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Test: Columns - Civil Engineering (CE) MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Columns

Test: Columns for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 is part of Civil Engineering (CE) preparation. The Test: Columns questions and answers have been prepared according to the Civil Engineering (CE) exam syllabus.The Test: Columns MCQs are made for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Columns below.
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Test: Columns - Question 1

As per IS 456 ∶ 2000, short axially loaded RC column members using mild steel are des by the equation
where,
Pu = factored axial load on the member
fck = characteristic compressive strength of the concrete
fy = characteristic strength of the compression reinforcement
Ag = gross cross sectional area
Ac = area of concrete
Asc = area of longitudinal reinforcement of column

Detailed Solution for Test: Columns - Question 1

As per IS 456: 2000, Clause 39.3
Short Axially Loaded Members in Compression:
The member shall be designed by considering the assumptions given in clause 39.1 and the minimum eccentricity. When the minimum eccentricity as per clause 25.4 does not exceed 0.05 times the lateral dimension, the member may be designed by the following equation:

Where Pu = Axial load on the member,
fck = Characteristic compressive strength of concrete,
Ac = Area of concrete,
fy = Characteristic strength of the compression reinforcement,
Asc = Area of longitudinal reinforcement for the column.

Test: Columns - Question 2

The ratio of Euler’s buckling loads of column with the same parameters having (i) both ends fixed, and (ii) both ends hinged is

Detailed Solution for Test: Columns - Question 2


For both ends fixed,

And for both ends hinged

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Test: Columns - Question 3

Select the CORRECT name of the column among the given options that should have the ratio of effective length to its least lateral dimension more than 12.

Detailed Solution for Test: Columns - Question 3

Slender column: Cross sections in which the elements buckle locally even before the attainment of yield stress are called slender sections.
The column is classified based on its slenderness ratio.

Considering the x-axis is as major axis because Ixx is greater and the y-axis as the minor axis
a > b ⇒ Ixx > Iyy
Slenderness ratio 

So,

Test: Columns - Question 4

A column has a rectangular cross-section of 10 mm20 mm and a length of 1 m. The slenderness ratio of the column is close to

Detailed Solution for Test: Columns - Question 4


Least radius of gyration will be along the major axis


Slenderness ratio =1000/2.887=3.46

Test: Columns - Question 5

A short axially loaded square column 500 mm × 500 mm is subjected to service load of 2000 kN. Calculate the ultimate load and minimum area of longitudinal reinforcement as per IS 456:2000

Detailed Solution for Test: Columns - Question 5

Given data:
Width of square column (b) = 500 mm
Service load (P) = 2000 kN
Ultimate load (Pu) =?
The minimum area of longitudinal reinforcement (Astmin) = ?
As per IS 456:2000 for the short axially loaded columns -
The minimum area of longitudinal reinforcement or steel (Astmin)
= 0.8% of the gross area of the column
The minimum area of longitudinal reinforcement or steel (Astmin)
= (0.8/100)x5002
The minimum area of longitudinal reinforcement or steel (Astmin)
= 2000 mm2
Ultimateload(Pu) = FOS×Serviceload(P)
Where FOS = Factor of safety = 1.5
Ultimate load (Pu) = 1.5 × 2000 = 3000 kN
Ultimate load (Pu) = 3000 kN

Test: Columns - Question 6

For a long slender column of uniform cross section, the ratio of critical buckling load for the case with both ends clamped to the case with both ends hinged is

Detailed Solution for Test: Columns - Question 6

Test: Columns - Question 7

The limits of percentage 'P' of the longitudinal reinforcement in a column is given by

Detailed Solution for Test: Columns - Question 7

According to Clause 26.5.3.1 of IS 456: 2000, the minimum longitudinal steel reinforcement for the column is 0.8 % of the gross column area and maximum longitudinal steel reinforcement is 6 % of the gross area.
Limit on the minimum reinforcement is specified due to the following reasons:

  • Need to ensure minimum flexural resistance due to unexpected eccentricities that may occur in the column.
  • To account for creep under sustained loading which is predominant in columns.

Important Points
For very large columns, the minimum longitudinal steel reinforcement for the column is 0.8 % of the actual column area.
Other specifications for the column:

Minimum Eccentricity for columns: 

Test: Columns - Question 8

The minimum eccentricity to be considered for an axially loaded RCC column of size 400 mm × 400 mm with unsupported length of 5 m is:

Detailed Solution for Test: Columns - Question 8

As per IS 456: 2000, clause 25.4,
Minimum Eccentricity
All columns shall be designed for minimum eccentricity, equal to the addition of the unsupported length of column divided by 500 and lateral dimensions divided by 30, subject to a minimum of 20 mm.
Where biaxial bending is considered, it is sufficient to ensure that eccentricity exceeds the minimum about one axis at a time.
Calculation:
Unsupported length = 5000 mm
Size of the column = 400 mm
Minimum eccentricity 

But, in no case, the minimum eccentricity should be less than 20 mm.

Test: Columns - Question 9

According to IS 456 : 2000, the minimum and maximum percentage of longitudinal reinforcement in a column (expressed as percentage of gross cross-sectional area of the column), are respectively:

Detailed Solution for Test: Columns - Question 9

Longitudinal Reinforcement:
(i) CI. 26.5.3 of IS 456:2000, specifies that the total area of longitudinal bars in a column section must NOT be less than 0.8% of the gross column area. This limit on minimum reinforcement is imposed because of the following reasons:

  • In order to ensure that a minimum flexural resistance of the column exists due to unexpected eccentricities in the column loading.
  • In compression members, creep under sustained loading is very predominant, especially at low percentages of steel. Thus, the resulting creep stress (due to creep strain) tries to yield the bars. 

(ii) Maximum Reinforcement: The maximum area of cross-section of longitudinal bars must NOT exceed 6% of gross column area. However, in practice, a maximum of 4% is recommended.
Additional Information
Diameter and Number of bar:
(i) The diameter of longitudinal bars in column NOT be less than 12 mm. These bars must NOT be spaced more than 300 mm apart on the column perimeter.
(ii) For rectangular columns. a minimum of 4 bars is provided.
(iii) For Circular columns, a minimum of 6 bars be provided.
Cover = 40 mm or bar diameter

Test: Columns - Question 10

A reinforced concrete column of size 400 mm × 400 mm is having the diameter of longitudinal bar as 20 mm. The pitch of lateral ties in such a case should be:

Detailed Solution for Test: Columns - Question 10

As per IS 456:2000, clause 26.5.3.2 (c), 
Pitch:
The pitch of transverse reinforcement shall be not more than the least of the following distances:

  • the least lateral dimension of the compression members
  • 16 times the smallest diameter of the longitudinal reinforcement bar to be tied (i.e. 16 φmin)
  • 300 mm

The diameter of the Lateral Ties: The diameter of the lateral ties shall be not less than one-fourth of the diameter of the largest longitudinal bar and in no case less than 6 mm.
Calculations: The pitch of transverse reinforcement shall be

  • The lest lateral dimension = 400 mm
  • 16 × 20 mm = 320 mm
  • 300 mm

whichever is smaller
Hence, the pitch of lateral ties shall be kept as 300 mm.

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