Test : Total Station - Civil Engineering (CE) MCQ

Micro processor provided in the instrument helps in saving the data and helps in transferring it to the system, by which it can be viewed in different software.

The slope distance obtained can be used for calculating horizontal distance from the formula, H = S (sin z) where, H = horizontal distance, S = slope distance.

A total station is a combination of an electronic theodolite and an Electronic Distance Measurement. This combination makes it possible to determine the coordinates of a reflector by aligning the instruments cross-hairs on the reflector and simultaneously measuring the vertical, horizontal angles and slope distances.

The difference in elevation can be given as D = V + (I-R) where, V = vertical difference between two points, I = instrument height, R = height of centre of reflector.

The data obtained from the total station can be indirectly used in STAAD Pro, Autodesk Revit, Primavera but it can be directly used in software’s like Arc GIS, Surfer, Auto CAD etc., as they are linked with it.

The vertical distance can be calculated by using the formula,
V_d = S_d*cosZ_a = 12.98*cos (1˚23ꞌ) V_d = 12.97m.

The elevation difference in total station can be calculated as
dz = V_d + (I_h-R_h). On substitution, we get
dz = 14.89 + (9.2-2.8)
dz = 21.29 m.

The elevation of ground beneath the reflector can be given as
R_z = I_z + S_d * cosZ_a + I_h – R_h. On substitution, we get
R_z = 12.76 + (3.76*cos (3˚43ꞌ)) + 2.93 – 0.987
R_z = 18.45 m.

The best procedure while using a Total Station is to set a convenient “north” and carry this through the survey by using back sight process when the instrument is moved.

The basic calculations of total stations include horizontal distance, vertical distance, co-ordinate distance in which, slope distance is used in horizontal distance calculations. It is obtained directly from the total station equipment.