Indian Geography - Practice Test - 1 - UPSC MCQ

1. Kundermukh - Karnataka
2. Bor - Maharashtra
3. Pilibhit - UP
4. Achanakmar - Chattisgarh 

The Tribunal shall not be bound by the procedure laid down under the Code of Civil Procedure,1908, but shall be guided by principles of natural justice. The NGT has the power to hear all civil cases relating to environmental issues and questions that are linked to the implementation of laws listed in Schedule I of the NGT Act. These include the following:
1. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974;
2. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977;
3. The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980;
4. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981;
5. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986;
6. The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991;
7. The Biological Diversity Act, 2002.
This means that any violations pertaining only to these laws, or any order / decision taken by the Government under these laws can be challenged before the NGT. Importantly, the NGT has not been vested with powers to hear any matter relating to the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, the Indian Forest Act, 1927 and various laws enacted by States relating to forests, tree preservation etc. Therefore, specific and substantial issues related to these laws cannot be raised before the NGT. You will have to approach the State High Court or the Supreme Court through a Writ Petition (PIL) or file an Original Suit before an appropriate Civil Judge of the taluk where the project that you intend to challenge is located. 

In most countries, only national or federal government can constitute national parks, but inIndia, state governments have the power to constitute national parks. In fact, national parks can only be constituted or abolished through state legislation, whereas wild sanctuaries are created through an order of a competent authority, who can be the chief conservator of forests or a minister of a state. Thus, it is evident that national parks have greater degree of permanency than a wildlife sanctuary

The brown palm civet (Paradoxurus jerdoni) also called the Jerdon's palm civet is a palm civet endemic to the Western Ghats of India.

Prior to 2002 these forest regions were not recognized under any of the existing laws. But in 2002 an amendment was brought in Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 to include Sacred Grooves under the act. 

• Endemic to northeast India and Bhutan, golden langurs are one of the world's most endangered primates. In Assam, most of their population is outside protected areas. Long-term survival of populations depends on genetic exchange. However, much of the golden langur population occurs in fragmented forests.
• The takin, also called cattle chamois or gnu goat, is a large species of ungulate of the subfamily Caprinae found in the eastern Himalayas.
• The Himalayan black bear (Ursus thibetanus laniger) is a subspecies of the Asian black bear found in the Himalayas of India, Bhutan, Nepal, China and Pakistan.

All three rivers are tributaries of Brahmaputra 

Explanation:
The Godavari River is one of the major rivers in India and is known as the "Dakshina Ganga" or the "Ganges of the South". It is the second longest river in India after the Ganges and flows through the states of Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, and Odisha.
The tributaries of the Godavari River are rivers that flow into it and contribute to its water flow. The following are the tributaries of the Godavari River:
1. Vamsadhara: This river originates in the Eastern Ghats of Odisha and flows through the districts of Odisha and Andhra Pradesh before joining the Godavari River. It is a major tributary of the Godavari.
2. Indravati: This river originates in the Eastern Ghats of Odisha and flows through the states of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Maharashtra before joining the Godavari River. It is one of the longest tributaries of the Godavari.
3. Pranahita: This river is formed by the confluence of the Wardha and Wainganga rivers in Maharashtra. It flows through Telangana and Maharashtra before joining the Godavari River. It is a major tributary of the Godavari.
4. Pennar: This river originates in the Nandi Hills of Karnataka and flows through the states of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh before joining the Bay of Bengal. It is not a tributary of the Godavari and hence is not one of its tributaries.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D: 2 and 3 only.

North Andaman - Wet evergreen forest Middle
Andaman – Moist deciduous forest
Littoral and mangrove forests are also found in Andaman 

Namdapha National park is the largest protected area in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot in Arunachal Pradesh. The habitat changes wit hincreasing altitude from tropical moist forests to Montane forests, temperate forests and at the higher elevations to alpine meadows and perennial snow.

The Tropical Moist Deciduous are typical monsoon forests with teak and sal as dominant species.

Answer:
The pair of islands separated from each other by the "Ten-degree channel" is A: Andaman and Nicobar.
Explanation:
The Ten-degree channel is a narrow stretch of water located between the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal. It is named so because it lies approximately along the 10-degree latitude line.
To determine the correct answer, we need to evaluate each pair of islands and see if they are separated by the Ten-degree channel:
A: Andaman and Nicobar - These two groups of islands are separated by the Ten-degree channel.
B: Nicobar and Sumatra - These two groups of islands are not separated by the Ten-degree channel. They are located in different bodies of water, with Sumatra being part of Indonesia.
C: Maldives and Lakshadweep - These two groups of islands are not separated by the Ten-degree channel. They are located in the Arabian Sea, far away from the Bay of Bengal.
D: Sumatra and Java - These two islands are not separated by the Ten-degree channel. They are both part of Indonesia and are located in close proximity to each other, without the Ten-degree channel between them.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: Andaman and Nicobar.

Due to large depositional activity, Sundarban has no coral reefs.

Barak is one of the major rivers of south Assam which rises in Manipur and flows through Mizoram and Assam.

Sandalwood is a threatened species indigenous to South India and grows in the Western Ghats and a few other mountain ranges such as Kalrayan and Shevroy hills.