History: CUET Mock Test - 7 - Humanities/Arts MCQ

The correct answer is Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti

Key Points

• Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti was one of the most outstanding saints of the Indian subcontinent, and an international spiritual inspiration who lived during the 6th Century AD.
• He arrived in Ajmer at the age of 52 years around 1190 AD during the reign of Prithviraj Chauhan.
• The main beliefs of Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti were achieving oneness with God, devotion to the Divine, leading a pure life, showing compassion and charity for the helpless and poor.

Additional Information

• Nizamuddin Auliya was the founder of the Chisti Nizami order. He had hundreds of disciples (khalifa) who had Ijaza (khilafat) from him to spread the order.
• Baba Fariduddin Mas'ud Ganjshakar was a Sufi and Muslim missionary in Punjab. Baba Farid (1173 -1266) was a Punjabi poet and saint of the Chisti order of Sufism. He was among the first known Punjabi poets
• Gaisu Daraz was a disciple and then successor of Sufi saint Nasiruddin Chiragh Dehlavi. When he moved to Daulatabad around 1400, owing to the attack of Timur on Delhi, he took the Chishti Order to South India. He finally settled down in Gulbarga.

• The leader of the Bhakti movement focusing on Lord Rama was Ramananda.
• He was a 14th century Vaishnava poet who founded the Ramanadi Sampradaya.
• He taught that Lord Rama is the supreme Lord, and that salvation could be attained only through love for and devotion to him, and through the repetition of his sacred name.
• Bhakti movement was a devotional trend that saw its emergence in medieval Hinduism and was revolutionized in Sikhism.
• Some of the popular saints of the Bhakti Movement include Ramananda, Chaitanya, Jaydeva, Vivekananda, and Namdeva, etc.

The correct answer is Devaraya-II.

Key Points

• DevaRaya II was an emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire and the most powerful king of the Sangam dynasty.
• His reign was between 1422-1446 AD.
• He was a well-known administrator, warrior, and scholar.
• He authored well-known works in Kannada languages like Sobagiana Sona and Amaruka.
• Persian ambassador Abdul Razzaq came to Vijayanagara during the reign of DevaRaya II.

The correct answer is Tungabhadra.

Key Points Tungabhadra

• The ancient name of the river Tungabhadra was Pampa.
• In the epic Ramayana, the Tungabhadra River was known by the name of Pampa.
• Tungabhadra-
  • The Tungabhadra River rises from Karnataka state and flows through Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana states.
  • The Tungabhadra River is formed by the confluence of the Tunga River and the Bhadra River at Koodli, Karnataka.
  • The Tunga and the Bhadra rise at Gangamoola, in Varaha Parvatha in the Chikmanglur district in Karnataka.
  • The Tungabhadra finally joins the Krishna River near Sangameswaram village in the Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh.

Additional Information

• Narmada
  • The Narmada river originates from the Narmada Kund located in Amarkantak, Anuppur district in Madhya Pradesh.
  • Amarkantak is located on Maikal mountain.
  • The Narmada river forms the unmarked boundary between North and South India.
  • The major tributaries of the Narmada are Barna, Tawa, Kanar, Kolar, Man, Hatni, Uri, Shakkar, etc.
  • It flows westwards (1, 312 km) before falling into the Gulf of Khambhat.
  • The Narmada river is the longest river in Madhya Pradesh and it's called "The Lifeline of Madhya Pradesh".
• Godavari
  • The Godavari River rises from Trimbakeshwar in the Nashik district of Maharashtra.
  • It is the oldest River in India.
  • It is also known as the Ganga of South India.
  • It is the second-longest river in India.
  • Dams on the Godavari river are - Polavaram Dam (Andhra Pradesh), Pochampad Dam (Telangana).

• Krishna River-
  • Krishna is the second largest peninsular river covering the area of Andhra Pradesh, Telengana, Maharashtra, and Karnataka.
  • It originates at Mahabaleshwar Maharashtra.
  • Right bank Tributaries: the Ghatprabha, the Malprabha, and the Tungabhadra.
  • Left Bank Tributaries: the Bhima, the Musi, and the Munneru.

Bhakti Movement

• Bhakti as a religious concept means devotional surrender to a supreme God for attaining salvation. It is a mixture of devotion with love for God. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• The word Bhakti traces its origin to Pali literature dating 8th century BC, the Bhagavad Gita, and the Chhandogya Upanishad. The term first appeared in Pali literature, not the Bhagavad Gita. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• It was based on religious equality and social participation.

The correct answer is - Subhadra Kumari Chauhan.

Key Points

Subhadra Kumari Chauhan:

• Subhadra Kumari Chauhan was a renowned Indian poet, known for her emotional and patriotic Hindi poetry.
• She is best remembered for her poem on the Rani of Jhansi, which includes the famous line “Khoob lari mardani woh to Jhansi wali rani thi,” celebrating the bravery of the queen in battle.

Additional Information

• Mahashweta Devi was an Indian writer and social activist, primarily writing in Bengali.
  • She focused on the lives of tribal communities and marginalized groups.
• Tapti Roy is a historian and author, known for her research and writings on Indian history.
• Begum Hazrat Mahal was a key figure in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 but was not a poet.

The correct answer is - Chaurasee Des.

Key Points

• Shah Mal was a notable figure during the 1857 rebellion who mobilized the agriculturalists of the Chaurasee Des region. -
• Chaurasee Des: -
• This region, associated with Shah Mal, was significant during the 1857 uprising.
• Shah Mal rallied the local peasantry against the British, showcasing the widespread discontent and the involvement of rural areas in the rebellion. -

The correct answer is - Seized the bell of arms.

Key Points Seized the bell of arms: -

• The first action taken by the sepoys during the Revolt of 1857 was to seize the bell of arms.
• This was a strategic move to gain control over the weapons and ammunition, which were crucial for their uprising against the British authorities.
• By securing the arsenal, the sepoys ensured they had the necessary means to sustain their revolt and challenge the British military power.

The correct answer is - Village.

Key PointsThe term "Puram" does not specifically refer to a village. In historical and cultural contexts, Tamil literature and inscriptions use different terms to denote villages or small settlements. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

• Town: While "Puram" might be associated with populated areas, it does not directly translate to or exclusively mean a town. The term has broader implications and uses in Tamil, making this option not specifically correct.
• Temple: "Puram" is not used to denote a temple. In Tamil, specific words like "Kovil" or "Alayam" are used to refer to temples. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
• City: Historically, in Tamil literature and inscriptions, "Puram" has been used to denote the outer part of a city or the exterior spaces, often contrasting with "Uram," which refers to the interior or the residential parts. It can imply an area that is part of a city or town, often with significant activities or populations. Hence, this is the correct interpretation in the given context. 

In conclusion, the term "Puram" in Tamil is more accurately associated with areas that can be part of a city or town, rather than specifically denoting a village, town, temple, or the city itself in its entirety. It carries the connotation of being an exterior or outer part of a populated area, which is vital for understanding its use and significance in historical and cultural contexts.

The correct answer is - Gopal Krishna Gokhale .

Key PointsGopal Krishna Gokhale: -

• Gopal Krishna Gokhale was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress and a respected social reformer who played a significant role in the early years of India's struggle for independence.
• Upon Mahatma Gandhi's return to India from South Africa in 1915, it was Gokhale who advised Gandhi to spend a year traveling around British India to understand the country's social, political, and economic conditions before deciding on a plan of action for his involvement in the Indian independence movement.
• This advice was instrumental in shaping Gandhi's approach towards the Indian freedom struggle, making Gokhale a key mentor in Gandhi's life.

Additional Information

• Although Rabindranath Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi shared mutual respect and had several interactions discussing various aspects of society, culture, and independence.

Sufism emphasized a deep, personal connection with God, focusing on meditation, music, and poetry as expressions of devotion.

Nizamuddin Auliya was a prominent saint of the Chishti Sufi order, known for his emphasis on love and service to humanity.

Khanqahs (Sufi lodges) functioned as places for spiritual guidance, learning, and helping the poor, fostering inclusivity.

Sufi poets wrote in Persian and local Indian languages, allowing their spiritual messages to reach diverse audiences.

Sufi saints interacted with people of different religions, emphasizing love and unity, which helped in promoting religious harmony.

Hampi served as the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire and was a major center for administration, trade, and culture.

The empire controlled vital trade routes, connecting it to inland and coastal markets, which boosted its economy.

Krishnadevaraya (1509-1529 CE) was a prominent ruler known for his military conquests, administrative skills, and patronage of art and literature.

Vijayanagara temple architecture blended Dravidian features with Indo-Islamic influences, evident in structures like the Lotus Mahal and Elephant Stables.

In 1565, Vijayanagara faced a devastating defeat at the Battle of Talikota, after which it gradually declined due to internal conflicts and external invasions.

Mirabai - Lord Krishna (B): Devoted to Krishna, famous for her devotional songs.
Guru Nanak - Ik Onkar (D): Emphasized one formless God in Sikhism.
Sant Eknath - Lord Vithoba (C): A Marathi saint devoted to Vithoba of Pandharpur.
Tulsidas - Lord Rama (A): Author of Ramcharitmanas, devoted to Rama.

Chishti Order - Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti (C): Introduced to India by Moinuddin Chishti (Ajmer).
Suhrawardi Order - Baha-ud-Din Zakariya (A): Prominent in Punjab, founded by Zakariya.
Naqshbandi Order - Sheikh Ahmed Sirhindi (B): Revived in India by Sirhindi (Mujaddid).
Qadri Order - Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilani (D): Founded by Jilani, influential across the Islamic world.

Krishna Deva Raya (1-A): Expanded the empire to its zenith, defeating rivals like the Gajapatis and Bahmanis, making Vijayanagara a dominant power.
Deva Raya I (2-B): Strengthened administration through military and governance reforms, stabilizing the empire after early challenges.
Harihara I (3-C): Co-founded the Vijayanagara Empire in 1336 CE with Bukka, establishing its base against northern invasions.
Bukka Raya I (4-D): Promoted cultural growth, patronizing literature and arts, consolidating the empire’s identity post-establishment.

Hampi → A. Capital of the Vijayanagara Empire: Hampi was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire and a significant political, cultural, and trade center. It had grand temples, markets, and fortifications.
Anegondi → B. Major administrative center: Anegondi, located near Hampi, was an important administrative and military center before the establishment of Vijayanagara as the capital.
Vijayanagara → D. Important trade and port center: Vijayanagara was one of the largest cities in the world at its peak, with a thriving trade network. It had connections with ports on the west coast like Goa and Calicut.
Madurai → C. Religious and cultural center: Madurai was a major religious and cultural center, famous for its Meenakshi Temple and contributions to Tamil literature. The Vijayanagara rulers controlled it as a regional center.

Ibn Battuta (1-A): Likely a question error; he didn’t visit Vijayanagara. Possibly meant Abdur Razzaq (1443 CE), who praised Hampi’s grandeur.
Niccolò de' Conti (2-D): Described Vijayanagara’s markets and trade networks, emphasizing commerce (c. 1420 CE).
Domingo Paes (3-C): Noted the empire’s wealth and prosperity during Krishna Deva Raya’s reign (c. 1520 CE).
Fernao Nunes (4-B): Detailed the city’s architecture—temples and palaces—around 1535 CE.

(A) Incorrect: Women were often seen in subordinate roles, but they were not legally considered property.
(B) Correct: The Manusmriti detailed codes of conduct for women, emphasizing obedience to fathers, husbands, and sons.
(C) Incorrect: Widow remarriage was restricted, particularly among the upper castes, though it existed in some communities.
(D) Correct: The pativrata ideal emphasized a woman’s devotion and duty to her husband as a virtue.
(E) Correct: Brahmanical traditions generally discouraged women's education, limiting their access to Vedic learning.

(A) Incorrect: The Rig Veda is one of the oldest Hindu scriptures, but there are older religious texts worldwide.
(B) Correct: The Upanishads discuss profound philosophical questions about the self, reality, and liberation.
(C) Correct: The Jatakas contain stories of the Buddha’s past lives, teaching moral lessons.
(D) Incorrect: The Bhagavad Gita was written much later than the Vedas, during the composition of the Mahabharata.
(E) Correct: The Dharmasutras provided guidelines on ethics, duties, and law in early Hindu society.

(A) Correct: Siddhartha Gautama, later known as the Buddha, was born in Lumbini.
(B) Correct: The Four Noble Truths explain the reality of suffering and the way to overcome it.
(C) Incorrect: Buddhism rejects the idea of a creator god and instead focuses on self-awareness and moral conduct.
(D) Correct: The Eightfold Path includes ethical and meditative practices to attain enlightenment.
(E) Incorrect: While the Sangha was open to all castes, women initially faced restrictions before being admitted.

(A) Correct: Though Jainism existed before, Mahavira was its 24th Tirthankara and greatly shaped its teachings.
(B) Correct: Ahimsa (non-violence) is a fundamental Jain principle followed in daily life.
(C) Incorrect: Jainism does not believe in a supreme god, focusing instead on self-discipline and liberation.
(D) Correct: Jain monks live an ascetic life, renouncing material possessions and practicing strict discipline.
(E) Incorrect: Jainism strongly believes in karma and rebirth, teaching that actions determine one’s future life.

The Tamil Sangam literature is known for its rich poetry composed between 300 BCE and 300 CE. However, it does not contain prose, as it was entirely written in verse form. Additionally, while it follows poetic conventions, it does not explicitly use the term "poetic" as a separate genre. Instead, all the works are inherently poetic. Hence, the texts lack prose but contain poetry.