Development - Class 10 SST Free MCQ Test with solutions

Infant Mortality Rate - The ratio of deaths in an area to the population of that area; expressed per 1000 per year.

The assertion is incorrect because India is not classified as a low-income country. According to the NCERT textbook, it is a low middle-income country. Also in 2019, the per capita income of India was $6700 per annum.
So, both A and R are incorrect.

The correct option is Option C.

India's per capita income (nominal) was $1670 per year in 2016, ranked at 112th out of 164 countries by the World Bank, while its per capita income on purchasing power parity (PPP) basis was US$5,350, and ranked 106th

A community also needs public facilities for education and training, affordable healthcare, and provisions for adequate food and nutrition for development. Body mass index is an interesting way to find your health status. Countries with lower per capita income than India have comparable or higher developmental performance on other criteria. 

Per capita income is the total income (National Income) of the country divided by the total number of people in that country.
Per capita income is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries.

The regular process without harming the productivity of future generation and satisfy the need of the present generation is known as sustainable economic development.

The correct answer is:

c) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A

Explanation:

Assertion (A):

"Sustainable development must be adopted to save the environment from degradation."

• True. Sustainable development balances economic growth with environmental protection to prevent resource depletion and ecological harm.

Reason (R):

"It is a matter of discussion among different countries of the world."

• True. Sustainable development is indeed a global topic (e.g., UN Sustainable Development Goals, climate summits).

Why is R not the correct explanation of A?

• While R states that sustainable development is discussed globally, it does not explain why it is needed (to prevent environmental degradation, as stated in A).

• The reason merely adds a fact but fails to justify the assertion.

Key Distinction:

• A highlights the purpose of sustainable development (environmental protection).

• R highlights its global relevance (discussions among nations).

Why Not Other Options?

• a) Incorrect because A is true.

• b) Incorrect because R is true (but irrelevant to explaining A).

• d) Incorrect because R does not explain A.

Literacy rate is called as the "proportion of literate population" in the age group of '7 years' and above.
Literacy rate can be defined as a portion of people in a certain area who are able to "read" and "write". India's literacy rate is less than 84% of the total literacy rate of the world.

There is a difference between 'male and female' in the case of 'literacy' in India, where the 'literacy rate' of men is '82.14' whereas in 'women' it is only '65.46' percent.

Average income is calculated by dividing the total sum of income by the total population of the country. It is used to make a comparative analysis of the position of the country since the total income can never be an indicator of the economic health of the country and its people.
 But it comes with its own limitations which are as follows: 
It does not provide us with information regarding non-economic goods and services. 
Also, the average income does not reflect the true picture of the income distribution. 

Money cannot buy all the goods and services that a person may need to live well. Income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are able to use. For example, normally, money cannot buy a pollution-free environment or ensure that a person gets unadulterated medicines, unless a person can afford to shift to a community that already has all these things. Money may also not be able to protect individual from infections, disease, unless the whole of our community takes preventive steps.

Net Attendance Ratio is the total number of children of age group 14 and 15 years attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a person’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. A high BMI can be an indicator of high body fatness. BMI can be used to screen for weight categories that may lead to health problems but it is not diagnostic of the body fatness or health of an individual.