Test: World History- 2 - Class 5 MCQ

Reasons for the Cold War between USA and USSR:
1. Ideological Difference:
- The main reason for the Cold War between the USA and the USSR was the fundamental ideological differences between the two superpowers.
- The USA promoted capitalism and democracy, emphasizing individual freedom and free markets.
- The USSR, on the other hand, promoted communism and a planned economy, emphasizing collective ownership and state control.
- These opposing ideologies led to a clash of interests and formed the basis of the Cold War.
2. Political Difference:
- The political differences between the USA and the USSR also played a significant role in the Cold War.
- The USA was a democratic nation with a multi-party system, while the USSR was a one-party communist state.
- The USA advocated for the spread of democracy and the containment of communism, leading to conflicts with the USSR's expansionist policies.
- The political differences further intensified the tensions between the two superpowers.
3. Economic Difference:
- Economic differences were another contributing factor to the Cold War.
- The USA was a capitalist nation with a strong emphasis on free markets and private ownership.
- The USSR, on the other hand, had a centrally planned economy with state control over the means of production.
- The economic systems of both countries clashed, leading to competition and rivalry in various spheres, including trade and technology.
4. All of these:
- In conclusion, all of the above factors - ideological differences, political differences, and economic differences - contributed to the Cold War between the USA and the USSR.
- These differences created a state of tension and hostility, leading to an arms race, proxy wars, and a divided world into two competing blocs.
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The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT, is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament.

Appar - was a seventh-century Śaiva Tamil poet-saint, one of the most prominent of the sixty-three Nayanars.
Basavanna - was a 12th-century Lingayat philosopher, statesman, Kannada poet in the Niraakaara Shiva-focussed Bhakti movement and a social reformer.
Lal Ded - born in 1320 was a Kashmiri mystic of the Kashmir Shaivism school of philosophy.
Mira Bai - born in 1498 was a Hindu mystic poet and devotee of Krishna.

The First Continental Congress was a meeting of delegates from twelve of the Thirteen Colonies who met from September 5 to October 26, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, early in the American Revolution. The twelve colonies which attended it were New Hampshire, Rhode Island, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia.
It was called in response to the Intolerable Acts passed by the British Parliament, which the British referred to as the Coercive Acts, with which the British intended to punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party.

A piece of woven cotton has been recovered from Mohenjo-Daro, gives evidence to the cotton cultivation of that time. The Indus people produced wheat, barley, ragi etc. They produced two types of wheat and barley. A good quantity of barley has been discovered at Banawali. But there was not enough evidence to show that pulses have been cultivated extensively by the Harappans. 

A series of meetings in Vienna from 1814 to 1815 to provide a long-term peace plan for Europe by settling critical issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. This is called Congress of Vienna. It was held with an objective of a collective security and stability for the entire continent. Russia, Austria, Britain and Prussia were the Big Four in the meetings.

The Stamp Act Congress was held in New York in October 1765. The Stamp Act was a British parliamentary attempt to raise revenue through direct taxation of all colonial commercial and legal papers, newspapers, pamphlets, cards, almanacs, and dice.This led to the Stamp Act Congress which was the first gathering of elected representatives from nine colonies to protest against the new taxation.

Svetasvatara Upanishad is an ancient Sanskrit text embedded in the Yajurveda. In this Upanishad Siva or Rudra is declared to be the creator, preserver and destroyer of the world. It is a foundational text of the philosophy of Shaivism, as well as the Yoga and Vedanta schools of Hinduism.

Lingayat worship is centered on Lord Shiva in his iconic form of 'ishtalinga'. Lingayatism or Veerashaivism is considered as a Shaivite religious sect inside Hinduism. It was founded by the philosopher Basava in the 12th century and spread by his followers, who are known as 'Sharanas'.

'Pir Roshan' or the 'Enlightened teacher', whose original name was Bayazid Ansari, was considered to be the founder of the 16th century Roshaniya Sufi sect. He is credited with writing the first book in the Pashto language; Khair-Ul-Bayan. This Roshaniya order was very prominent among the tribes of North-West India and Afghanistan. 

Among those who were most critical of the existing social order and made a strong plea for Hindu-Muslim unity, the names of Kabir and Nanak stand out. Kabir strongly denounced the Idol-worship, pilgrimages, bathing in the holy rivers or taking part in formal worship, such as Namaz. He was opposed to all kinds of discrimination between human beings. He worshipped the Nirguna form of God whom he calls by several names such as Rama, Allah, Hari, Sain, Sahib, etc. So all the statements are true about Kabir.

Ramanujacharya who born in Sriperumbudur founded the Visistadvaita Siddhanta or qualified monism. Madhavacharya propounded the school of Dvaita or Dualism. Vallabhacharya, born in Varanasi, initiated the Sudhadvaita Vedanta or Pure non-Dualism. But the philosophy of Advaita Vedanta or Strict Monism was propounded by Sri Sankaracharya born in Kaladi,  Kerala. So the wrongly matched pair is C.

Gita Govinda was written by famous poet Jayadeva. Gita Govinda first introduced erotic mysticism in the North, giving, prominence to Radha's love for Krishna. The book is a twelfth-century work containing twelve chapters.

The book called Vedanta Samgraha was one of the important works of Ramanujacharya. It gives a comprehensive and synoptic interpretation of the deepest insights of the Upanishads and embodies the first principles of the Indian philosophy. Sri Ramanuja was the founder of the Visistavada SIddhanta. 

Sankaracharya was born in Kaladi, Kerala and he propounded the Advaita Vedanta philosophy (strict monism). According to him, there are various levels of truth: on the everyday level, the world was produced by Brahma. But on the highest level of truth, the whole universe, along with the Gods is Maya (illusion). The only ultimate reality was Brahman, the impersonal world soul, who is one without a second.