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Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - ACT MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test - Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions

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Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 1

A student was interested in determining the relationship between the current, voltage, and resistance in a direct circuit, such as those exemplified by batteries connected to light bulbs. The student built the circuit presented in Figure 1 using a 2 ohm resistor.


The current that flows through the circuit can be calculated using the equation V=IR, where V is the voltage of the battery, I is the current flowing through the circuit, and R is the resistance of the resistor.

The student used a 2 ohm resistor and batteries of various voltages to obtain the results in Table 1. The currents shown in the table are NOT calculated using the formula V=IR, but instead directly measured from the circuit using an ammeter. It is important to note that the measured current will only exactly equal the calculated current if the system contains no internal resistance.

Q. Which of the following shows a possible graphical relationship between current and voltage?

Detailed Solution for Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 1

Using the formula V=IR, we see that voltage and current are directly related, meaning that as one increases, the other increases proportionally. The only graph that gives us this linear relationship is  

Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 2

A student was interested in determining the relationship between the current, voltage, and resistance in a direct circuit, such as those exemplified by batteries connected to light bulbs. The student built the circuit presented in Figure 1 using a 2 ohm resistor.


The current that flows through the circuit can be calculated using the equation V=IR, where V is the voltage of the battery, I is the current flowing through the circuit, and R is the resistance of the resistor.

The student used a 2 ohm resistor and batteries of various voltages to obtain the results in Table 1. The currents shown in the table are NOT calculated using the formula V=IR, but instead directly measured from the circuit using an ammeter. It is important to note that the measured current will only exactly equal the calculated current if the system contains no internal resistance.

Q. In Experiment 1, how much current is most likely flowing through the circuit?

Detailed Solution for Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 2

The passage provides us with a formula to calculate the amount of current running through the circuit, V=IR. We are told the voltage in Experiment 1 is 10 V and the resistor is 2 ohms, so 

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Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 3

Sound waves travel through a medium by mechanically disturbing the particles of that medium. As particles in the medium are displaced by the sound wave, they in turn act upon neighboring particles. In this fashion, the wave travels through the medium through a parallel series of disturbed particles. Like in other forms of motion, the rate at which the sound wave travels can be measured by dividing the distance over which the wave travels by the time required for it to do so.  

Study 1
A group of students hypothesizes that the velocity of sound is dependent upon the density of the medium through which it passes. They propose that with more matter in a given space, each particle needs to travel a shorter distance to disturb the adjacent particles. Using two microphones and a high speed recording device, the students measured the delay from the first microphone to the second. They chose a variety of media, shown in Table 1, and measured the velocity of sound through each using their two-microphone setup. The results are found in Table 1.

Study 2
The students wanted to test their hypothesis by using the same medium at different densities. To do this, they heated pure water to various temperatures and repeated the procedure described in Study 1. Their results can be found in Table 2.

According to Study 2, water at which of the following temperatures yields the greatest velocity of sound?

Detailed Solution for Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 3

Velocities of sound in water can be found in the third column of Table 2.  The highest velocity listed in the table is 1,555 m/s. Temperatures are listed in the first column; this sound velocity occurs in water that is 80°C.

Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 4

Sound waves travel through a medium by mechanically disturbing the particles of that medium. As particles in the medium are displaced by the sound wave, they in turn act upon neighboring particles. In this fashion, the wave travels through the medium through a parallel series of disturbed particles. Like in other forms of motion, the rate at which the sound wave travels can be measured by dividing the distance over which the wave travels by the time required for it to do so.  

Study 1
A group of students hypothesizes that the velocity of sound is dependent upon the density of the medium through which it passes. They propose that with more matter in a given space, each particle needs to travel a shorter distance to disturb the adjacent particles. Using two microphones and a high speed recording device, the students measured the delay from the first microphone to the second. They chose a variety of media, shown in Table 1, and measured the velocity of sound through each using their two-microphone setup. The results are found in Table 1.

Study 2
The students wanted to test their hypothesis by using the same medium at different densities. To do this, they heated pure water to various temperatures and repeated the procedure described in Study 1. Their results can be found in Table 2.

According to the data in Study 1, as density increases, what happens to the velocity of sound?

Detailed Solution for Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 4

The velocity of sound in different media is listed in the third column of Table 1. Density of the media increases as you move down the column. Velocity increases along with density except between iron and lead. This means that no direct relationship between density and velocity can be drawn; the velocity of sound can either increase or decrease as density increases.

Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 5

Sound waves travel through a medium by mechanically disturbing the particles of that medium. As particles in the medium are displaced by the sound wave, they in turn act upon neighboring particles. In this fashion, the wave travels through the medium through a parallel series of disturbed particles. Like in other forms of motion, the rate at which the sound wave travels can be measured by dividing the distance over which the wave travels by the time required for it to do so.  

Study 1
A group of students hypothesizes that the velocity of sound is dependent upon the density of the medium through which it passes. They propose that with more matter in a given space, each particle needs to travel a shorter distance to disturb the adjacent particles. Using two microphones and a high speed recording device, the students measured the delay from the first microphone to the second. They chose a variety of media, shown in Table 1, and measured the velocity of sound through each using their two-microphone setup. The results are found in Table 1.

Study 2
The students wanted to test their hypothesis by using the same medium at different densities. To do this, they heated pure water to various temperatures and repeated the procedure described in Study 1. Their results can be found in Table 2.

In Study 1, which medium tested had the greatest density?

Detailed Solution for Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 5

The densities for the media in Study 1 can be found in Table 1. In the second column of Table 1, the densities are listed in ascending order. Lead has the highest number in that column and therefore has the greatest density.

Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 6

Sound waves travel through a medium by mechanically disturbing the particles of that medium. As particles in the medium are displaced by the sound wave, they in turn act upon neighboring particles. In this fashion, the wave travels through the medium through a parallel series of disturbed particles. Like in other forms of motion, the rate at which the sound wave travels can be measured by dividing the distance over which the wave travels by the time required for it to do so.  

Study 1
A group of students hypothesizes that the velocity of sound is dependent upon the density of the medium through which it passes. They propose that with more matter in a given space, each particle needs to travel a shorter distance to disturb the adjacent particles. Using two microphones and a high speed recording device, the students measured the delay from the first microphone to the second. They chose a variety of media, shown in Table 1, and measured the velocity of sound through each using their two-microphone setup. The results are found in Table 1.

Study 2
The students wanted to test their hypothesis by using the same medium at different densities. To do this, they heated pure water to various temperatures and repeated the procedure described in Study 1. Their results can be found in Table 2.

According to Study 2, over what temperature interval does velocity begin to decrease as water temperature rises?

Detailed Solution for Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 6

Table 2 lists velocity of sound in its third column. As you move down the column, each value corresponds to increasing temperatures. The velocity values increase over each interval until they drop from 1,555 m/s to 1543.05 m/s. This decrease in velocity occurs between 80°C and 100°C according to the corresponding values in the first column of the table.

Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 7

The graph below depicts the position of three different cars over a 15-second time interval.

What is the speed of Car 1 at time = 7s?

Detailed Solution for Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 7

At time = 7 s, Car 1 holds the same position as it did at 6 and 8 seconds, indicating that the car is not moving. If the car is not moving, then it has a speed of 0/s. One helpful method of determining the speed of a car on this graph, or any similar problem you may encounter, is to look at the slope of the graph. A slope of 0 means the car is not moving. A positive or negative slope indicates the car is in fact moving.

Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 8

The graph below depicts the position of three different cars over a 15-second time interval.

At the point where all three cars meet, which car is traveling the fastest?

Detailed Solution for Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 8

The three cars intersect at time = 3s. At this point, one can determine the speed (or velocity) of each car by looking how many meters the car travels per second. At time = 3, car 1 is traveling 1 m per second, car 2 is traveling 2 m per second, and car 3 is traveling 4 m per second. Another way of determining which car is the fastest is by looking at the slopes of each line. The car with the greatest slope is traveling the quickest. 

Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 9

A physicist wishes to study the trajectory of a ball launched horizontally. She varies parameters such as the launching velocity, starting height, and mass of the ball. For each trajectory, she records the time of flight (in seconds) and horizontal displacement (in meters). She assumes air resistance is negligible.

Using all of the data she collects, she constructs the following table:


In Trial 1, if a fourth data point were collected in which the ball was thrown with a launching velocity of 40 m/s, what would be the approximate horizontal displacement in meters?

Detailed Solution for Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 9

Looking at the table, we see that as the launching velocity is increased by 10 m/s in Trial 1, the horizontal displacement increases by about 14 meters.

Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 10

A physicist wishes to study the trajectory of a ball launched horizontally. She varies parameters such as the launching velocity, starting height, and mass of the ball. For each trajectory, she records the time of flight (in seconds) and horizontal displacement (in meters). She assumes air resistance is negligible.

Using all of the data she collects, she constructs the following table:


If all of trial 3 were redone with a launching velocity of 20 m/s instead of 10 m/s, then compared to the data for trial 3 presented in the table, the horizontal displacement for all data points would be which of the following?

Detailed Solution for Test: ACT Physics Data Representation Questions - Question 10

Trial 3 shows us that the mass of the ball does not affect horizontal displacement, so mass can be ignored for this question. Trial 1 shows us that horizontal displacement increases with launching velocity, so we can reason that a higher launching velocity in Trial 3 would result in increased horizontal displacement.

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