Spectrum Test: Quit India Movement, Demand For Pakistan, And INA - UPSC MCQ

• Government servants: Do not resign but declare your allegiance to the Congress. 

• Soldiers: Do not leave the Army but do not fire on compatriots. 

• Students: If confident, leave studies. 

• Peasants: If zamindars are anti-government, pay mutually agreed rent, and if zamindars are pro-government, do not pay rent. 

• Princes: Support the masses and accept the sovereignty of your people. 

• Princely states' people: Support the ruler only if he is anti-government and declare yourselves part of the Indian nation.

The Quit India Resolution was ratified at the Congress meeting at Gowalia Tank, Bombay, on August 8, 1942. The meeting also resolved to :

• demand an immediate end to British rule in India 

• declare a commitment to free India to defend itself against all types of Fascism and imperialism. 

• Form a provisional Government of India after British withdrawal. 

• Sanction a civil disobedience movement against British rule.

• Gandhi was named the leader of the struggle.

Proposed by Jawaharlal Nehru and seconded by Sardar Patel, it was approved by the All India Congress Committee meeting in Bombay in August. The Quit India Resolution was ratified at the Congress meeting at Gowalia Tank, Bombay, on August 8, 1942.

Parallel governments were established at many places :-

1. Ballia (in August 1942 for a week)—under Chittu Pandey. He got many Congress leaders released.
2. Tamluk (Midnapore, from December 1942 to September 1944)—which undertook cyclone relief work, sanctioned grants to schools, supplied paddy from the rich to the poor, organised Bidyut Bahinis etc.
3. Satara (mid-1943 to 1945)—named “Prati Sarkar”, was organised under leaders like Y.B. Chavan, Nana Patil, etc. Village libraries and Nyayadan Mandals were organised, prohibition campaigns were carried on and ‘Gandhi marriages’ were organised.

Satara (mid-1943 to 1945)—named “Prati Sarkar”, was organised under leaders like Y.B. Chavan, Nana Patil, etc. Village libraries and Nyayadan Mandals were organised, prohibition campaigns were carried on and ‘Gandhi marriages’ were organised.

During the Quit India Movement, there was no widespread violence against zamindars as such. However, there were some instances of violence against individual zamindars who were perceived to be collaborating with the British colonial authorities. The violence was not systematic and did not involve the targeting of zamindars as a group.
The Muslim League, which was then headed by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, did not actively participate in the Quit India Movement. Instead, it adopted a policy of "non-interference," which meant that it did not actively oppose the movement, but also did not support it. This was partly because the Muslim League was in favor of the British "Divide and Rule" policy, which aimed to create separate electorates for Muslims and Hindus and thereby weaken the nationalist movement.

The main points in the CR Plan were: 

• Muslim League to endorse Congress demand for independence. 

• League to cooperate with Congress in forming a provisional government at the centre. 

• After the end of the war, the entire population of Muslim majority areas in the North-West and North-East 

• India to decide by a plebiscite, whether or not to form a separate sovereign state. 

• In case of acceptance of partition, the agreement must be made jointly to safeguard defence, commerce, communications, etc. 

• The above terms to be operative only if England transferred full powers to India.

While the Congress was ready to cooperate with the League for the independence of the Indian Union, the League did not care for the independence of the Union. It was only interesting in a separate nation. Hindu leaders led by Vir Savarkar condemned the CR Plan