Olympiad Test Level 2: Technological Developments and Inventions- 2 - Class 7 MCQ

Organization that discovered Neon Gas in Moon's atmosphere: NASA
Detailed

• NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, is the organization that discovered the presence of Neon Gas in the Moon's atmosphere.


• Neon Gas was detected by NASA's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) spacecraft, which was launched in September 2013.


• The LADEE spacecraft carried an instrument called the Neutral Mass Spectrometer (NMS) that was specifically designed to analyze the composition of the Moon's thin exosphere.


• The NMS instrument detected the presence of Neon Gas in the exosphere, which is the outermost layer of the Moon's atmosphere.


• This discovery provided valuable insights into the composition and dynamics of the Moon's atmosphere and its interactions with the solar wind.


• It also contributed to our understanding of the processes that govern the evolution of planetary atmospheres.


• NASA's discovery of Neon Gas in the Moon's atmosphere has enhanced our knowledge of the Moon and its unique environment.

Pacemaker functions:
- A pacemaker is a small device that is surgically implanted in the chest or abdomen to help control abnormal heart rhythms.
- It is primarily meant for the initiation and regulation of the heartbeat.
- The pacemaker sends electrical impulses to the heart muscles, causing them to contract and maintain a regular rhythm.
- It helps to prevent slow heartbeats (bradycardia) and also helps to treat certain types of fast heart rhythms (tachycardia).
- The pacemaker can adjust heart rate according to the body's needs, such as during exercise or rest.
- It ensures that the heart beats at a normal rate, maintaining proper blood flow throughout the body.
- Pacemakers are often used to treat conditions such as sick sinus syndrome, heart block, and certain types of arrhythmias.
- Pacemakers are not used for transporting organs or transplanting hearts.

Science and Technology for Human Development.

He was Alexis St. Martin

Explanation:
Definition of Trimix:
Trimix is a breathing gas mixture that is commonly used in deep commercial diving. It is designed to reduce the risks associated with breathing at high pressures and depths. Trimix consists of three gases in specific proportions.
The three gases in Trimix:
The correct answer to this question is option C, which states that the three gases in Trimix are oxygen, helium, and nitrogen. Here is a detailed explanation of each gas:
1. Oxygen: Oxygen is an essential gas for breathing. It supports the body's metabolic functions and is present in the air we breathe. In Trimix, oxygen is included in a specific proportion to ensure the diver's body receives enough oxygen at depth.
2. Helium: Helium is a light, inert gas that is used in Trimix to replace some of the nitrogen. At high pressures and depths, nitrogen can become narcotic, causing a condition known as nitrogen narcosis. Helium helps to reduce the narcotic effect of nitrogen, making it safer for deep divers.
3. Nitrogen: Nitrogen is a gas that makes up the majority of the air we breathe. However, at high pressures and depths, nitrogen can become narcotic, impairing the diver's judgment and coordination. In Trimix, nitrogen is reduced by adding helium, making the breathing gas safer for deep diving.
Conclusion:
Trimix is a breathing gas mixture used in deep commercial diving. It consists of oxygen, helium, and nitrogen in specific proportions. The combination of these gases helps to reduce the risks associated with breathing at high pressures and depths.

The device is known as Crescograph

Answer:

The name of the robot invented by the Bristol Robotics Laboratory is EcoBot III. This robot has the unique ability to digest organic matter and use it as fuel, after which it excretes the waste. Here is a detailed explanation:

1. EcoBot III:

- The correct answer is option A, EcoBot III.
- EcoBot III is a robot developed by the Bristol Robotics Laboratory.
- It is specifically designed to generate energy by digesting organic matter.
- The robot uses microbial fuel cells to convert the organic matter into electricity.
- The waste produced by the robot after digestion is excreted as a solid pellet.

2. Features of EcoBot III:

- EcoBot III has a microbial fuel cell system that utilizes bacteria to break down organic matter.
- The bacteria produce electrons during the digestion process, generating electricity to power the robot.
- The robot is capable of finding and "eating" organic matter, such as insects or dead flies, for fuel.
- It can then extract energy from the organic matter through the microbial fuel cells.
- The waste produced by the digestion process is excreted as a solid pellet.
- This unique ability to digest organic matter for fuel makes EcoBot III an environmentally friendly robot.

3. Applications of EcoBot III:

- EcoBot III has potential applications in areas where organic waste is abundant, such as agricultural fields or sewage treatment plants.
- It can help in the sustainable management of organic waste by converting it into useful energy.
- The robot's ability to generate electricity from organic matter can be used to power other devices or sensors in remote or off-grid locations.
Overall, the Bristol Robotics Laboratory's invention, EcoBot III, showcases the potential of robots to utilize organic matter as a renewable energy source and contribute to a more sustainable future.

The Great Indian Scientist
Answer: D
Scientist: C.V. Raman
Background:
C.V. Raman was an Indian physicist who made significant contributions to the field of light scattering. Born on November 7, 1888, in Tiruchirappalli, India, Raman's groundbreaking work earned him numerous accolades and recognition throughout his career.
Knighthood and Nobel Prize:
In 1929, C.V. Raman was knighted by the British government for his remarkable scientific achievements. The following year, in 1930, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the scattering of light, famously known as the "Raman effect."
The Raman Effect:
C.V. Raman's Nobel Prize-winning work involved the observation of the change in the wavelength of light when it is deflected by molecules. This effect, known as the Raman effect, occurs when a light beam interacts with matter and undergoes a change in frequency.
Significance of the Raman Effect:
The Raman effect is crucial in the study of molecular composition and structure. It provides valuable insights into the vibrational and rotational modes of molecules, allowing scientists to analyze and identify various substances. This effect has widespread applications in fields such as chemistry, biology, medicine, and materials science.
Legacy:
C.V. Raman's contributions to the field of physics and his groundbreaking discovery of the Raman effect have left an indelible mark on scientific research. His work continues to inspire and influence scientists worldwide, and he remains one of India's most celebrated and respected scientists.
Conclusion:
C.V. Raman, the Indian scientist who was knighted in 1929 and won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930 for his observations on the change in wavelength of light that occurs when a light beam is deflected by molecules, is a true pioneer in the field of physics. His discovery of the Raman effect has revolutionized scientific research and has had far-reaching implications in various disciplines.