Important Questions Test: Rural & Urban Livelihoods - UPSC MCQ

C is the correct option.As the farmers do not have any identity proof and also are not know that banks give loans at low rates of interest.Farmers borrow from moneylenders at insane rates of interest. The peasants hope for a better yield in times to come but this never happens, and they find themselves in a debt trap.

Explanation:
When a group of people live and work together in the same place and share certain common interests, they form a community. A community is a social unit that encompasses a group of individuals who have common goals, values, and interests. It is a way for people to connect, support one another, and create a sense of belonging. Here is a detailed explanation of why the answer is C: community.
Key points:
- People living and working together
- Sharing common interests
- Forming a social unit
- Connecting and supporting one another
- Creating a sense of belonging
Benefits of living and working in a community:
- Collaboration: Living and working in a community allows individuals to collaborate on projects, share resources, and pool their skills and knowledge.
- Support: Community members can provide emotional support, assistance, and encouragement to one another, helping to overcome challenges and achieve common goals.
- Networking: Being part of a community provides opportunities for networking, which can lead to personal and professional growth, as well as new connections and opportunities.
- Resources: Communities often have shared resources, such as community centers, libraries, and recreational facilities, which can be utilized and enjoyed by all members.
- Socialization: Living and working in a community provides ample opportunities for social interaction, fostering friendships, and a sense of belonging.
- Identity and belonging: Being part of a community gives individuals a sense of identity and belonging, as they are connected to a group of people who share similar interests and values.

In conclusion, living and working in a community allows individuals to connect, collaborate, support one another, and create a sense of belonging. It provides numerous benefits and opportunities for personal and professional growth.

When a person is said to be caught in debt:

• Definition: Being caught in debt refers to a situation where an individual is unable to repay the borrowed money within the agreed terms and conditions.


• Causes:




• Excessive borrowing: Taking on more debt than one can afford to repay.


• Unemployment or reduced income: A decrease in income can make it difficult to meet debt obligations.


• Unexpected expenses: Medical emergencies, accidents, or major repairs can lead to financial strain.


• High interest rates: Accumulating interest charges can make it challenging to pay off the principal amount.


• Poor financial management: Lack of budgeting, overspending, or not prioritizing debt repayment can contribute to being caught in debt.




• Signs of being caught in debt:




• Missing payments or making late payments.


• Receiving collection calls or notices.


• Using credit cards to pay for daily expenses.


• Having multiple loans or credit accounts.


• Borrowing money from friends or family to cover expenses.


• Feeling overwhelmed or stressed about financial obligations.




• Consequences of being caught in debt:




• Damage to credit score: Late or missed payments can negatively impact credit scores, making it harder to obtain future loans or credit.


• Increased interest rates: If a person is caught in debt, lenders may charge higher interest rates for future borrowing.


• Legal actions: In severe cases, lenders may resort to legal actions such as wage garnishment or repossession of assets.


• Emotional distress: Being caught in debt can lead to stress, anxiety, and strain on personal relationships.


• Limited financial opportunities: Excessive debt can hinder one's ability to save, invest, or pursue other financial goals.




• Steps to overcome debt:




• Create a budget and prioritize debt repayment.


• Reduce expenses and find ways to increase income.


• Contact creditors to negotiate payment plans or settlements.


• Consider debt consolidation or counseling services.


• Seek professional advice from financial advisors or experts.


• Stay committed and disciplined in following a debt repayment plan.

Remember, being caught in debt is a challenging situation, but with proper planning and determination, it is possible to overcome and regain financial stability. Seek support, educate yourself on financial management, and take proactive steps towards debt repayment.

Thulasi - A Labourer in Ramalingam's Field

• Who was Thulasi?



Thulasi was a person who worked as a labourer in Ramalingam's field.



• Details about Thulasi:



Thulasi's occupation was being a labourer in Ramalingam's field, indicating that he worked under Ramalingam's employment.



• Role and responsibilities:



As a labourer, Thulasi would have performed various tasks assigned by Ramalingam, such as plowing, sowing seeds, weeding, harvesting, and other agricultural activities.



• Relationship with Ramalingam:



Thulasi worked in Ramalingam's field, implying that he had a working relationship with Ramalingam as his employer or supervisor.



• Importance of Thulasi's role:



Thulasi's role as a labourer was crucial for the smooth functioning of Ramalingam's field and ensuring the productivity of the agricultural activities.

False Statements Regarding Sekar:

A: Depend on labour

B: To pay back loan he sold his paddy to the traders

C: Required loan

D: He works in Ramalingam Rice mill

The false statement regarding Sekar is:

A: Depend on labour

Explanation:
- Sekar does not depend on labor for his livelihood. This statement is false.
- The other statements are true:
- B: Sekar sold his paddy to the traders to pay back his loan.
- C: Sekar required a loan.
- D: Sekar works in Ramalingam Rice mill.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: Depend on labour.

Who is Bachchu Manjhi?

Bachchu Manjhi is a rickshaw puller.

Explanation:

• Bachchu Manjhi: Bachchu Manjhi is an individual.


• Profession: He works as a rickshaw puller.


• Rickshaw puller: A rickshaw puller is a person who manually pulls a rickshaw, a two-wheeled vehicle used for transportation.

So, Bachchu Manjhi is a rickshaw puller by profession.

Rural Areas:
- Ahmadabad: Ahmadabad is not a rural area. It is a city located in the state of Gujarat, India.
- Delhi: Delhi is not a rural area. It is the capital city of India and a major metropolitan area.
- Kalpattu: Kalpattu is a rural area. It is a village located in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.
- Surat: Surat is not a rural area. It is a city located in the state of Gujarat, India.
Conclusion:
Out of the given options, the only rural area is Kalpattu. Ahmadabad, Delhi, and Surat are all cities and urban areas.

He earn between Rs. 200-300 every day, out of which he spend Rs. 100-150 on food and rent. The rest he save for his family.

 

Introduction:
In this question, we are asked to compare the life of people in urban areas with that of rural areas. We need to determine the level of difference between the two settings.
Detailed Explanation:
The life of people in urban areas is generally faster than in rural areas due to several factors, including:
1. Infrastructure: Urban areas tend to have better infrastructure, including transportation systems, roads, and communication networks. This allows for faster movement and accessibility to various amenities and services.
2. Economic Opportunities: Urban areas typically offer a wider range of job opportunities and higher income potential. The fast-paced and competitive nature of urban economies often leads to a faster pace of life.
3. Technological Advancements: Urban areas are more likely to have access to advanced technologies, such as high-speed internet, cutting-edge healthcare facilities, and modern conveniences. These advancements contribute to a faster pace of life.
4. Social and Cultural Activities: Urban areas are known for their vibrant social and cultural scenes, with a plethora of events, festivals, and entertainment options. The availability of such activities can contribute to a faster-paced lifestyle.
5. Population Density: Urban areas are typically more densely populated than rural areas. This population density can result in a higher level of activity and busyness, contributing to a faster pace of life.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the life of people in urban areas is generally faster than in rural areas. This is due to factors such as better infrastructure, economic opportunities, technological advancements, social and cultural activities, and population density. However, it is important to note that individual experiences may vary, and not all aspects of urban life are necessarily faster-paced than rural life.

The correct option is C.
In a survey of Ahmedabad city it was found that 12 percent of all the workers in the city were people working on the street.

If you feel a problem in your teeth, you should go to a Dentist.
Here is a detailed solution for your question:
Reasons to visit a Dentist:
- Dentists are specialized medical professionals who focus on oral health and dental care.
- They have the knowledge, skills, and experience to diagnose and treat various dental problems.
- Dentists can provide a thorough examination of your teeth, gums, and mouth to identify any issues or concerns.
- They can offer preventive measures and advice to maintain good oral hygiene.
- Dentists can perform dental procedures such as cleanings, fillings, root canals, extractions, and more.
- They can address common dental problems like cavities, gum disease, tooth decay, and tooth sensitivity.
- Dentists can also provide cosmetic dentistry services such as teeth whitening, veneers, and dental implants.
- In case of severe dental issues or complex treatments, dentists may refer you to a specialist such as an orthodontist, periodontist, or oral surgeon.
Advantages of visiting a Dentist:
- Early detection and treatment of dental problems can prevent further complications and discomfort.
- Dentists can provide personalized advice and recommendations based on your specific dental needs.
- Regular dental check-ups and cleanings can help maintain good oral health and prevent dental diseases.
- Dentists use specialized tools and equipment to perform accurate diagnoses and effective treatments.
- Dentists follow strict hygiene and safety protocols to ensure a clean and sterile environment.
- Dental clinics often offer convenient appointment scheduling and flexible payment options.
Remember, if you experience any issues or discomfort with your teeth, it is always best to consult a dentist for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Ready-made clothes are sold in garments shops.
Explanation:
Ready-made clothes are pre-made garments that are designed and produced in standard sizes and styles. They are sold in garments shops, which specialize in selling a variety of clothing items for men, women, and children. Here are some key points to consider:
- Definition: Ready-made clothes refer to clothing items that are already made and ready for purchase, as opposed to custom-made or tailored garments.
- Garments shops: These are retail stores that specifically sell clothing items, including ready-made clothes. They usually stock a wide range of apparel, such as shirts, pants, dresses, skirts, jackets, and more.
- Types of clothing: Garments shops offer a diverse selection of clothing options for different occasions and preferences. This includes casual wear, formal attire, sportswear, ethnic wear, party wear, and seasonal clothing.
- Brands and designers: Garments shops often carry clothing from various brands and designers, offering customers a range of choices in terms of quality, style, and price.
- Accessories: Some garments shops also sell accessories that complement the clothing items, such as shoes, belts, bags, jewelry, and other fashion accessories.
- Size range: Ready-made clothes are typically available in standard sizes, ranging from small to extra-large, and may also include specific size categories for petite, plus-size, or tall individuals.
- Try-on facilities: Garments shops usually provide fitting rooms or try-on facilities for customers to try on the clothes before making a purchase, ensuring a proper fit.
- Alterations: In some cases, garments shops may offer alteration services to make minor adjustments to the ready-made clothes to better fit the customer's body shape or preferences.
Overall, garments shops are the primary retail locations where ready-made clothes are sold, catering to the diverse fashion needs and preferences of consumers.

Vandana's occupation: Dress designer
Reasoning:
- The given options are Nurse, Sales woman, Dress designer, and Peon.
- To determine Vandana's occupation, we need to analyze the options and choose the most suitable one based on the given information.
- The options Nurse, Sales woman, and Peon do not provide any relevant information about Vandana. Therefore, we can eliminate these options.
- The option Dress designer is the only option that directly relates to Vandana's profession.
- Hence, we can conclude that Vandana works as a Dress designer.
Answer: C. Dress designer

Types of jobs in urban livelihood:

I. Casual workers:

• Casual workers are individuals who are employed on a temporary or seasonal basis.


• They often work in informal sectors such as construction, agriculture, domestic work, etc.


• They do not have job security or regular income.

II. Potters:

• Potters are skilled artisans who create pottery and ceramic items.


• They work independently or in small groups.


• They sell their products in local markets or to wholesalers.


• Pottery making is a traditional craft that has been passed down through generations.

III. Vendors:

• Vendors are individuals who sell goods or services on the streets or in public spaces.


• They may sell food, clothes, accessories, household items, etc.


• They operate small businesses and often do not have a fixed location.

IV. Permanent workers:

• Permanent workers are individuals who have secure employment with regular income.


• They work in formal sectors such as government offices, private companies, educational institutions, etc.


• They receive benefits such as health insurance, retirement plans, and paid leave.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C: I, III, IV. Casual workers, vendors, and permanent workers are all types of jobs in urban livelihood.

Number of Street Vendors in the Country
The correct answer is B: One.
Explanation:
Here is a detailed explanation of the answer:
- Street vendors are individuals who sell goods or services on the streets of urban areas.
- In India, street vending is a common form of informal employment and a source of livelihood for many people.
- The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs conducted a survey called the "Scheme of Survey of Street Vendors" in 2019 to estimate the number of street vendors in the country.
- According to the survey, there are approximately one crore street vendors in India.
- "Crore" is a unit in the Indian numbering system equivalent to ten million or 10,000,000.
- Therefore, the answer to the question is B: One crore, which means there are approximately ten million street vendors in the country.

Zari work or Zardozi, an art which is considered quite popular amongst embroiders and designers, survives in the narrow alleys of the Old Town of Bhopal. The richest embroidery of India is the Zardozi which was introduced in India by the Mughal invaders in the 17th century.

B is the correct option.Gurgaon is the main city of the National Capital Region of Delhi.Noida is located in the Gautam Buddh Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh state India. Noida is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of New Delhi.

self employed means working for oneself as a freelance or the owner of a business rather than for an employee.

B is the correct option.People moving within rural areas (centres with populations less than 1,000) moved from their homes mainly for employment reasons, primarily for better employment opportunities or to start a new job, as can be seen in the graph below.

Profit is a financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something.