Languages: Mock Test - 7 - Class 11 MCQ

Match the following -

Direction: Change the following sentence into a negative sentence.

He is too weak to walk.

Read the following passage and answer the question that follows by choosing the correct option:

The Entertaining Speech -

There was no respect for youth when I was young,

and now that I am old there is no respect for age.

I missed it coming and going.

- J. B. Priestley

Unlike the Persuasive Speech, which changes mindsets, and the informative Speech, which transfers knowledge, an Entertaining speech makes the speaker and the listener feel good about life and themselves. An Entertaining Speech is light, fun and gracious. Speeches in the form of toasts, roasts, stand-ups, and after- dinner chats are examples of entertaining speeches. An Entertaining Speech sells or promotes happiness and gratitude. Still, as speeches go, the Entertaining Speech needs a good opening, a good closing, and a fun-filled relevant middle. The closing need not be a summary or a call for action, but it needs to end on a high and happy note.

The elements of an entertaining speech are:

• Several humorous anecdotes about the characters involved
• Dialogues between characters
• A "flip" look at serious things
• Preferably spoken in the first person and told in the present tense
• Ideas and suggestions in the speech should be quick on the set-up and quicker on the punch
• Several voice modulations should be part of the delivery style
• It should not be very long

The speaker also needs to open up and get close to the audience mentally, physically, and emotionally.

The key elements of an Entertaining Speech are:-

A. It is not time bound, it can go on forever

B. It needs a good opening with anecdotes

C. It should be a third person account

D. It is effective when presented in the first person account and in the present tense

E. It is knowledge based

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

There's been an incredible outpouring of grief across Canada since Ukraine International Airlines Flight PS752 was shot down by Iran, killing all 176 passengers and crew on board.

We have learned that among the 57 Canadians killed, there were beloved students, professors, doctors and engineers. Children, newlyweds and entire families perished. Many of them have been described by Canadian news media and leaders as "exceptional." They belonged to Canada's vibrant Iranian communities and are being remembered as such in tributes and memorial services across the nation.

I've spent more than a dozen years researching public memory of another air disaster that resulted in an even greater number of Canadian casualties-the Air India tragedy.

Indeed, news of PS752 is triggering memories of June 23, 1985, when Air India Flight 182 fell into the Atlantic Ocean near Cork, Ireland, after a bomb hidden in the luggage exploded. All 329 passengers and crew on board that flight were killed. Among them were 280 Canadians, the majority from Indian-Canadian families, as reported by the official inquiry by Public Safety Canada.

Winnipeg resident Nicky Mehta was 13 at the time that her uncle, aunt and two young cousins were killed on the Air India flight. On the day after Flight PS752 crashed, she woke up to an abbreviated list of "deadly plane crashes that killed Canadians" published in the Winnipeg Free Press that did not include Air India. "I felt gutted," she told me. "It was re-traumatising to see that Air India was not even worth a mention here." The article has since been removed.

Back in 1985, there was no collective outpouring of grief or statement of national solidarity for the victims of Air India Flight 182. Were these victims not "exceptional" enough? In fact, they too were beloved students, professors, doctors and engineers, as well as homemakers, teachers, civil servants and more.

Notoriously, Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney offered his condolences to Prime Minister of India Rajiv Gandhi for India's loss instead of addressing his own citizens.

It is clear that for many Canadians (not just Mulroney) the Air India bombing was unthinkable-and thus unmemorable-as a tragedy of national consequence due to the dominant assumption that Canadian identity is synonymous with whiteness. Indeed, critics, as well as relatives of the dead, have raised the obvious question: would there have been such trouble recognising the bombing as a national tragedy if the majority of those killed were white rather than brown Canadians?

Q. Which of the following best describes the word "retraumatizing" in the context of the passage?

There's been an incredible outpouring of grief across Canada since Ukraine International Airlines Flight PS752 was shot down by Iran, killing all 176 passengers and crew on board.

We have learned that among the 57 Canadians killed, there were beloved students, professors, doctors and engineers. Children, newlyweds and entire families perished. Many of them have been described by Canadian news media and leaders as "exceptional." They belonged to Canada's vibrant Iranian communities and are being remembered as such in tributes and memorial services across the nation.

I've spent more than a dozen years researching public memory of another air disaster that resulted in an even greater number of Canadian casualties-the Air India tragedy.

Indeed, news of PS752 is triggering memories of June 23, 1985, when Air India Flight 182 fell into the Atlantic Ocean near Cork, Ireland, after a bomb hidden in the luggage exploded. All 329 passengers and crew on board that flight were killed. Among them were 280 Canadians, the majority from Indian-Canadian families, as reported by the official inquiry by Public Safety Canada.

Winnipeg resident Nicky Mehta was 13 at the time that her uncle, aunt and two young cousins were killed on the Air India flight. On the day after Flight PS752 crashed, she woke up to an abbreviated list of "deadly plane crashes that killed Canadians" published in the Winnipeg Free Press that did not include Air India. "I felt gutted," she told me. "It was re-traumatising to see that Air India was not even worth a mention here." The article has since been removed.

Back in 1985, there was no collective outpouring of grief or statement of national solidarity for the victims of Air India Flight 182. Were these victims not "exceptional" enough? In fact, they too were beloved students, professors, doctors and engineers, as well as homemakers, teachers, civil servants and more.

Notoriously, Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney offered his condolences to Prime Minister of India Rajiv Gandhi for India's loss instead of addressing his own citizens.

It is clear that for many Canadians (not just Mulroney) the Air India bombing was unthinkable-and thus unmemorable-as a tragedy of national consequence due to the dominant assumption that Canadian identity is synonymous with whiteness. Indeed, critics, as well as relatives of the dead, have raised the obvious question: would there have been such trouble recognising the bombing as a national tragedy if the majority of those killed were white rather than brown Canadians?

Q. What is the most likely reason as to why the author used the word "notoriously" in the seventh paragraph?

There's been an incredible outpouring of grief across Canada since Ukraine International Airlines Flight PS752 was shot down by Iran, killing all 176 passengers and crew on board.

We have learned that among the 57 Canadians killed, there were beloved students, professors, doctors and engineers. Children, newlyweds and entire families perished. Many of them have been described by Canadian news media and leaders as "exceptional." They belonged to Canada's vibrant Iranian communities and are being remembered as such in tributes and memorial services across the nation.

I've spent more than a dozen years researching public memory of another air disaster that resulted in an even greater number of Canadian casualties-the Air India tragedy.

Indeed, news of PS752 is triggering memories of June 23, 1985, when Air India Flight 182 fell into the Atlantic Ocean near Cork, Ireland, after a bomb hidden in the luggage exploded. All 329 passengers and crew on board that flight were killed. Among them were 280 Canadians, the majority from Indian-Canadian families, as reported by the official inquiry by Public Safety Canada.

Winnipeg resident Nicky Mehta was 13 at the time that her uncle, aunt and two young cousins were killed on the Air India flight. On the day after Flight PS752 crashed, she woke up to an abbreviated list of "deadly plane crashes that killed Canadians" published in the Winnipeg Free Press that did not include Air India. "I felt gutted," she told me. "It was re-traumatising to see that Air India was not even worth a mention here." The article has since been removed.

Back in 1985, there was no collective outpouring of grief or statement of national solidarity for the victims of Air India Flight 182. Were these victims not "exceptional" enough? In fact, they too were beloved students, professors, doctors and engineers, as well as homemakers, teachers, civil servants and more.

Notoriously, Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney offered his condolences to Prime Minister of India Rajiv Gandhi for India's loss instead of addressing his own citizens.

It is clear that for many Canadians (not just Mulroney) the Air India bombing was unthinkable-and thus unmemorable-as a tragedy of national consequence due to the dominant assumption that Canadian identity is synonymous with whiteness. Indeed, critics, as well as relatives of the dead, have raised the obvious question: would there have been such trouble recognising the bombing as a national tragedy if the majority of those killed were white rather than brown Canadians?

Q. What is the significance of the number 280 in the overall context of the passage?

INDIA-PAKISTAN relations have witnessed a series of lows since the January 2016 Pathankot terror attack, which had happened barely a week after PM Narendra Modi made a surprise stopover in Lahore to extend birthday wishes to then premier Nawaz Sharif. The ties deteriorated so sharply last year after the Pulwama terror attack and the Balakot airstrikes that India did not even invite Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan to Modi's swearing-in, even as Sharif had attended the ceremony when the NDA-I government took charge in 2014. The abrogation of Article 370 and the enactment of the Citizenship Amendment Act have further riled the neighbour. Amid the prolonged chill, the prospect of a thaw has emerged, with India deciding to invite Imran Khan for the annual meeting of the council of heads of government of the China-dominated Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) later this year. While the SCO charter stipulates that the host can't leave out any member country, India has the opportunity to use the international platform to re-engage with Pakistan.

Once the invitation is extended, the onus will be on Imran to be present himself to reciprocate the diplomatic overture or send one of his ministers.

Q. Which of the following can be inferred from the line "Amid the prolonged chill, the prospect of a thaw has emerged"?

INDIA-PAKISTAN relations have witnessed a series of lows since the January 2016 Pathankot terror attack, which had happened barely a week after PM Narendra Modi made a surprise stopover in Lahore to extend birthday wishes to then premier Nawaz Sharif. The ties deteriorated so sharply last year after the Pulwama terror attack and the Balakot airstrikes that India did not even invite Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan to Modi's swearing-in, even as Sharif had attended the ceremony when the NDA-I government took charge in 2014. The abrogation of Article 370 and the enactment of the Citizenship Amendment Act have further riled the neighbour. Amid the prolonged chill, the prospect of a thaw has emerged, with India deciding to invite Imran Khan for the annual meeting of the council of heads of government of the China-dominated Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) later this year. While the SCO charter stipulates that the host can't leave out any member country, India has the opportunity to use the international platform to re-engage with Pakistan.

Once the invitation is extended, the onus will be on Imran to be present himself to reciprocate the diplomatic overture or send one of his ministers.

Q. Which of the following, based on the author's arguments, would be the best approach for Imran Khan?

INDIA-PAKISTAN relations have witnessed a series of lows since the January 2016 Pathankot terror attack, which had happened barely a week after PM Narendra Modi made a surprise stopover in Lahore to extend birthday wishes to then premier Nawaz Sharif. The ties deteriorated so sharply last year after the Pulwama terror attack and the Balakot airstrikes that India did not even invite Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan to Modi's swearing-in, even as Sharif had attended the ceremony when the NDA-I government took charge in 2014. The abrogation of Article 370 and the enactment of the Citizenship Amendment Act have further riled the neighbour. Amid the prolonged chill, the prospect of a thaw has emerged, with India deciding to invite Imran Khan for the annual meeting of the council of heads of government of the China-dominated Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) later this year. While the SCO charter stipulates that the host can't leave out any member country, India has the opportunity to use the international platform to re-engage with Pakistan.

Once the invitation is extended, the onus will be on Imran to be present himself to reciprocate the diplomatic overture or send one of his ministers.

Q. According to paragraph, why has India invited Pakistan to the SCO summit?

INDIA-PAKISTAN relations have witnessed a series of lows since the January 2016 Pathankot terror attack, which had happened barely a week after PM Narendra Modi made a surprise stopover in Lahore to extend birthday wishes to then premier Nawaz Sharif. The ties deteriorated so sharply last year after the Pulwama terror attack and the Balakot airstrikes that India did not even invite Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan to Modi's swearing-in, even as Sharif had attended the ceremony when the NDA-I government took charge in 2014. The abrogation of Article 370 and the enactment of the Citizenship Amendment Act have further riled the neighbour. Amid the prolonged chill, the prospect of a thaw has emerged, with India deciding to invite Imran Khan for the annual meeting of the council of heads of government of the China-dominated Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) later this year. While the SCO charter stipulates that the host can't leave out any member country, India has the opportunity to use the international platform to re-engage with Pakistan.

Once the invitation is extended, the onus will be on Imran to be present himself to reciprocate the diplomatic overture or send one of his ministers.

Q. What can be inferred from the statement "PM Narendra Modi made a surprise stopover in Lahore to extend birthday wishes to then premier Nawaz Sharif".

INDIA-PAKISTAN relations have witnessed a series of lows since the January 2016 Pathankot terror attack, which had happened barely a week after PM Narendra Modi made a surprise stopover in Lahore to extend birthday wishes to then premier Nawaz Sharif. The ties deteriorated so sharply last year after the Pulwama terror attack and the Balakot airstrikes that India did not even invite Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan to Modi's swearing-in, even as Sharif had attended the ceremony when the NDA-I government took charge in 2014. The abrogation of Article 370 and the enactment of the Citizenship Amendment Act have further riled the neighbour. Amid the prolonged chill, the prospect of a thaw has emerged, with India deciding to invite Imran Khan for the annual meeting of the council of heads of government of the China-dominated Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) later this year. While the SCO charter stipulates that the host can't leave out any member country, India has the opportunity to use the international platform to re-engage with Pakistan.

Once the invitation is extended, the onus will be on Imran to be present himself to reciprocate the diplomatic overture or send one of his ministers.

Q. According to the passage, what was the effect of abrogation of Article 370?

The eye-popping bids in the current auction of wireless frequencies by the Federal Communications Commission are a testament to soaring demand for mobile Internet service. As of last week, bids in the auction exceeded $38 billion, far more than the $10.5 billion reserve price set by the F.C.C. These frequencies, also known as spectrum, are needed to expand cellular networks so they can carry more phone calls and data.

The superheated bidding provides fresh evidence that the telecommunications industry is thriving despite protests by executives at companies like Verizon and AT&T that they are being stymied by regulation. Phone companies are upset that President Obama recently called for strong rules that would prohibit telecom companies, including wireless businesses, from creating fast and slow lanes on the Internet. His proposal needs to be approved by the F.C.C., an independent agency that is not obliged to do what Mr. Obama wants but that in this case should follow his direction.

Telecom executives have said that such rules would reduce their incentive to invest, presumably because their potential profits would be reduced by any regulation that prevented them from charging fees to big web businesses to deliver some content to consumers faster than other information. But the companies can't be all that worried if they are willing to spend billions of dollars on wireless frequencies.

Some of the money raised in the auction will be used to pay for a $7 billion communications network called FirstNet, for police, fire and other public safety agencies, a network Congress authorized in 2012. The rest of the money will go to the Treasury and help reduce the federal deficit.

Few people expected that the bids would go this high for spectrum that most analysts say is less optimal for carrying wireless phone signals than other, lower frequency airwaves that more easily penetrate buildings.

A separate auction that is expected to be held in 2021 will include more highly valued airwaves that are used by television broadcasters. A portion of the money bid by telecom companies in that auction will be used to pay TV stations that agree to give up some or all of the frequencies they are using.

The auction of TV airwaves was originally expected to take place next year but has been delayed because of disagreements among broadcasters, telecom companies and regulators about how it should be carried out. There are billions of dollars at stake for television stations and phone companies. The high bids in the current auction should encourage them to resolve their differences and avoid further delays. They all have too much to gain from a successful auction.

Americans are increasingly dependent on their cellphones - 63 percent of Americans used their phones to go online in 2013, up from 31 percent in 2009, according to the Pew Research Center. That helps explain why wireless frequencies are becoming more valuable and why the government should make sure spectrum is used efficiently.

Q. The author primarily uses the data regarding the high bidding price of spectrum to:

The eye-popping bids in the current auction of wireless frequencies by the Federal Communications Commission are a testament to soaring demand for mobile Internet service. As of last week, bids in the auction exceeded $38 billion, far more than the $10.5 billion reserve price set by the F.C.C. These frequencies, also known as spectrum, are needed to expand cellular networks so they can carry more phone calls and data.

The superheated bidding provides fresh evidence that the telecommunications industry is thriving despite protests by executives at companies like Verizon and AT&T that they are being stymied by regulation. Phone companies are upset that President Obama recently called for strong rules that would prohibit telecom companies, including wireless businesses, from creating fast and slow lanes on the Internet. His proposal needs to be approved by the F.C.C., an independent agency that is not obliged to do what Mr. Obama wants but that in this case should follow his direction.

Telecom executives have said that such rules would reduce their incentive to invest, presumably because their potential profits would be reduced by any regulation that prevented them from charging fees to big web businesses to deliver some content to consumers faster than other information. But the companies can't be all that worried if they are willing to spend billions of dollars on wireless frequencies.

Some of the money raised in the auction will be used to pay for a $7 billion communications network called FirstNet, for police, fire and other public safety agencies, a network Congress authorized in 2012. The rest of the money will go to the Treasury and help reduce the federal deficit.

Few people expected that the bids would go this high for spectrum that most analysts say is less optimal for carrying wireless phone signals than other, lower frequency airwaves that more easily penetrate buildings.

A separate auction that is expected to be held in 2021 will include more highly valued airwaves that are used by television broadcasters. A portion of the money bid by telecom companies in that auction will be used to pay TV stations that agree to give up some or all of the frequencies they are using.

The auction of TV airwaves was originally expected to take place next year but has been delayed because of disagreements among broadcasters, telecom companies and regulators about how it should be carried out. There are billions of dollars at stake for television stations and phone companies. The high bids in the current auction should encourage them to resolve their differences and avoid further delays. They all have too much to gain from a successful auction.

Americans are increasingly dependent on their cellphones - 63 percent of Americans used their phones to go online in 2013, up from 31 percent in 2009, according to the Pew Research Center. That helps explain why wireless frequencies are becoming more valuable and why the government should make sure spectrum is used efficiently.

Q. The author of the passage is likely to be:

The eye-popping bids in the current auction of wireless frequencies by the Federal Communications Commission are a testament to soaring demand for mobile Internet service. As of last week, bids in the auction exceeded $38 billion, far more than the $10.5 billion reserve price set by the F.C.C. These frequencies, also known as spectrum, are needed to expand cellular networks so they can carry more phone calls and data.

The superheated bidding provides fresh evidence that the telecommunications industry is thriving despite protests by executives at companies like Verizon and AT&T that they are being stymied by regulation. Phone companies are upset that President Obama recently called for strong rules that would prohibit telecom companies, including wireless businesses, from creating fast and slow lanes on the Internet. His proposal needs to be approved by the F.C.C., an independent agency that is not obliged to do what Mr. Obama wants but that in this case should follow his direction.

Telecom executives have said that such rules would reduce their incentive to invest, presumably because their potential profits would be reduced by any regulation that prevented them from charging fees to big web businesses to deliver some content to consumers faster than other information. But the companies can't be all that worried if they are willing to spend billions of dollars on wireless frequencies.

Some of the money raised in the auction will be used to pay for a $7 billion communications network called FirstNet, for police, fire and other public safety agencies, a network Congress authorized in 2012. The rest of the money will go to the Treasury and help reduce the federal deficit.

Few people expected that the bids would go this high for spectrum that most analysts say is less optimal for carrying wireless phone signals than other, lower frequency airwaves that more easily penetrate buildings.

A separate auction that is expected to be held in 2021 will include more highly valued airwaves that are used by television broadcasters. A portion of the money bid by telecom companies in that auction will be used to pay TV stations that agree to give up some or all of the frequencies they are using.

The auction of TV airwaves was originally expected to take place next year but has been delayed because of disagreements among broadcasters, telecom companies and regulators about how it should be carried out. There are billions of dollars at stake for television stations and phone companies. The high bids in the current auction should encourage them to resolve their differences and avoid further delays. They all have too much to gain from a successful auction.

Americans are increasingly dependent on their cellphones - 63 percent of Americans used their phones to go online in 2013, up from 31 percent in 2009, according to the Pew Research Center. That helps explain why wireless frequencies are becoming more valuable and why the government should make sure spectrum is used efficiently.

Q. Which of the following best describes the passage above?

The eye-popping bids in the current auction of wireless frequencies by the Federal Communications Commission are a testament to soaring demand for mobile Internet service. As of last week, bids in the auction exceeded $38 billion, far more than the $10.5 billion reserve price set by the F.C.C. These frequencies, also known as spectrum, are needed to expand cellular networks so they can carry more phone calls and data.

The superheated bidding provides fresh evidence that the telecommunications industry is thriving despite protests by executives at companies like Verizon and AT&T that they are being stymied by regulation. Phone companies are upset that President Obama recently called for strong rules that would prohibit telecom companies, including wireless businesses, from creating fast and slow lanes on the Internet. His proposal needs to be approved by the F.C.C., an independent agency that is not obliged to do what Mr. Obama wants but that in this case should follow his direction.

Telecom executives have said that such rules would reduce their incentive to invest, presumably because their potential profits would be reduced by any regulation that prevented them from charging fees to big web businesses to deliver some content to consumers faster than other information. But the companies can't be all that worried if they are willing to spend billions of dollars on wireless frequencies.

Some of the money raised in the auction will be used to pay for a $7 billion communications network called FirstNet, for police, fire and other public safety agencies, a network Congress authorized in 2012. The rest of the money will go to the Treasury and help reduce the federal deficit.

Few people expected that the bids would go this high for spectrum that most analysts say is less optimal for carrying wireless phone signals than other, lower frequency airwaves that more easily penetrate buildings.

A separate auction that is expected to be held in 2021 will include more highly valued airwaves that are used by television broadcasters. A portion of the money bid by telecom companies in that auction will be used to pay TV stations that agree to give up some or all of the frequencies they are using.

The auction of TV airwaves was originally expected to take place next year but has been delayed because of disagreements among broadcasters, telecom companies and regulators about how it should be carried out. There are billions of dollars at stake for television stations and phone companies. The high bids in the current auction should encourage them to resolve their differences and avoid further delays. They all have too much to gain from a successful auction.

Americans are increasingly dependent on their cellphones - 63 percent of Americans used their phones to go online in 2013, up from 31 percent in 2009, according to the Pew Research Center. That helps explain why wireless frequencies are becoming more valuable and why the government should make sure spectrum is used efficiently.

Q. Which of the following is not true as per the passage?

Phatik Chakravorti was the ringleader among the boys of the village. A new mischief got into his head. There was a heavy log lying on the mud-flat of the river waiting to be shaped into a mast for a boat. He decided that they should all work together to shift the log by main force from its place and roll it away. The owner of the log would be angry and surprised, and they would all enjoy the fun. Every one seconded the proposal, and it was carried unanimously.

But just as the fun was about to begin, Makhan, Phatik's younger brother, sauntered up, and sat down on the log in front of them all without a word. The boys were puzzled for a moment. He was pushed, rather timidly, by one of the boys and told to get up but he remained quite unconcerned. He appeared like a young philosopher meditating on the futility of games.

Phatik was furious. "Makhan," he cried, "if you don't get down this minute I'll thrash you!" Makhan only moved to a more comfortable position. Now, if Phatik was to keep his regal dignity before the public, it was clear he ought to carry out his threat. But his courage failed him at the crisis. His fertile brain, however, rapidly seized upon a new manoeuvre which would discomfit his brother and afford his followers an added amusement. He gave the word of command to roll the log and Makhan over together. Makhan heard the order, and made it a point of honour to stick on. But he overlooked the fact, like those who attempt earthly fame in other matters, that there was peril in it.

Q. It can be inferred from the last sentence that

Phatik Chakravorti was the ringleader among the boys of the village. A new mischief got into his head. There was a heavy log lying on the mud-flat of the river waiting to be shaped into a mast for a boat. He decided that they should all work together to shift the log by main force from its place and roll it away. The owner of the log would be angry and surprised, and they would all enjoy the fun. Every one seconded the proposal, and it was carried unanimously.

But just as the fun was about to begin, Makhan, Phatik's younger brother, sauntered up, and sat down on the log in front of them all without a word. The boys were puzzled for a moment. He was pushed, rather timidly, by one of the boys and told to get up but he remained quite unconcerned. He appeared like a young philosopher meditating on the futility of games.

Phatik was furious. "Makhan," he cried, "if you don't get down this minute I'll thrash you!" Makhan only moved to a more comfortable position. Now, if Phatik was to keep his regal dignity before the public, it was clear he ought to carry out his threat. But his courage failed him at the crisis. His fertile brain, however, rapidly seized upon a new manoeuvre which would discomfit his brother and afford his followers an added amusement. He gave the word of command to roll the log and Makhan over together. Makhan heard the order, and made it a point of honour to stick on. But he overlooked the fact, like those who attempt earthly fame in other matters, that there was peril in it.

Q. Which of the following options can best replace the phrase "sauntered up"?

Phatik Chakravorti was the ringleader among the boys of the village. A new mischief got into his head. There was a heavy log lying on the mud-flat of the river waiting to be shaped into a mast for a boat. He decided that they should all work together to shift the log by main force from its place and roll it away. The owner of the log would be angry and surprised, and they would all enjoy the fun. Every one seconded the proposal, and it was carried unanimously.

But just as the fun was about to begin, Makhan, Phatik's younger brother, sauntered up, and sat down on the log in front of them all without a word. The boys were puzzled for a moment. He was pushed, rather timidly, by one of the boys and told to get up but he remained quite unconcerned. He appeared like a young philosopher meditating on the futility of games.

Phatik was furious. "Makhan," he cried, "if you don't get down this minute I'll thrash you!" Makhan only moved to a more comfortable position. Now, if Phatik was to keep his regal dignity before the public, it was clear he ought to carry out his threat. But his courage failed him at the crisis. His fertile brain, however, rapidly seized upon a new manoeuvre which would discomfit his brother and afford his followers an added amusement. He gave the word of command to roll the log and Makhan over together. Makhan heard the order, and made it a point of honour to stick on. But he overlooked the fact, like those who attempt earthly fame in other matters, that there was peril in it.

Q. What would be the suitable title for the given passage?

Phatik Chakravorti was the ringleader among the boys of the village. A new mischief got into his head. There was a heavy log lying on the mud-flat of the river waiting to be shaped into a mast for a boat. He decided that they should all work together to shift the log by main force from its place and roll it away. The owner of the log would be angry and surprised, and they would all enjoy the fun. Every one seconded the proposal, and it was carried unanimously.

But just as the fun was about to begin, Makhan, Phatik's younger brother, sauntered up, and sat down on the log in front of them all without a word. The boys were puzzled for a moment. He was pushed, rather timidly, by one of the boys and told to get up but he remained quite unconcerned. He appeared like a young philosopher meditating on the futility of games.

Phatik was furious. "Makhan," he cried, "if you don't get down this minute I'll thrash you!" Makhan only moved to a more comfortable position. Now, if Phatik was to keep his regal dignity before the public, it was clear he ought to carry out his threat. But his courage failed him at the crisis. His fertile brain, however, rapidly seized upon a new manoeuvre which would discomfit his brother and afford his followers an added amusement. He gave the word of command to roll the log and Makhan over together. Makhan heard the order, and made it a point of honour to stick on. But he overlooked the fact, like those who attempt earthly fame in other matters, that there was peril in it.

Q. It can be inferred from the passage that

Phatik Chakravorti was the ringleader among the boys of the village. A new mischief got into his head. There was a heavy log lying on the mud-flat of the river waiting to be shaped into a mast for a boat. He decided that they should all work together to shift the log by main force from its place and roll it away. The owner of the log would be angry and surprised, and they would all enjoy the fun. Every one seconded the proposal, and it was carried unanimously.

But just as the fun was about to begin, Makhan, Phatik's younger brother, sauntered up, and sat down on the log in front of them all without a word. The boys were puzzled for a moment. He was pushed, rather timidly, by one of the boys and told to get up but he remained quite unconcerned. He appeared like a young philosopher meditating on the futility of games.

Phatik was furious. "Makhan," he cried, "if you don't get down this minute I'll thrash you!" Makhan only moved to a more comfortable position. Now, if Phatik was to keep his regal dignity before the public, it was clear he ought to carry out his threat. But his courage failed him at the crisis. His fertile brain, however, rapidly seized upon a new manoeuvre which would discomfit his brother and afford his followers an added amusement. He gave the word of command to roll the log and Makhan over together. Makhan heard the order, and made it a point of honour to stick on. But he overlooked the fact, like those who attempt earthly fame in other matters, that there was peril in it.

Q. The primary purpose of the author is to

KING CHARLES III made the final decision. The election had duly taken place as decreed by royal proclamation.

The polling booths had been closed, the votes counted.

The computers turned off-, and the experts and amateurs alike had collapsed into their beds in disbelief when they had heard the final result. The new King had been unable to sleep that Friday night while he considered yet again all the advice that had been offered to him by his courtiers during the past twenty-four hours. The choice he had been left with was by no means simple. Considering how recently he had ascended the throne.

A few minutes after Big Ben had struck 6 A.M., the morning papers were placed in the corridor outside his bedroom. The King slipped quietly out of bed, put on his dressing gown and smiled at the startled footman when he opened the door. The King gathered up the papers in his arms and took them through to the morning room so that the Queen would not be disturbed. Once he had settled comfortably into his favorite chair, he turned to the editorial pages. Only one subject was worthy of their attention that day. The Fleet Street editors had all come to the same conclusion. The result of the election could not have been closer, and the new King had been placed in a most delicate position as to whom he should call to be his first Prime Minister. Most of the papers went on to give the King their personal advice on whom he should consider according to their own political affiliations. The London Times alone offered no such opinion, but suggested merely that His Majesty would have to show a great deal of courage and fortitude in facing his first constitutional crisis if the monarchy was to remain credible in a modern world. The forty-three-year-old King dropped the papers on the floor by the side of his chair and considered once again the problems of which man to select. What a strange game politics was, he considered. Only a short time ago .there had been clearly three men to consider, and then suddenly one of them was no longer a contender- The two men remaining-who he suspected had also not slept that night - could not have been more different and yet in some ways they were so alike. They had both entered the House of Commons in 1964 and, had then conducted glittering careers in their twenty-five years as members of Parliament. Between them they had held the portfolios of Trade, Defense, the Foreign Office and the Exchequer before being elected to lead their respective parties. As Prince of Wales, the King had watched them both from the sidelines and grown to admire their different contributions to public life. On a personal level, he had to admit, he had always liked one while respecting the other.

Q. It can be inferred that:

KING CHARLES III made the final decision. The election had duly taken place as decreed by royal proclamation.

The polling booths had been closed, the votes counted.

The computers turned off-, and the experts and amateurs alike had collapsed into their beds in disbelief when they had heard the final result. The new King had been unable to sleep that Friday night while he considered yet again all the advice that had been offered to him by his courtiers during the past twenty-four hours. The choice he had been left with was by no means simple. Considering how recently he had ascended the throne.

A few minutes after Big Ben had struck 6 A.M., the morning papers were placed in the corridor outside his bedroom. The King slipped quietly out of bed, put on his dressing gown and smiled at the startled footman when he opened the door. The King gathered up the papers in his arms and took them through to the morning room so that the Queen would not be disturbed. Once he had settled comfortably into his favorite chair, he turned to the editorial pages. Only one subject was worthy of their attention that day. The Fleet Street editors had all come to the same conclusion. The result of the election could not have been closer, and the new King had been placed in a most delicate position as to whom he should call to be his first Prime Minister. Most of the papers went on to give the King their personal advice on whom he should consider according to their own political affiliations. The London Times alone offered no such opinion, but suggested merely that His Majesty would have to show a great deal of courage and fortitude in facing his first constitutional crisis if the monarchy was to remain credible in a modern world. The forty-three-year-old King dropped the papers on the floor by the side of his chair and considered once again the problems of which man to select. What a strange game politics was, he considered. Only a short time ago .there had been clearly three men to consider, and then suddenly one of them was no longer a contender- The two men remaining-who he suspected had also not slept that night - could not have been more different and yet in some ways they were so alike. They had both entered the House of Commons in 1964 and, had then conducted glittering careers in their twenty-five years as members of Parliament. Between them they had held the portfolios of Trade, Defense, the Foreign Office and the Exchequer before being elected to lead their respective parties. As Prince of Wales, the King had watched them both from the sidelines and grown to admire their different contributions to public life. On a personal level, he had to admit, he had always liked one while respecting the other.

Q. What does the word 'amateur' mean in this context?