Important Questions Test: Diversity & Discrimination - UPSC MCQ

• Poverty: One of the main reasons why Muslim girls do not attend school or drop out is poverty. Families living in poverty may prioritize the education of boys over girls due to financial constraints. This can lead to girls being kept at home to help with household chores or being married off at a young age.


• Superstition: In some communities, superstitions and cultural beliefs may prevent parents from sending their daughters to school. Some believe that education is not necessary for girls or that they should only focus on domestic duties.


• Lack of willingness to go to school: Some Muslim girls may not attend school due to a lack of willingness or interest in education. This could be influenced by societal norms that devalue girls' education or limit their opportunities for personal growth.

Overall, poverty remains a significant barrier to education for many Muslim girls, as it impacts access to resources, opportunities, and support for their schooling.

"More than 50% of all Indians live in villages," which means that over half of the Indian population resides in rural areas or villages acc. to ncert textbook.

• Teaching: The primary role of a teacher in a school is to impart knowledge and skills to students through various teaching methods and strategies.



• Planning: Teachers plan lessons, activities, and assessments to ensure that students are learning and meeting educational standards.



• Assessment: Teachers assess student learning through tests, quizzes, projects, and other forms of evaluation to track progress and provide feedback.



• Classroom Management: Teachers create a positive learning environment by managing student behavior, maintaining discipline, and promoting a sense of community in the classroom.



• Supporting Students: Teachers support students academically, emotionally, and socially by providing guidance, encouragement, and resources to help them succeed.



• Collaboration: Teachers work with colleagues, parents, and other stakeholders to ensure the success of their students and contribute to the overall school community.



• Professional Development: Teachers continuously engage in professional development activities to enhance their teaching skills, stay current with educational trends, and improve student outcomes.

• Mahar Community: The Mahar community was treated as untouchables in the Bombay Presidency during the colonial period.


• Untouchability: Untouchability was a practice in the Indian society where certain communities were considered impure and were segregated from the rest of the society.


• Discrimination: The Mahar community faced discrimination in various aspects of life including social, economic, and political spheres.


• Social Status: They were not allowed to enter temples, schools, and other public places. They were also not allowed to draw water from the same well as higher caste people.


• Reform Movements: The discrimination faced by the Mahar community led to the rise of social reform movements by leaders like Dr. B.R. Ambedkar who fought for the rights of the untouchables.


• Legislation: The practice of untouchability was later abolished in the Constitution of India and various laws were enacted to protect the rights of the marginalized communities.

• Discrimination: When people act on their prejudice or stereotypes, it can lead to discrimination against certain groups or individuals. This can manifest in various forms such as exclusion, unfair treatment, or even violence.



• Division: Acting on prejudice or stereotypes can create division among people and communities. It can lead to segregation, polarization, and conflict, ultimately hindering unity and social cohesion.



• Impact on Mental Health: Both the perpetrators and the targets of discrimination can experience negative effects on their mental health. Discrimination can lead to feelings of inferiority, anger, anxiety, and depression.



• Reinforcement of Stereotypes: Acting on prejudice or stereotypes can reinforce existing stereotypes and perpetuate harmful beliefs. This can create a cycle of prejudice that is difficult to break.



• Legal Consequences: Discriminatory actions based on prejudice or stereotypes can have legal implications. Laws exist in many countries to protect individuals from discrimination, and those who engage in discriminatory behavior may face legal consequences.

• Prejudice: Prejudice refers to judging other people negatively or seeing them as inferior without any valid reason or evidence. It involves forming opinions or stereotypes about individuals or groups based on limited information or preconceived notions.


• Post judice: This term is not relevant to the context provided and does not have a specific meaning related to judging others negatively.


• Judice: This term does not have a commonly recognized definition related to negative judgment or seeing others as inferior.


• None of these: This option is incorrect as the correct term for judging others negatively is "prejudice."

Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option C: Prejudice, as it accurately describes the act of forming negative judgments about others without justification.

• People's Religious Beliefs: Prejudice can occur based on an individual's religious beliefs. People may stereotype or discriminate against others because of their faith or lack thereof.


• The Colour of People's Skin: Racism is a form of prejudice based on skin color. People may hold discriminatory attitudes towards individuals of different races or ethnicities.


• The Region They Come From: Prejudice can also be directed towards individuals based on the region they come from. Stereotypes about people from certain regions can lead to discrimination and bias.

• Prejudice is a learned attitude that involves preconceived ideas and beliefs about individuals or groups.


• It often stems from stereotypes, ignorance, fear, or a lack of exposure to diversity.


• Prejudice can manifest in various forms, including discrimination, bias, and intolerance.

• Prejudice can have harmful effects on individuals and communities, leading to social inequalities and injustices.


• It can result in exclusion, marginalization, and violence against targeted groups.


• Addressing prejudice requires education, awareness, empathy, and a commitment to promoting equality and diversity.

• When they are angry: Both boys and girls cry when they are feeling overwhelmed with anger. It is a natural emotional response to express their frustration.


• When they feel pain: Physical pain can trigger tears in both boys and girls. It is a way for the body to release stress and communicate the need for help.


• When someone teases them: Emotional pain, such as being teased or bullied, can also lead to crying. It is a way for children to express their hurt and seek comfort from others.


• All of these: Overall, boys and girls cry in response to a variety of emotions and experiences. It is a natural and healthy way for them to process and express their feelings.

• Term for Disabled Person: The correct term to use for a disabled person is "Physically Challenged person." This term is more respectful and acknowledges the challenges that individuals with disabilities may face.


• Geneous: This term is incorrect and not commonly used to refer to a disabled person.


• Ordinary: This term does not specifically address the unique challenges and experiences of disabled individuals.


• None of these: This option is incorrect as the appropriate term for a disabled person is "Physically Challenged person."

• Portuguese: The sea route to India was discovered by the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama in 1498. He was the first European to successfully sail around the Cape of Good Hope and reach India by sea.

• Ibn Batuta: Ibn Batuta, a Moroccan explorer, traveled to Kerala a little less than seven hundred years ago.


• Timeline: Ibn Batuta visited Kerala in the early 14th century, around 1342.


• Exploration: Ibn Batuta traveled extensively throughout the Islamic world and beyond, covering around 75,000 miles in his lifetime.


• Recorded Journey: His travels were documented in his work called "Rihla" (The Journey), providing valuable insights into the societies, cultures, and politics of the regions he visited.


• Legacy: Ibn Batuta's travelogue remains an important historical source for scholars studying the medieval world.

• Diversity: India is known for its linguistic diversity with a vast number of languages spoken across the country.


• Official Languages: India recognizes 22 languages as scheduled languages, including Hindi, Bengali, Tamil, Telugu, and others.


• Regional Languages: Apart from the scheduled languages, there are numerous regional languages spoken in different states and regions.


• More than 1600 Languages: It is estimated that India is home to more than 1600 languages, making it one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world.


• Language Families: These languages belong to different language families, including Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Austroasiatic, Tibeto-Burman, and others.


• Significance: The diversity of languages in India reflects the rich cultural heritage and history of the country.

Therefore, the correct answer is More than 1600 languages are spoken in India.

The correct answer is 4. Different choice.

While discrimination based on religion, language, and gender are common and serious issues, having different choices (such as personal preferences, hobbies, etc.) should not be a reason for discrimination. Discrimination based on different choices is not considered appropriate or justifiable.

Ladakh is a cold desert. It is located in the Eastern part of Jammu and Kashmir.

• Common Stereotype: The stereotype that Muslims are not interested in educating girls and therefore do not send them to school is prevalent in many societies.


• Roots of Stereotype: This stereotype may stem from cultural practices in certain regions where girls' education is not prioritized.


• Reality: In reality, Islam actually emphasizes the importance of education for both boys and girls.


• Examples: There are many Muslim-majority countries where girls receive education and pursue higher studies.


• Challenging Stereotypes: It is important to challenge such stereotypes and recognize the diversity within Muslim communities regarding education for girls.

The lower castes use the term Dalit to address themselves. The government uses the term Scheduled Castes (SC) to refer to this community.

• Negative aspect in a social set up: Discrimination is a negative aspect in a social set up that involves treating individuals or groups differently based on characteristics such as race, gender, age, or socioeconomic status. This can lead to inequality and unfair treatment within society.


• Impact of discrimination: Discrimination can have harmful effects on individuals and communities, leading to feelings of exclusion, marginalization, and reduced opportunities for those who are targeted.


• Legal implications: Discrimination is often illegal and goes against principles of equality and human rights. Laws and policies are in place to protect individuals from discrimination in various settings such as employment, education, and housing.


• Promoting diversity and inclusion: To combat discrimination, it is important to promote diversity and inclusion within society. This involves recognizing and valuing the differences among individuals and creating a more equitable and respectful environment for all.

• Rajendra Prasad: Rajendra Prasad was the first President of India, but he did not deliver the speech on the eve of independence.


• M.K.Gandhi: Mahatma Gandhi, also known as the Father of the Nation, played a significant role in India's independence movement, but he did not deliver the speech on the eve of independence.


• Indira Gandhi: Indira Gandhi was the first female Prime Minister of India, but she did not deliver the speech on the eve of independence.


• Pt. Nehru: Jawaharlal Nehru, also known as Pandit Nehru, delivered the famous speech on the eve of India's independence on August 14, 1947. He addressed the nation from the ramparts of the Red Fort in Delhi, emphasizing the significance of the moment and outlining the vision for the newly independent India.

• Jawaharlal Nehru delivered the speech on the eve of independence, marking a historic moment in India's journey towards freedom and self-governance.

• Mumbai: Mumbai is a large and densely populated city with significant distances between residential areas and schools. Due to the urban sprawl and traffic congestion, students may have to travel long distances to reach their schools.


• Rajasthan: Rajasthan is a vast state with many rural areas where schools are located far from residential areas. Students in rural Rajasthan may have to travel long distances to reach their schools.


• Kerala: Kerala is a small state with a high population density. The state has a well-developed network of schools, and due to its compact size, students in Kerala generally have less distance to travel between home and school compared to larger states like Maharashtra or Rajasthan.


• All of these: While all states have varying levels of distance between home and school, Kerala stands out for its relatively shorter distances due to its small size and well-connected infrastructure.

• Constitutional Perspective: Untouchability was considered a crime in the Constitution of India.


• Abolishment: The practice of untouchability was abolished by the Constitution to promote equality and social justice.


• Legal Consequences: Any form of discrimination based on untouchability is punishable by law in India.


• Social Impact: The eradication of untouchability has been crucial in building a more inclusive society in India.