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Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - JEE MCQ


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25 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT)

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Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 1

Only One Option Correct Type

Direction : This section contains 9 multiple choice questions. Each question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

Q. 

Ellingham diagram represents a graph of 

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 1

Eilingham diagram represents a graph of ΔG° vs T.

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 2

ΔG° vsT plot in the Ellingham diagram slopes down for the reaction.

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 2

In the case of carbon reacting with dioxygen.

two volumes of CO for every one volume of dioxygen used. Thus, ΔS is positive and hence ΔG becomes increasilngly negative as temperature increases. Consequently the line on Eilingham diagram slope downwards.

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Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 3

The following reactions take place in the blast furnace in the preparation of impure iron. Identify the reaction pertaining to the formation of the slag.

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 3

A slag is an easily fusible material which is formed when gangue still present in the roasted or the calcined ore combines  with the flux. For example, in the metallurgy of iron, CaO (flux) combines with silica gangue to form easily fusible calcium silicate (CaSiO3) slag.
CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3 (slag)

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 4

Which metal has a greater tendency to form metal oxide?

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 4

Because the change in free energy i.e. ΔG is highly negative for this reaction,

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 5

The main reaction occurring in blast furnace during the extraction of iron from haematite is

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 5

3Fe2O3 + CO → 2Fe3O4 + CO2
Fe3O4 + CO → 3FeO + CO2
FeO + CO → Fe + CO2

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 6

Consider the following reactions at 10000° C,

Then choose the correct statement from the following.

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 6

Because the ΔG° of the formation of CO is more negative than that of ZnO at 10000°C.

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 7

According to Ellingham diagrams the oxidation reaction of carbon and carbon monoxide may be used to reduce which one of the following oxides at the lowest temperature?

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 7

Because ΔG° for reductions of rest three oxides [Al2O3, ZnO and MgO] are less negative than that of Cu2O at lower temperature.

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 8

The minimum voltage required to electrolyse alumina in the Hall-Heroult process is [Given, (Al2O3) = - 1520 kJ/mol and (CO2) = 394 k J/mol]

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 8

In Hall - Heroult process the following reactions occur

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 9

Based on the given information (CaO) = - 604.2 kJ/mol and (Al2O3) = - 1582 kJ/mol, which of the following is feasible?

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 9

3Ca + Al2O→ 2AI + 3CaO
ΔG°= 3 x(CaO) -(Al2O3)
= 3 x (-604.2)-(-1582)
= -1812 + 1582 = -230 kJ 
ΔG° is negative. Hence, this reaction is feasible.

*Multiple options can be correct
Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 10

One or More than One Options Correct Type

Direction : This section contains 5 multiple choice questions. Each question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONE or MORE THAN ONE are correct.

Q. 

For the metallurgical process of which of the calcined ore can be reduced by carbon?

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 10

Calcined ore of haematite (Fe2O3) and zincite (ZnO) can be reduced by carbon.

*Multiple options can be correct
Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 11

For which oxide formation ΔG° is more negative than Gr2O3?

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 11

According to Eilingham diagram, for Al2O3 and MgO is more negative than Cr2O3.

*Multiple options can be correct
Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 12

In the extraction of iron from haematite in blast furnace reducing agent

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 12

The correct answer is option 
Carbon monoxide is the actual reducing agent of haematite in blast furnace.

C + O2 → CO2
CO2 + C → 2CO↑
Fe2O3 + CO → 2FeO + CO2
FeO + CO → Fe + CO2

*Multiple options can be correct
Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 13

Based on the given information, (CaO) = -604.2 kJ/mol and (Al2O3) = - 1582 kJ/mol, which o f the following is correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 13

3CaO + 2AI → Al2O3 + 3Ca
ΔG °= (Al2O3) - 3(CaO)
= - 1582 - 3 (-604)
= -1582 + 1812 = +230 kJ
ΔG° is positive. Hence this reaction is not spontaneous.

*Multiple options can be correct
Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 14

Consider the Ellingham diagram given below. Which metal(s) in the diagram can be extracted at 1100 K using coke as a reducing agent?

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 14

In the extraction of iron, at low temperature CO is effective and at high temperature carbon is more effective.

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 15

Comprehension Type

Direction : This section contains a paragraph, describing theory, experiments, data, etc. Two questions related to the paragraph have been given. Each question has only one correct answer among the four given options (a), (b), (c) and (d).

Passage

Q. 

To make the reduction ZnO+ C → Zn + CO spontaneous, temperature should be

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 15

The temperature should be above the intersecting temperature.

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 16

Passage

Q. 

At 1100°C, which reaction is spontaneous to a maximum extent ?

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 16

At 1100° C the ΔG° for
ZnO + Mg → Zn + MgO, is more negative then other three reactions.

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 17

Matching List Type

Direction : Choices for the correct combination of elements from Column I and Column II are given as options (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which one is correct.

Q. 

Match the Column I with Column II and mark the correct option from the codes given below.

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 17

(i) → (q), (ii) → (r), (iii) → (s), (iv) → (p)

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 18

Match the Column I with Column II and mark the correct option from the codes given below.

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 18

(i) → (r,t), (ii) → (p), (iii) → (s), (iv) → (q)

*Answer can only contain numeric values
Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 19

One Integer Value Correct Type

Direction : This section contains 5 questions. When worked out will result in an integer from 0 to 9 (both inclusive).

Q. 

In the Gibbs equation at equilibrium the value of ΔG is


Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 19

ΔG = ΔH-T&S
At eqbm. (ΔG = 0)
0 = ΔH - 7ΔS ⇒ ΔH = TΔS

*Answer can only contain numeric values
Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 20

The reaction 3CaO + 2AI → Al2O3 + 3Ca is non-spontaneous. The number of electrons involved are


Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 20

3CaO + 2Al Al2O3 + 3Ca
At anode: 2Al(s) 2Al3+ + 6e-
At cathode: 3Ca2+ + 6e- 3Ca(s)
     Hence, number of e- involved = 6

*Answer can only contain numeric values
Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 21

The given reaction 2AI + Cr2O3 → Al2O3 + 2Cr is spontaneous. The number of electrons involved are


Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 21

6 electrons from 2 Al-atoms participate.

*Answer can only contain numeric values
Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 22

Among PbO, ZnO, CaO, Al2O3, SnO2, Cr2O3, WO3, HgO the oxides reduced by carbon are


Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 22

PbO, ZnO and SnO2 are reduced by carbon.

*Answer can only contain numeric values
Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 23

Cu2+ + Fe → Cu + Fe2+ for this reaction to calculate ΔG° the formula ΔG° = - nFE° is used. Here, value of n is


Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 23

ΔG°= -nFE°, n = number of electrons involved

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 24

Statement Type

Direction : This section is based on Statement I and Statement II. Select the correct answer from the codes given below.

Q. 

Statement I : Carbon is good reducing agent for sulphides.

Statement II : Carbon is poor reducing agent for iron oxide.

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 24

Carbon is a good reducing agent for oxides, it is a poor reducing agent for sulphides. The reason why carbon reduces so many oxides at elevated temperature is that the ΔG°/T line for CO has a negative slope. There is no compound as analogous to CO with a steep negative ΔG°/T line. Thus sulphides are normally roasted in air to form oxides before reducing with carbon
2 MS + 3O→ 2MO + 2SO2

Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 25

Statement I : Carbon can reduce Fe2O3 to Fe at a temperature below 983 K. 

Statement II : Iron has higher affinity toward oxygen than carbon.

Detailed Solution for Test: Ellingham's Diagram & Its Applications: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy (Old NCERT) - Question 25

Below 983 K iron having higher affinity towards oxygen than carbon, carbon cannot reduce Fe2O3 to Fe.

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