagle is primarily an adaptation to its hunting and feeding habits. The bird primarily feeds on fish, and its sharp claws and powerful feet are crucial for capturing and handling slippery prey in aquatic environments.
- Hunting strategies: The fishing eagle uses its sharp claws to grasp and secure its prey while hunting. The powerful feet provide a strong grip, allowing the bird to maintain control over the fish even in challenging conditions such as strong currents or when the prey puts up a fight.
- Efficient hunting technique: The adaptations of sharp claws and powerful feet enable the fishing eagle to catch fish effectively. The claws allow the bird to quickly snatch the fish from the water, while the powerful feet provide the necessary strength to lift and carry the prey back to its perch or nest.
- Specialized for fishing: The fishing eagle's adaptations are specialized for its ecological niche as a fish-eating bird. Its sharp claws and powerful feet are not as important for self-protection or combating climate changes, but rather for successfully hunting and capturing its primary food source.
In conclusion, the presence of sharp claws and powerful feet in the fishing eagle is an adaptation primarily related to its hunting and feeding habits. These adaptations enable the bird to efficiently catch and handle fish, its main source of food.

Red eyed frog has sticky pads on its feet to climb the trees. 

Rain Gauge: Measuring Rainfall

A rain gauge is a meteorological instrument that is used to measure the amount of rainfall in a specific area. It is a simple device that collects and measures the precipitation that falls from the atmosphere in the form of rain. The rain gauge helps in determining the amount of rainfall over a certain period of time, which is an important parameter for weather forecasting and hydrological studies.

Key Points:

• Rainfall: The primary purpose of a rain gauge is to measure the amount of rainfall in a given area.


• Precipitation: It measures the liquid precipitation, which includes rainwater and melted snow.


• Accumulation: By collecting and measuring the rainfall, a rain gauge helps in determining the total accumulation of water over a specific time period.


• Units: Rainfall is usually measured in units such as millimeters (mm) or inches (in).


• Weather Monitoring: Rain gauges are commonly used in weather stations, agricultural areas, and hydrological studies to monitor and analyze rainfall patterns.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option B: Rainfall.

Size of Morning Sun:
- The size of the morning sun is big.
- It is important to note that the size of the sun does not change throughout the day.
- The perception of the size of the sun may vary depending on atmospheric conditions and the position of the observer on the Earth.
- During sunrise, the sun may appear larger due to an optical illusion known as the Ponzo illusion, where objects near the horizon appear larger than objects in the sky.
- However, in reality, the size of the sun remains constant.
- The apparent size of the sun can also be influenced by atmospheric phenomena such as scattering and refraction.
- These phenomena can cause the sun to appear larger or smaller, but its actual size remains the same.
- Therefore, the size of the morning sun is not "very big in comparison to the day's sun" as stated in option D, but it is simply big.
- It is important to understand that the size of the sun is relative to the observer and can be perceived differently based on various factors.

Opposable thumb helps in holding the branch. It is an adaptation to arboreal life or tree dwelling animals.