Assertion & Reason Test: Nationalism in India - 2 - Class 10 MCQ

Correct option is D. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Correct answer is : They were all Britishers.

• The Salt March, which took place from March to April 1930 in India, was an act of civil disobedience led by Mohandas Gandhi to protest British rule in India.

• During the march, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from his religious retreat near Ahmedabad to the Arabian Sea coast, a distance of some 240 miles.

(iii) Government of India Act, 1919: The Government of India Act 1919 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

(i) Coming of Simon Commission of India: The Indian Statutory Commission, commonly referred to as the Simon Commission after its chairman Sir John Allsebrook Simon, was sent to India in 1928 (February - March and October 1928 - April 1929) to study potential constitutional reform.

(ii) Demand of Purna Swaraj in Lahore Session of INC: In December 1929, under the Presidency of Jawaharlal Nehru, the Lahore Congress formalised the demand of 'Purna Swaraj' or full independence for India.

(iv) Satyagraha Movement in Kheda District (Gujarat): The Kheda Satyagraha of 1918 was a Satyagraha movement led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in the Kheda district of Gujarat, India, during the British Raj.

(iii) Satyagraha Movement in Ahmedabad: Gandhiji launched satyagraha at Ahmedabad in 1918. The strike in Ahmedabad took place in between January to march 1918. Ambalal Sarabhai’s sister Anasya Bhen is also associated with this satyagraha. The owner agreed on the 4th day of his fast.

(i) Rowlatt Act passed: The Rowlatt act was passed in the year 1919, named after its chairman Sir Sidney Rowlatt, which gave permission to the government to imprison any person living in British India without a trial and this imprisonment was set to be up to two years.

(ii) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay: Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay in 1882 wrote a novel Anandamath and introduced the hymn "Vande Mātaram", which soon became the song of the emerging freedom movement in India.

(iii) Rabindranath Tagore: Jana Gana Mana is the national anthem of India. It was originally composed as Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata in Bengali by polymath Rabindranath Tagore.

(iv) Natesa Sastri: In Madras, Natesa Sastri published a massive four-volume collection of Tamil folk tales, The Folklore of Southern India.

• General Dyer blocked all exit points, and opened fire on the peaceful crowd, killing hundreds. Gandhiji went on indefinite fast to stop the repression by the British. As a reaction, crowds took to the streets in many Indian towns, attacking the police and government buildings.

• The main objective of General Dyer behind the jallianwala Bagh massacre was to 'produce a moral effect', to create in the minds of satyagrahis a feeling of terror and awe.

• Khadi cloth was often more expensive than mass produced mill cloth and poor people could not afford to buy it.

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  The boycott of British institutions posed a problem.

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  For the movement to be successful, alternative Indian institutions had to be set up so that they could be used in place of the British ones.

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  These institutions were slow to come up. So students and teachers began trickling back to government schools and lawyers joined back work in government courts.