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Test: English Language Test - 4 - Bank Exams MCQ


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20 Questions MCQ Test - Test: English Language Test - 4

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Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 1

Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The overall literacy rates have risen multi-fold in India since Independence from around 18 percent in the 1950s to 74 percent in the last Census. But the averages hide the vast disparities. Female literacy is particularly wanting in the country as a significant proportion of them are still illiterate with major ramifications for the Indian economy.

The lack of education among women prevents their participation in the workforce, thus hindering the country’s development. Many studies have also concluded that female education has a significant impact on the development of future generations as they usually have a more direct role to play in their child’s education than their father. An addition of a year of schooling to a mother’s education has a significantly higher impact on the next generation than an addition to the father’s schooling by the same number of years. Further, better birth outcomes like higher birth weight and lower child mortality are observed among educated mothers.

When compared with the rest of the world, the female literacy rate is considerably low in India at around 60 percent, which is 22 percentage points below the world average. The figure below shows the stark difference in India’s female literacy is not only with the developed countries but also with middle- and lower-income countries like Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe.

Apart from the low female literacy, there is also a wide gender disparity in India’s performance on literacy with a difference of around 20 percentage points between male and female literacy rates. This disparity has been persistent throughout the years, although it has been falling over time with the current gap being the lowest since Independence.

Q. Which of the following is not true about the female literacy rate in India?

i) India’s female literacy rate is hovering around 60 percent

ii) The female literacy in India is 22 percentage points below the world average

iii) India’s female literacy is significantly low when compared middle- and to lower-income countries such as Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe.

iv) India’s female literacy is 20 percentage points below the male literacy rate.D

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 1

Refer these lines  → When compared with the rest of the world, the female literacy rate is considerably low in India at around 60 percent,which is 22 percentage points below the world average. The figure below shows the stark difference in India’s female literacy is not only with the developed countries but also with middle- andlower-income countries like Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe.

Apart from the low female literacy, there is also a wide gender disparity in India’s performance on literacy with a difference of around 20 percentage points between male and female literacy rates.

All are true.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 2

Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The overall literacy rates have risen multi-fold in India since Independence from around 18 percent in the 1950s to 74 percent in the last Census. But the averages hide the vast disparities. Female literacy is particularly wanting in the country as a significant proportion of them are still illiterate with major ramifications for the Indian economy.

The lack of education among women prevents their participation in the workforce, thus hindering the country’s development. Many studies have also concluded that female education has a significant impact on the development of future generations as they usually have a more direct role to play in their child’s education than their father. An addition of a year of schooling to a mother’s education has a significantly higher impact on the next generation than an addition to the father’s schooling by the same number of years. Further, better birth outcomes like higher birth weight and lower child mortality are observed among educated mothers.

When compared with the rest of the world, the female literacy rate is considerably low in India at around 60 percent, which is 22 percentage points below the world average. The figure below shows the stark difference in India’s female literacy is not only with the developed countries but also with middle- and lower-income countries like Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe.

Apart from the low female literacy, there is also a wide gender disparity in India’s performance on literacy with a difference of around 20 percentage points between male and female literacy rates. This disparity has been persistent throughout the years, although it has been falling over time with the current gap being the lowest since Independence.

Q. What are the reasons behind the notion that female education has significant impact on the development of future generations?

i) Women tend to participate in the social events whereas men cannot afford to be a part in most of the social events.

ii) Women have a capability to run a family on their own when they are equipped with good education.

iii) Women’s contribution to their children’s education is considerably more effective than that of men.

iv) Better birth outcomes like higher birth weight and lower child mortality are observed among educated mothers.

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 2

Refer to these lines → Many studies have also concluded that female education has a significant impact on the development of future generations as they usually have a more direct role to play in their child’s education than their father............ Further, better birth outcomes like higher birth weight and lower child mortality are observed among educated mothers.

So, options (iii) and (iv) is correct.

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Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 3

Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The overall literacy rates have risen multi-fold in India since Independence from around 18 percent in the 1950s to 74 percent in the last Census. But the averages hide the vast disparities. Female literacy is particularly wanting in the country as a significant proportion of them are still illiterate with major ramifications for the Indian economy.

The lack of education among women prevents their participation in the workforce, thus hindering the country’s development. Many studies have also concluded that female education has a significant impact on the development of future generations as they usually have a more direct role to play in their child’s education than their father. An addition of a year of schooling to a mother’s education has a significantly higher impact on the next generation than an addition to the father’s schooling by the same number of years. Further, better birth outcomes like higher birth weight and lower child mortality are observed among educated mothers.

When compared with the rest of the world, the female literacy rate is considerably low in India at around 60 percent, which is 22 percentage points below the world average. The figure below shows the stark difference in India’s female literacy is not only with the developed countries but also with middle- and lower-income countries like Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe.

Apart from the low female literacy, there is also a wide gender disparity in India’s performance on literacy with a difference of around 20 percentage points between male and female literacy rates. This disparity has been persistent throughout the years, although it has been falling over time with the current gap being the lowest since Independence.

Q. Which of the words have the same meaning as the word disparitymentioned in passage?

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 3

Disparity – discrepancy;The state of being unequal.

Other options are incorrect.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 4

Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The overall literacy rates have risen multi-fold in India since Independence from around 18 percent in the 1950s to 74 percent in the last Census. But the averages hide the vast disparities. Female literacy is particularly wanting in the country as a significant proportion of them are still illiterate with major ramifications for the Indian economy.

The lack of education among women prevents their participation in the workforce, thus hindering the country’s development. Many studies have also concluded that female education has a significant impact on the development of future generations as they usually have a more direct role to play in their child’s education than their father. An addition of a year of schooling to a mother’s education has a significantly higher impact on the next generation than an addition to the father’s schooling by the same number of years. Further, better birth outcomes like higher birth weight and lower child mortality are observed among educated mothers.

When compared with the rest of the world, the female literacy rate is considerably low in India at around 60 percent, which is 22 percentage points below the world average. The figure below shows the stark difference in India’s female literacy is not only with the developed countries but also with middle- and lower-income countries like Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe.

Apart from the low female literacy, there is also a wide gender disparity in India’s performance on literacy with a difference of around 20 percentage points between male and female literacy rates. This disparity has been persistent throughout the years, although it has been falling over time with the current gap being the lowest since Independence.

Q. Which of the words have the same meaning as the word ramifications mentioned in passage?

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 4

Ramifications - Undesirable or unfavorable outcomes; results, repercussions.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 5

Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The overall literacy rates have risen multi-fold in India since Independence from around 18 percent in the 1950s to 74 percent in the last Census. But the averages hide the vast disparities. Female literacy is particularly wanting in the country as a significant proportion of them are still illiterate with major ramifications for the Indian economy.

The lack of education among women prevents their participation in the workforce, thus hindering the country’s development. Many studies have also concluded that female education has a significant impact on the development of future generations as they usually have a more direct role to play in their child’s education than their father. An addition of a year of schooling to a mother’s education has a significantly higher impact on the next generation than an addition to the father’s schooling by the same number of years. Further, better birth outcomes like higher birth weight and lower child mortality are observed among educated mothers.

When compared with the rest of the world, the female literacy rate is considerably low in India at around 60 percent, which is 22 percentage points below the world average. The figure below shows the stark difference in India’s female literacy is not only with the developed countries but also with middle- and lower-income countries like Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe.

Apart from the low female literacy, there is also a wide gender disparity in India’s performance on literacy with a difference of around 20 percentage points between male and female literacy rates. This disparity has been persistent throughout the years, although it has been falling over time with the current gap being the lowest since Independence.

Q. What are/is theeffect(s) of lack of education among women? 

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 5

The lack of education among women prevents their participation in the workforce, thus hindering the country’s development.

Option A is incorrect. The lack of education hinders the country’s development. Not their (women) development.

Option B is incorrect. It is not mentioned in the passage.

Option C is partially incorrect. First part is correct. But the later part contradicts the one mentioned in the passage.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 6

Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The overall literacy rates have risen multi-fold in India since Independence from around 18 percent in the 1950s to 74 percent in the last Census. But the averages hide the vast disparities. Female literacy is particularly wanting in the country as a significant proportion of them are still illiterate with major ramifications for the Indian economy.

The lack of education among women prevents their participation in the workforce, thus hindering the country’s development. Many studies have also concluded that female education has a significant impact on the development of future generations as they usually have a more direct role to play in their child’s education than their father. An addition of a year of schooling to a mother’s education has a significantly higher impact on the next generation than an addition to the father’s schooling by the same number of years. Further, better birth outcomes like higher birth weight and lower child mortality are observed among educated mothers.

When compared with the rest of the world, the female literacy rate is considerably low in India at around 60 percent, which is 22 percentage points below the world average. The figure below shows the stark difference in India’s female literacy is not only with the developed countries but also with middle- and lower-income countries like Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe.

Apart from the low female literacy, there is also a wide gender disparity in India’s performance on literacy with a difference of around 20 percentage points between male and female literacy rates. This disparity has been persistent throughout the years, although it has been falling over time with the current gap being the lowest since Independence.

Q. What is the presentoverall literacy rate in India according the last census?

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 6

The overall literacy rates have risen multi-fold in India since Independence from around 18 percent in the 1950s to 74 percent in the last Census.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 7

Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The overall literacy rates have risen multi-fold in India since Independence from around 18 percent in the 1950s to 74 percent in the last Census. But the averages hide the vast disparities. Female literacy is particularly wanting in the country as a significant proportion of them are still illiterate with major ramifications for the Indian economy.

The lack of education among women prevents their participation in the workforce, thus hindering the country’s development. Many studies have also concluded that female education has a significant impact on the development of future generations as they usually have a more direct role to play in their child’s education than their father. An addition of a year of schooling to a mother’s education has a significantly higher impact on the next generation than an addition to the father’s schooling by the same number of years. Further, better birth outcomes like higher birth weight and lower child mortality are observed among educated mothers.

When compared with the rest of the world, the female literacy rate is considerably low in India at around 60 percent, which is 22 percentage points below the world average. The figure below shows the stark difference in India’s female literacy is not only with the developed countries but also with middle- and lower-income countries like Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe.

Apart from the low female literacy, there is also a wide gender disparity in India’s performance on literacy with a difference of around 20 percentage points between male and female literacy rates. This disparity has been persistent throughout the years, although it has been falling over time with the current gap being the lowest since Independence.

Q. Which of the following statement is true?

I. When compared with the rest of the world, the female literacy rate is considerably low in India at around 50 percent, which is 22 percentage points below the world average

II. Apart from the low female literacy, there is also a wide gender disparity in India’s performance on literacy with a difference of around 20 percentage points between male and female literacy rates.

III. The overall literacy rates have risen multi-fold in India since Independence from around 18 percent in the 1950s to 64 percent in the last Census.

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 7

Option B is correct. 

When compared with the rest of the world, the female literacy rate is considerably low in India at around 60 percent, which is 22 percentage points below the world average.

The overall literacy rates have risen multi-fold in India since Independence from around 18 percent in the 1950s to 74 percent in the last Census.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 8

Directions: In the following questions, two sentences are given and they are followed by some words or phrases. Select the phrase(s) or word(s) from the given options which can be used to connect the two sentences to make a single sentence.

1) Raguram said the Indian banking industry survived through the global banking crisis when huge multi-national banks failed

2) They were not in private hands.

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 8

All of the given options can be used to connect the two sentences.

Raguram said the Indian banking industry survived through the global banking crisis when huge multi-national banks failed because they were not in private hands.

Raguram said the Indian banking industry survived through the global banking crisis when huge multi-national banks failed as they were not in private hands.

Raguram said the Indian banking industry survived through the global banking crisis when huge multi-national banks failed since they were not in private hands.

As/Since/Because are used to connect the sentences which has the result and the reason.

In the given sentence 1 is the result and sentence 2 is the reason for that result.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 9

Directions: In the following questions, two sentences are given and they are followed by some words or phrases. Select the phrase(s) or word(s) from the given options which can be used to connect the two sentences to make a single sentence.

1) India currently has a dozen public sector banks

2) IDBI, in which the government owns 47.11% while the state-owned insurance behemoth Life Insurance Corp owns a 51% stake.

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 9

India currently has a dozen public sector banks in addition to IDBI, in which the government owns 47.11% while the state-owned insurance behemoth Life Insurance Corp owns a 51% stake.  In addition to – besides.

The given sentence says Government has control over dozen PSBs in addition to IDBI.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 10

Directions: In the following questions, two sentences are given and they are followed by some words or phrases. Select the phrase(s) or word(s) from the given options which can be used to connect the two sentences to make a single sentence.

1) Many leaders today send other people in their behalf, and they are the ones who get money and credit for these actions.

2) Gandhi demonstrated humbleness by living in relative poverty voluntarily.

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 10

Many leaders today send other people in their behalf, and they are the ones who get money and credit for these actions. However, Gandhi demonstrated humbleness by living in relative poverty voluntarily.

However is the best connector.

Sentences seek to convey “Many leaders used their power in bad ways whereas Gandhi demonstratedhumbleness”.

Despite doesn’t take preposition “of”. “Despite the fact” is the correct phrase. Options B and D cannot be used to connect.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 11

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/ phrases have been given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

Fear is an emotion induced by perceived danger or threat, which causes physiological changes and ultimately behavioral changes, such as mounting an aggressive response or fleeing the threat. Fear in human beings may occur in response to a certain stimulus occurring in the present, or in anticipation or expectation of a future threat perceived as a risk to oneself. The fear response arises from the perception of danger leading to confrontation with or escape from/avoiding the threat (also known as the fight-or-flight response), which in extreme cases of fear (horror and terror) can be a freeze response or paralysis. In humans and other animals, fear is modulated by the process of cognition and learning. Thus, fear is judged as rational or appropriate and irrational or inappropriate. An irrational fear is called a phobia.

Fear is closely related to the emotional anxiety, which occurs as the result of threats that are perceived to be uncontrollable or unavoidable. The fear response serves survival by engendering appropriate behavioral responses, so it has been preserved throughout evolution. Sociological and organizational research also suggests that individuals' fears are not solely dependent on their nature but are also shaped by their social relations and culture, which guide their understanding of when and how much fear to feel.

Fear of the unknown or irrational fear is caused by negative thinking (worry) which arises from anxiety accompanied by a subjective sense of apprehension or dread. Irrational fear shares a common neural pathway with other fears, a pathway that engages the nervous system to mobilize bodily resources in the face of danger or threat. Many people are scared of the "unknown". The irrational fear can branch out to many areas such as the hereafter, the next ten years or even tomorrow. Chronic irrational fear has deleterious effects since the elicitor stimulus is commonly absent or perceived from delusions. Such fear can create comorbidity with the anxiety disorder umbrella. Being scared may cause people to experience anticipatory fear of what may lie ahead rather than planning and evaluating for the same. For example, "continuation of scholarly education" is perceived by many educators as a risk that may cause them fear and stress and they would rather teach things they've been taught than go and do research. That can lead to habits such as laziness and procrastination. The anxiety (a) of situations that tend to be uncertain and psychological (b) can cause ambiguity (c) in addition to other unpredictable (d) and physical problems in some populations; especially those who engage it constantly, for example, in war-ridden places or in places of conflict, terrorism, abuse, etc. Poor parenting that instills fear can also debilitate a child's psyche development or personality. For example, parents tell their children not to talk to strangers in order to protect them. In school, they would be motivated to not show fear in talking with strangers, but to be assertive and also aware of the risks and the environment in which it takes place. Ambiguous and mixed messages like this can affect their self-esteem and self-confidence. Researchers say talking to strangers isn't something to be thwarted but allowed in a parent's presence if required. Developing a sense of equanimity to handle various situations is often advocated as an antidote to irrational fear and as an essential skill by a number of ancient philosophies.

Though many fears are learned, the capacity to fear is part of human nature. Most studies have found that certain fears (e.g. animals, heights) are much more common than others (e.g. flowers, clouds). These fears are also easier to induce in the laboratory. This phenomenon is known as preparedness. Because early humans that were quick to fear dangerous situations were more likely to survive and reproduce, preparedness is theorized to be a genetic effect that is the result of natural selection. From an evolutionary psychology perspective, different fears may be different adaptations that have been useful in our evolutionary past. They may have developed during different time periods. Some fears, such as fear of heights, may be common to all mammals and developed during the Mesozoic period. Other fears, such as fear of snakes, may be common to all simians and developed during the cenozoic time period. Still others, such as fear of mice and insects, may be unique to humans and developed during the paleolithic and Neolithic time periods (when mice and insects become important carriers of infectious diseases and harmful for crops and stored foods)

Q. Which of the following word is synonymous for deleterious according to the passage?

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 11

Accolade – Approval, commendation, compliment

Pernicious – malicious, deleterious, harmful

Innocuous – innocent, safe, innoxious

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 12

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/ phrases have been given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

Fear is an emotion induced by perceived danger or threat, which causes physiological changes and ultimately behavioral changes, such as mounting an aggressive response or fleeing the threat. Fear in human beings may occur in response to a certain stimulus occurring in the present, or in anticipation or expectation of a future threat perceived as a risk to oneself. The fear response arises from the perception of danger leading to confrontation with or escape from/avoiding the threat (also known as the fight-or-flight response), which in extreme cases of fear (horror and terror) can be a freeze response or paralysis. In humans and other animals, fear is modulated by the process of cognition and learning. Thus, fear is judged as rational or appropriate and irrational or inappropriate. An irrational fear is called a phobia.

Fear is closely related to the emotional anxiety, which occurs as the result of threats that are perceived to be uncontrollable or unavoidable. The fear response serves survival by engendering appropriate behavioral responses, so it has been preserved throughout evolution. Sociological and organizational research also suggests that individuals' fears are not solely dependent on their nature but are also shaped by their social relations and culture, which guide their understanding of when and how much fear to feel.

Fear of the unknown or irrational fear is caused by negative thinking (worry) which arises from anxiety accompanied by a subjective sense of apprehension or dread. Irrational fear shares a common neural pathway with other fears, a pathway that engages the nervous system to mobilize bodily resources in the face of danger or threat. Many people are scared of the "unknown". The irrational fear can branch out to many areas such as the hereafter, the next ten years or even tomorrow. Chronic irrational fear has deleterious effects since the elicitor stimulus is commonly absent or perceived from delusions. Such fear can create comorbidity with the anxiety disorder umbrella. Being scared may cause people to experience anticipatory fear of what may lie ahead rather than planning and evaluating for the same. For example, "continuation of scholarly education" is perceived by many educators as a risk that may cause them fear and stress and they would rather teach things they've been taught than go and do research. That can lead to habits such as laziness and procrastination. The anxiety (a) of situations that tend to be uncertain and psychological (b) can cause ambiguity (c) in addition to other unpredictable (d) and physical problems in some populations; especially those who engage it constantly, for example, in war-ridden places or in places of conflict, terrorism, abuse, etc. Poor parenting that instills fear can also debilitate a child's psyche development or personality. For example, parents tell their children not to talk to strangers in order to protect them. In school, they would be motivated to not show fear in talking with strangers, but to be assertive and also aware of the risks and the environment in which it takes place. Ambiguous and mixed messages like this can affect their self-esteem and self-confidence. Researchers say talking to strangers isn't something to be thwarted but allowed in a parent's presence if required. Developing a sense of equanimity to handle various situations is often advocated as an antidote to irrational fear and as an essential skill by a number of ancient philosophies.

Though many fears are learned, the capacity to fear is part of human nature. Most studies have found that certain fears (e.g. animals, heights) are much more common than others (e.g. flowers, clouds). These fears are also easier to induce in the laboratory. This phenomenon is known as preparedness. Because early humans that were quick to fear dangerous situations were more likely to survive and reproduce, preparedness is theorized to be a genetic effect that is the result of natural selection. From an evolutionary psychology perspective, different fears may be different adaptations that have been useful in our evolutionary past. They may have developed during different time periods. Some fears, such as fear of heights, may be common to all mammals and developed during the Mesozoic period. Other fears, such as fear of snakes, may be common to all simians and developed during the cenozoic time period. Still others, such as fear of mice and insects, may be unique to humans and developed during the paleolithic and Neolithic time periods (when mice and insects become important carriers of infectious diseases and harmful for crops and stored foods)

Note: The sentence may or may not replace the word/phrase printed underlined. Mark the correct option to make the sentence meaningfully and contextually correct. If the sentence is correct as it is given, mark (e) as your answer.

Most studies have found that certain fears (e.g. animals, heights) are much more common than others (e.g. flowers, clouds).

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 12

Most means greatest in number or amount.

Many means a large number of people or things.

Here many studies have found that certain fears (e.g. animals, heights) are much more common than others (e.g. flowers, clouds).

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 13

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/ phrases have been given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

Fear is an emotion induced by perceived danger or threat, which causes physiological changes and ultimately behavioral changes, such as mounting an aggressive response or fleeing the threat. Fear in human beings may occur in response to a certain stimulus occurring in the present, or in anticipation or expectation of a future threat perceived as a risk to oneself. The fear response arises from the perception of danger leading to confrontation with or escape from/avoiding the threat (also known as the fight-or-flight response), which in extreme cases of fear (horror and terror) can be a freeze response or paralysis. In humans and other animals, fear is modulated by the process of cognition and learning. Thus, fear is judged as rational or appropriate and irrational or inappropriate. An irrational fear is called a phobia.

Fear is closely related to the emotional anxiety, which occurs as the result of threats that are perceived to be uncontrollable or unavoidable. The fear response serves survival by engendering appropriate behavioral responses, so it has been preserved throughout evolution. Sociological and organizational research also suggests that individuals' fears are not solely dependent on their nature but are also shaped by their social relations and culture, which guide their understanding of when and how much fear to feel.

Fear of the unknown or irrational fear is caused by negative thinking (worry) which arises from anxiety accompanied by a subjective sense of apprehension or dread. Irrational fear shares a common neural pathway with other fears, a pathway that engages the nervous system to mobilize bodily resources in the face of danger or threat. Many people are scared of the "unknown". The irrational fear can branch out to many areas such as the hereafter, the next ten years or even tomorrow. Chronic irrational fear has deleterious effects since the elicitor stimulus is commonly absent or perceived from delusions. Such fear can create comorbidity with the anxiety disorder umbrella. Being scared may cause people to experience anticipatory fear of what may lie ahead rather than planning and evaluating for the same. For example, "continuation of scholarly education" is perceived by many educators as a risk that may cause them fear and stress and they would rather teach things they've been taught than go and do research. That can lead to habits such as laziness and procrastination. The anxiety (a) of situations that tend to be uncertain and psychological (b) can cause ambiguity (c) in addition to other unpredictable (d) and physical problems in some populations; especially those who engage it constantly, for example, in war-ridden places or in places of conflict, terrorism, abuse, etc. Poor parenting that instills fear can also debilitate a child's psyche development or personality. For example, parents tell their children not to talk to strangers in order to protect them. In school, they would be motivated to not show fear in talking with strangers, but to be assertive and also aware of the risks and the environment in which it takes place. Ambiguous and mixed messages like this can affect their self-esteem and self-confidence. Researchers say talking to strangers isn't something to be thwarted but allowed in a parent's presence if required. Developing a sense of equanimity to handle various situations is often advocated as an antidote to irrational fear and as an essential skill by a number of ancient philosophies.

Though many fears are learned, the capacity to fear is part of human nature. Most studies have found that certain fears (e.g. animals, heights) are much more common than others (e.g. flowers, clouds). These fears are also easier to induce in the laboratory. This phenomenon is known as preparedness. Because early humans that were quick to fear dangerous situations were more likely to survive and reproduce, preparedness is theorized to be a genetic effect that is the result of natural selection. From an evolutionary psychology perspective, different fears may be different adaptations that have been useful in our evolutionary past. They may have developed during different time periods. Some fears, such as fear of heights, may be common to all mammals and developed during the Mesozoic period. Other fears, such as fear of snakes, may be common to all simians and developed during the cenozoic time period. Still others, such as fear of mice and insects, may be unique to humans and developed during the paleolithic and Neolithic time periods (when mice and insects become important carriers of infectious diseases and harmful for crops and stored foods)

Q. Which of the following statements are not true based on the passage given.

I)  Fear is judged as rationalor appropriate and irrational or inappropriate. A rational fear is called a phobia.

II) The fear response serves survival by engendering appropriate behavioral responses, so it has been preserved throughout evolution

III) Fear of the unknown or irrational fear is caused by positive thinking (worry) which arises from anxiety accompanied by a subjective sense of apprehension or dread.

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 13

Fear is judged as rational or appropriate and irrational or inappropriate. An irrational fear is called a phobia.

Fear of the unknown or irrational fear is caused by negative thinking (worry) which arises from anxiety accompanied by a subjective sense of apprehension or dread.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 14

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/ phrases have been given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

Fear is an emotion induced by perceived danger or threat, which causes physiological changes and ultimately behavioral changes, such as mounting an aggressive response or fleeing the threat. Fear in human beings may occur in response to a certain stimulus occurring in the present, or in anticipation or expectation of a future threat perceived as a risk to oneself. The fear response arises from the perception of danger leading to confrontation with or escape from/avoiding the threat (also known as the fight-or-flight response), which in extreme cases of fear (horror and terror) can be a freeze response or paralysis. In humans and other animals, fear is modulated by the process of cognition and learning. Thus, fear is judged as rational or appropriate and irrational or inappropriate. An irrational fear is called a phobia.

Fear is closely related to the emotional anxiety, which occurs as the result of threats that are perceived to be uncontrollable or unavoidable. The fear response serves survival by engendering appropriate behavioral responses, so it has been preserved throughout evolution. Sociological and organizational research also suggests that individuals' fears are not solely dependent on their nature but are also shaped by their social relations and culture, which guide their understanding of when and how much fear to feel.

Fear of the unknown or irrational fear is caused by negative thinking (worry) which arises from anxiety accompanied by a subjective sense of apprehension or dread. Irrational fear shares a common neural pathway with other fears, a pathway that engages the nervous system to mobilize bodily resources in the face of danger or threat. Many people are scared of the "unknown". The irrational fear can branch out to many areas such as the hereafter, the next ten years or even tomorrow. Chronic irrational fear has deleterious effects since the elicitor stimulus is commonly absent or perceived from delusions. Such fear can create comorbidity with the anxiety disorder umbrella. Being scared may cause people to experience anticipatory fear of what may lie ahead rather than planning and evaluating for the same. For example, "continuation of scholarly education" is perceived by many educators as a risk that may cause them fear and stress and they would rather teach things they've been taught than go and do research. That can lead to habits such as laziness and procrastination. The anxiety (a) of situations that tend to be uncertain and psychological (b) can cause ambiguity (c) in addition to other unpredictable (d) and physical problems in some populations; especially those who engage it constantly, for example, in war-ridden places or in places of conflict, terrorism, abuse, etc. Poor parenting that instills fear can also debilitate a child's psyche development or personality. For example, parents tell their children not to talk to strangers in order to protect them. In school, they would be motivated to not show fear in talking with strangers, but to be assertive and also aware of the risks and the environment in which it takes place. Ambiguous and mixed messages like this can affect their self-esteem and self-confidence. Researchers say talking to strangers isn't something to be thwarted but allowed in a parent's presence if required. Developing a sense of equanimity to handle various situations is often advocated as an antidote to irrational fear and as an essential skill by a number of ancient philosophies.

Though many fears are learned, the capacity to fear is part of human nature. Most studies have found that certain fears (e.g. animals, heights) are much more common than others (e.g. flowers, clouds). These fears are also easier to induce in the laboratory. This phenomenon is known as preparedness. Because early humans that were quick to fear dangerous situations were more likely to survive and reproduce, preparedness is theorized to be a genetic effect that is the result of natural selection. From an evolutionary psychology perspective, different fears may be different adaptations that have been useful in our evolutionary past. They may have developed during different time periods. Some fears, such as fear of heights, may be common to all mammals and developed during the Mesozoic period. Other fears, such as fear of snakes, may be common to all simians and developed during the cenozoic time period. Still others, such as fear of mice and insects, may be unique to humans and developed during the paleolithic and Neolithic time periods (when mice and insects become important carriers of infectious diseases and harmful for crops and stored foods

Q. What kind of fear engages the nervous system to mobilize bodily resources in the face of danger or threat according to the passage?

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 14

Irrational fear shares a common neural pathway with other fears, a pathway that engages the nervous system to mobilize bodily resources in the face of danger or threat.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 15

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/ phrases have been given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

Fear is an emotion induced by perceived danger or threat, which causes physiological changes and ultimately behavioral changes, such as mounting an aggressive response or fleeing the threat. Fear in human beings may occur in response to a certain stimulus occurring in the present, or in anticipation or expectation of a future threat perceived as a risk to oneself. The fear response arises from the perception of danger leading to confrontation with or escape from/avoiding the threat (also known as the fight-or-flight response), which in extreme cases of fear (horror and terror) can be a freeze response or paralysis. In humans and other animals, fear is modulated by the process of cognition and learning. Thus, fear is judged as rational or appropriate and irrational or inappropriate. An irrational fear is called a phobia.

Fear is closely related to the emotional anxiety, which occurs as the result of threats that are perceived to be uncontrollable or unavoidable. The fear response serves survival by engendering appropriate behavioral responses, so it has been preserved throughout evolution. Sociological and organizational research also suggests that individuals' fears are not solely dependent on their nature but are also shaped by their social relations and culture, which guide their understanding of when and how much fear to feel.

Fear of the unknown or irrational fear is caused by negative thinking (worry) which arises from anxiety accompanied by a subjective sense of apprehension or dread. Irrational fear shares a common neural pathway with other fears, a pathway that engages the nervous system to mobilize bodily resources in the face of danger or threat. Many people are scared of the "unknown". The irrational fear can branch out to many areas such as the hereafter, the next ten years or even tomorrow. Chronic irrational fear has deleterious effects since the elicitor stimulus is commonly absent or perceived from delusions. Such fear can create comorbidity with the anxiety disorder umbrella. Being scared may cause people to experience anticipatory fear of what may lie ahead rather than planning and evaluating for the same. For example, "continuation of scholarly education" is perceived by many educators as a risk that may cause them fear and stress and they would rather teach things they've been taught than go and do research. That can lead to habits such as laziness and procrastination. The anxiety (a) of situations that tend to be uncertain and psychological (b) can cause ambiguity (c) in addition to other unpredictable (d) and physical problems in some populations; especially those who engage it constantly, for example, in war-ridden places or in places of conflict, terrorism, abuse, etc. Poor parenting that instills fear can also debilitate a child's psyche development or personality. For example, parents tell their children not to talk to strangers in order to protect them. In school, they would be motivated to not show fear in talking with strangers, but to be assertive and also aware of the risks and the environment in which it takes place. Ambiguous and mixed messages like this can affect their self-esteem and self-confidence. Researchers say talking to strangers isn't something to be thwarted but allowed in a parent's presence if required. Developing a sense of equanimity to handle various situations is often advocated as an antidote to irrational fear and as an essential skill by a number of ancient philosophies.

Though many fears are learned, the capacity to fear is part of human nature. Most studies have found that certain fears (e.g. animals, heights) are much more common than others (e.g. flowers, clouds). These fears are also easier to induce in the laboratory. This phenomenon is known as preparedness. Because early humans that were quick to fear dangerous situations were more likely to survive and reproduce, preparedness is theorized to be a genetic effect that is the result of natural selection. From an evolutionary psychology perspective, different fears may be different adaptations that have been useful in our evolutionary past. They may have developed during different time periods. Some fears, such as fear of heights, may be common to all mammals and developed during the Mesozoic period. Other fears, such as fear of snakes, may be common to all simians and developed during the cenozoic time period. Still others, such as fear of mice and insects, may be unique to humans and developed during the paleolithic and Neolithic time periods (when mice and insects become important carriers of infectious diseases and harmful for crops and stored foods)

Note: Four words are given underlined . The sentence is then followed by options with the correct combination of words that should replace each other in order to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct.

The anxiety (a) of situations that tend to be uncertain and psychological (b) can cause ambiguity (c) in addition to other unpredictable (d) and physical problems in some populations.

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 15

The ambiguity (c) of situations that tend to be uncertain and unpredictable psychological (d) can cause anxiety (a) in addition to other psychological (b) and physical problems in some populations.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 16

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/ phrases have been given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

Fear is an emotion induced by perceived danger or threat, which causes physiological changes and ultimately behavioral changes, such as mounting an aggressive response or fleeing the threat. Fear in human beings may occur in response to a certain stimulus occurring in the present, or in anticipation or expectation of a future threat perceived as a risk to oneself. The fear response arises from the perception of danger leading to confrontation with or escape from/avoiding the threat (also known as the fight-or-flight response), which in extreme cases of fear (horror and terror) can be a freeze response or paralysis. In humans and other animals, fear is modulated by the process of cognition and learning. Thus, fear is judged as rational or appropriate and irrational or inappropriate. An irrational fear is called a phobia.

Fear is closely related to the emotional anxiety, which occurs as the result of threats that are perceived to be uncontrollable or unavoidable. The fear response serves survival by engendering appropriate behavioral responses, so it has been preserved throughout evolution. Sociological and organizational research also suggests that individuals' fears are not solely dependent on their nature but are also shaped by their social relations and culture, which guide their understanding of when and how much fear to feel.

Fear of the unknown or irrational fear is caused by negative thinking (worry) which arises from anxiety accompanied by a subjective sense of apprehension or dread. Irrational fear shares a common neural pathway with other fears, a pathway that engages the nervous system to mobilize bodily resources in the face of danger or threat. Many people are scared of the "unknown". The irrational fear can branch out to many areas such as the hereafter, the next ten years or even tomorrow. Chronic irrational fear has deleterious effects since the elicitor stimulus is commonly absent or perceived from delusions. Such fear can create comorbidity with the anxiety disorder umbrella. Being scared may cause people to experience anticipatory fear of what may lie ahead rather than planning and evaluating for the same. For example, "continuation of scholarly education" is perceived by many educators as a risk that may cause them fear and stress and they would rather teach things they've been taught than go and do research. That can lead to habits such as laziness and procrastination. The anxiety (a) of situations that tend to be uncertain and psychological (b) can cause ambiguity (c) in addition to other unpredictable (d) and physical problems in some populations; especially those who engage it constantly, for example, in war-ridden places or in places of conflict, terrorism, abuse, etc. Poor parenting that instills fear can also debilitate a child's psyche development or personality. For example, parents tell their children not to talk to strangers in order to protect them. In school, they would be motivated to not show fear in talking with strangers, but to be assertive and also aware of the risks and the environment in which it takes place. Ambiguous and mixed messages like this can affect their self-esteem and self-confidence. Researchers say talking to strangers isn't something to be thwarted but allowed in a parent's presence if required. Developing a sense of equanimity to handle various situations is often advocated as an antidote to irrational fear and as an essential skill by a number of ancient philosophies.

Though many fears are learned, the capacity to fear is part of human nature. Most studies have found that certain fears (e.g. animals, heights) are much more common than others (e.g. flowers, clouds). These fears are also easier to induce in the laboratory. This phenomenon is known as preparedness. Because early humans that were quick to fear dangerous situations were more likely to survive and reproduce, preparedness is theorized to be a genetic effect that is the result of natural selection. From an evolutionary psychology perspective, different fears may be different adaptations that have been useful in our evolutionary past. They may have developed during different time periods. Some fears, such as fear of heights, may be common to all mammals and developed during the Mesozoic period. Other fears, such as fear of snakes, may be common to all simians and developed during the cenozoic time period. Still others, such as fear of mice and insects, may be unique to humans and developed during the paleolithic and Neolithic time periods (when mice and insects become important carriers of infectious diseases and harmful for crops and stored foods)

Q. What kind of fear developed during Mesozoic period according to the passage?

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 16

Fear of heights, may be common to all mammals and developed during the Mesozoic period.

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 17

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/ phrases have been given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

Fear is an emotion induced by perceived danger or threat, which causes physiological changes and ultimately behavioral changes, such as mounting an aggressive response or fleeing the threat. Fear in human beings may occur in response to a certain stimulus occurring in the present, or in anticipation or expectation of a future threat perceived as a risk to oneself. The fear response arises from the perception of danger leading to confrontation with or escape from/avoiding the threat (also known as the fight-or-flight response), which in extreme cases of fear (horror and terror) can be a freeze response or paralysis. In humans and other animals, fear is modulated by the process of cognition and learning. Thus, fear is judged as rational or appropriate and irrational or inappropriate. An irrational fear is called a phobia.

Fear is closely related to the emotional anxiety, which occurs as the result of threats that are perceived to be uncontrollable or unavoidable. The fear response serves survival by engendering appropriate behavioral responses, so it has been preserved throughout evolution. Sociological and organizational research also suggests that individuals' fears are not solely dependent on their nature but are also shaped by their social relations and culture, which guide their understanding of when and how much fear to feel.

Fear of the unknown or irrational fear is caused by negative thinking (worry) which arises from anxiety accompanied by a subjective sense of apprehension or dread. Irrational fear shares a common neural pathway with other fears, a pathway that engages the nervous system to mobilize bodily resources in the face of danger or threat. Many people are scared of the "unknown". The irrational fear can branch out to many areas such as the hereafter, the next ten years or even tomorrow. Chronic irrational fear has deleterious effects since the elicitor stimulus is commonly absent or perceived from delusions. Such fear can create comorbidity with the anxiety disorder umbrella. Being scared may cause people to experience anticipatory fear of what may lie ahead rather than planning and evaluating for the same. For example, "continuation of scholarly education" is perceived by many educators as a risk that may cause them fear and stress and they would rather teach things they've been taught than go and do research. That can lead to habits such as laziness and procrastination. The anxiety (a) of situations that tend to be uncertain and psychological (b) can cause ambiguity (c) in addition to other unpredictable (d) and physical problems in some populations; especially those who engage it constantly, for example, in war-ridden places or in places of conflict, terrorism, abuse, etc. Poor parenting that instills fear can also debilitate a child's psyche development or personality. For example, parents tell their children not to talk to strangers in order to protect them. In school, they would be motivated to not show fear in talking with strangers, but to be assertive and also aware of the risks and the environment in which it takes place. Ambiguous and mixed messages like this can affect their self-esteem and self-confidence. Researchers say talking to strangers isn't something to be thwarted but allowed in a parent's presence if required. Developing a sense of equanimity to handle various situations is often advocated as an antidote to irrational fear and as an essential skill by a number of ancient philosophies.

Though many fears are learned, the capacity to fear is part of human nature. Most studies have found that certain fears (e.g. animals, heights) are much more common than others (e.g. flowers, clouds). These fears are also easier to induce in the laboratory. This phenomenon is known as preparedness. Because early humans that were quick to fear dangerous situations were more likely to survive and reproduce, preparedness is theorized to be a genetic effect that is the result of natural selection. From an evolutionary psychology perspective, different fears may be different adaptations that have been useful in our evolutionary past. They may have developed during different time periods. Some fears, such as fear of heights, may be common to all mammals and developed during the Mesozoic period. Other fears, such as fear of snakes, may be common to all simians and developed during the cenozoic time period. Still others, such as fear of mice and insects, may be unique to humans and developed during the paleolithic and Neolithic time periods (when mice and insects become important carriers of infectious diseases and harmful for crops and stored foods)

Q. What is the cause of fear according to the passage?

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 17

Fear causes physiological changes and ultimately behavioral changes, such as mounting an aggressive response or fleeing the threat

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 18

Directions: In each of the questions below five sentences are given which may or may not have error, you are required to find out the sentence which is/are error free.

a. New Uttarakhand CM apparently confused Britain with the US, saying that America ruling over India for over 200 years.

b. Nitin Patel said that the state government has not imposed any kind of prohibition on lighting of Holi pyre during the festival of Holi-Dhuleti in the state.

c. The appointment of Ben Baldanza is a part of GoAir’s long-term plans as it looks to the next phase of growth, the airline said in a release.

d. Chief Minister Vijay Rupani, whom went live on his social media account, reiterated that there won’t be any lockdown in the state and people need not panic.

e. The first commercial trans-led tailor shop has opened in Karachi, Pakistan.

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 18

a. New Uttarakhand CM apparently confused Britain with the US, saying that America ruled over India for over 200 years.

Replace “ruling” by “ruled”

c. The appointment of Ben Baldanza is a part of GoAir’s long-term plans as it looks into the next phase of growth, the airline said in a release.

Replace “to” by “into”

d. Chief Minister Vijay Rupani, who went live on his social media account, reiterated that there won’t be any lockdown in the state and people need not panic.

Replace “whom” by “who”

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 19

Directions: In each of the questions below two sentences are given with a blank in it. You have to fill the blank using the same word from the given options in both the sentences.

I) The police are going to ____________the man who keeps committing acts of violence.

II) If Jerry doesn’t stop drinking and driving, the judge will ___________him.

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 19

Incarcerate- to lock a person up as a consequence for his or her actions

The police are going to incarcerate the man who keeps committing acts of violence.

 If Jerry doesn’t stop drinking and driving, the judge will have to incarcerate him

Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 20

Directions: In each of the questions below two sentences are given with a blank in it. You have to fill the blank using the same word from the given options in both the sentences.

I) Most students have the tendency to __________when completing their assignments.

II) The uncertain dress buyer will _________ until she is sure about the type of dress she wants.

Detailed Solution for Test: English Language Test - 4 - Question 20

Procrastinate - to put off until another time

Most students have the tendency to procrastinate when completing their assignments.

The uncertain dress buyer will procrastinate until she is sure about the type of dress she wants.

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