Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: It was not just the size of the country and the electorate that made this election unusual. The first general election was also the first big test of democracy in a poor and illiterate country. Reason: At that time there were 17 crores eligible voters, who had to elect about 3,200 MLAs and 489 Members of Lok Sabha. Yet, the elections were conducted successfully.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: The Indian National Congress was expected to lose this election. Reason: The Congress party, as it was popularly known, had inherited the legacy of the national movement.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: The roots of the extraordinary success of the Congress party go back to the legacy of the freedom struggle. Reason: This was similar to the dominance the African National Congress has enjoyed in South Africa after the end of apartheid.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: Congress accommodated the revolutionary and pacifist, conservative and radical, extremist and moderate and the right, left and all shades of the centre. Reason: All these members had differences in deciding the party policies and launching freedom struggle.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: This coalition-like character of the Congress gave it an unusual strength. Reason: Congress acted as an extremist as far as coalition politics is concerned and handled all the issues arbitrarily.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: The factions took different ideological positions making the Congress appear as a grand centrist party. Reason: The Bhartiya Jana Sangh called for a reunion of India and Pakistan in Akhand Bharat. The party was in forefront of the agitation to replace English with Hindi as the official language of India and was also opposed to the granting of concessions to religious and cultural minorities.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: Our leaders were conscious of the critical role of politics in any democracy. Reason: They did not see politics as a problem; they saw it as a way of solving the problems.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: The elections had to be postponed twice and finally held from October 1951 to February 1952. Reason: But this election is referred to as the 1951 election since most parts of the country voted in January 1951.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: What distinguished the dominance of the Congress party in India from all the other cases was it happened under democratic conditions. Reason: Many parties contested elections in conditions of free and fair elections and yet the Congress managed to win election after election.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: Congress evolved from its origins in 1785 as a pressure group for the newly educated, professional and commercial classes to a mass movement in the twentieth century. Reason: Thus the Congress began as a party dominated by the English speaking, upper caste, upper middle-class and urban elite.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: The Communists failed to generate popular support for their position and were crushed by the armed forces. Reason: This forced them to rethink their position. In 1951 the Communist Party abandoned the path of violent revolution and decided to participate in the approaching general elections.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: Assertion: The Bharatiya Jana Sangh was formed in 1986 with Shyama Prasad Mukherjee as its Founder-President. Reason: It emphasized the idea of one country, one culture and one nation and believed that the country could become modern, progressive and strong on the basis of Indian culture and traditions.

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

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