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Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Humanities/Arts MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2

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Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 1

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

i. Institutions operate based on established rules and norms, which can be formal or informal.

ii. The functionalist perspective views social institutions as systems that emerge solely to benefit dominant groups in society.

iii. Family and religion are classified as informal social institutions, while law and education are considered formal institutions.

iv. The conflict perspective emphasizes that social institutions contribute to social equality across different groups.

Detailed Solution for Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 1

- Statement i is correct as institutions do operate based on established rules and can be categorized into formal (e.g., law, education) and informal (e.g., family, religion) types.

- Statement ii is incorrect because the functionalist perspective does not suggest that institutions only benefit dominant groups; rather, it highlights how they meet societal needs.

- Statement iii is correct since family and religion are indeed classified as informal institutions, while law and education are formal.

- Statement iv is incorrect because the conflict perspective argues that social institutions maintain and reinforce social inequalities rather than promote equality.

Therefore, the correct statements are i and iii, making Option A the right choice.

Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 2

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

i. A family is defined as a group of individuals connected solely by marriage.

ii. The functionalist perspective views the nuclear family as the ideal unit for meeting society's basic needs.

iii. In a nuclear family, the husband typically assumes the "affective" role of emotional care.

iv. Kinship links can be established through both blood relations and marriage.

Detailed Solution for Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 2

- Statement i is incorrect because a family includes individuals connected by both blood and marriage, not solely by marriage.

- Statement ii is correct as the functionalist perspective indeed emphasizes the nuclear family as crucial for fulfilling societal needs.

- Statement iii is incorrect because, in the traditional nuclear family model, the husband typically takes on the "instrumental" role (breadwinner), while the wife assumes the "affective" role (emotional care).

- Statement iv is correct as kinship can be formed through both blood relations and marriage. Thus, the correct statements are ii and iv, making Option A the correct answer.

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Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 3

Assertion (A): Stateless societies maintain order through informal social mechanisms rather than formal governmental structures.

Reason (R): Modern states rely solely on formal institutions and laws to maintain order.

Detailed Solution for Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 3
  • The assertion is correct; stateless societies do maintain order using informal mechanisms such as kinship and social rituals.
  • The reason is incorrect; modern states do have formal institutions but may also incorporate informal mechanisms for order.
  • Therefore, while both statements are true, the reason does not correctly explain the assertion, as it overlooks the informal practices present in modern states.
Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 4

Assertion (A): The concept of sovereignty is central to the definition of modern states.

Reason (R): Sovereignty allows states to exercise power without external interference, which is essential for citizenship rights.

Detailed Solution for Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 4
  • The assertion is true; sovereignty is indeed a foundational element of modern statehood, defining its authority over a territory.
  • The reason is also true; sovereignty is crucial for the exercise of citizenship rights as it ensures that external forces do not undermine the state's authority.
  • In this case, the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, as both statements are aligned in their context and implications.
Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 5

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

i. Work is often perceived as exclusively paid employment, which oversimplifies the nature of work.

ii. The informal economy is included in official employment statistics and reflects a significant portion of the workforce.

iii. Modern societies are characterized by a complex division of labor, which contrasts with the more generalized roles in pre-modern economies.

iv. Industrialization led to the separation of work from home environments, centralizing labor in factories.

Detailed Solution for Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 5

- Statement i is correct as it highlights the common misconception about work being limited to paid employment.

- Statement ii is incorrect because the informal economy, which includes various unregulated work forms, is often not reflected in official employment statistics.

- Statement iii is correct as it accurately describes the evolution of labor division in modern societies compared to pre-modern ones.

- Statement iv is also correct, as industrialization indeed resulted in a shift where work was no longer primarily conducted at home but in centralized locations like factories.

Thus, the correct answer is Option C: i, iii, and iv.

Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 6

Detailed Solution for Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 6

Answer: Option B

Solution:
Endogamy refers to the practice of marrying within a specific group (A-1). Exogamy is the practice of marrying outside a specific group (B-2). Monogamy involves one husband and one wife (C-3), while Polygamy involves multiple spouses (D-4).

Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 7

Which sociologist linked Calvinism to the rise of capitalism?

Detailed Solution for Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 7

Max Weber is the sociologist who linked Calvinism to the rise of capitalism, demonstrating how religious beliefs can influence economic behavior.

Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 8

What term describes the ultimate and uncontested political authority of a state over a defined territorial area?

Detailed Solution for Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 8

Sovereignty refers to the ultimate and uncontested political authority of a state over a defined territorial area, establishing the state's independence and control.

Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 9

Which of the following family structures involves living with the wife’s parents?

Detailed Solution for Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 9

Matrilocal family structure refers to living with the wife’s parents. In contrast, patrilocal involves living with the husband's parents, while patriarchal and matriarchal relate to authority and power within the family, not living arrangements.

Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 10

Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Widow remarriage was historically restricted among upper-caste Hindus.
Statement II: Village exogamy is practiced to encourage frequent visits from married daughters to their parents.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Detailed Solution for Test: Understanding Social Institutions - 2 - Question 10

Statement I is true because widow remarriage was historically restricted among upper-caste Hindus, particularly in the 19th century. Statement II is false because village exogamy is practiced to minimize interference from a bride’s natal kin by marrying her into a distant village, thereby reducing the frequency of visits, not encouraging them.

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