Test: Reproduction in Animals- 1 - UPSC MCQ

In human beings, a single matured egg is released into the oviduct by one of the ovaries every month.

Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction seen in unicellular organisms. In this method, first, the nucleus divides, followed by cytoplasmic division. This forms two daughter cells from one parent cell. Therefore, Paramecium dividing itself to form two daughter cells represents binary fission.

Budding is a mode of asexual reproduction in which a small outgrowth develop on body surface that enlarge and get separated from parent body. Budding takes place in hydra and yeast.

The head of the sperm contains the genetic material required for fertilisation. The tail aids in movement, and the middle piece provides energy.

• When a baby is growing inside its mother's tummy, it first starts as an embryo. This tiny baby-to-be has to grow and change a lot before it's ready to be born. As it grows, it becomes what is called a foetus. So, the statement is True because the embryo does develop into a foetus before the baby is born.

• Yes, the male reproductive organs in humans include a pair of testes, two sperm ducts, and a penis.
• The testes produce male gametes called sperms.
• Sperms are very small cells with a head, a middle piece, and a tail.
• There are millions of sperms produced by the testes.
• These reproductive parts work together to help in the process of reproduction.

Solution: The fusion of the male and the female gamete, i.e., the sperm and the ovum, is called fertilisation. This results in the formation of a single-celled zygote. After fertilisation, the zygote repeatedly divides to give rise to a ball of cells. This ball of cells eventually develops into the various types of cells and tissues in an organism.

• The statement is True. The uterus is like a special home inside a female body where a baby grows when a woman has a baby inside her tummy. It's a safe and cozy place for the baby to grow big and strong before being born. So, when we say the uterus is where the development of the baby takes place, that's right!

In asexual reproduction only one parent is involved. The new organism is identical to parent. No gametes formation takes place in asexual reproduction.

During mitosis, a single parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. The process of mitosis is divided into several stages, including prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During these stages, the chromosomes in the cell's nucleus are replicated and then separated into the two daughter cells, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information.