Test: Rights in The Indian Constitution- 2 - UPSC MCQ

A bill of rights prohibits the government from acting against the rights of the individuals and ensures a remedy in case there is a violation of these rights. From whom does a constitution protect the individual’s rights? Another person or private organisation may threaten the rights of a person. In such a situation, the individual would need the government’s protection. So, the government must be bound to protect the individual’s rights.

The Motilal Nehru Committee had demanded a bill of rights in 1928 as part of the Nehru Report. This report proposed constitutional reforms for India under British rule and included recommendations for:

• Fundamental rights
• Freedoms

The judiciary has the powers and responsibility to protect fundamental rights from violations by the government’s actions.

Executive and legislative actions can be declared illegal by the judiciary if these violate fundamental rights or restrict them in an unreasonable manner.

Preamble mentions two things about equality: equality of status and equality of opportunity. Equality of opportunity means that all sections of society enjoy equal opportunities.

The Judge, who is not part of the police, will decide whether the arrest is justified or not.

The government may impose restrictions in certain areas declaring the assembly of five or more persons as unlawful.

The right to freedom of religion is considered a fundamental aspect of democracy, which inherently protects individual freedoms. This principle ensures that citizens can practice their faith without fear of persecution or government interference.

This principle is enshrined in many democratic constitutions around the world, making it a hallmark of democratic governance.

Dr. Ambedkar considered the right to constitutional remedies as the heart and soul of the constitution.

Mandamus: this writ is issued when the court finds that a particular officeholder is not doing legal duty and thereby is infringing on the right of an individual.

Under this writ, the court orders a lower court or another authority to transfer a matter pending before it to the higher authority or court.

The government established in 1993 an institution, the national human rights commission.

The 42nd Amendment added ten Fundamental Duties to Article 51-A, making the total eighteen.

The correct answer is 1947 because, following India's independence in 1947, the government introduced laws that began to limit property rights, particularly through:

• Land reforms
• Constitutional amendments affecting property provisions

In 1978, the 44th amendment to the constitution removed the right to property from the list of fundamental rights and converted it into a simple legal right under article 300 a.