Test: Reproductive System - 1 - MCAT MCQ

Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm cell development and maturation. It occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. Within the seminiferous tubules, sperm precursor cells undergo multiple rounds of cell division and differentiation to form mature sperm cells.

The ovaries are the primary reproductive organs in females and are responsible for the production of estrogen and progesterone. These hormones play key roles in regulating the menstrual cycle, supporting pregnancy, and maintaining the health of the reproductive system.

Fertilization, the fusion of a sperm and an egg, typically occurs in the fallopian tubes. After ovulation, the released egg travels through the fallopian tubes, where it may encounter sperm and undergo fertilization. The fertilized egg then continues its journey to the uterus for implantation.

The prostate gland is a part of the male reproductive system. Its primary function is to secrete a fluid that contributes to semen formation. This seminal fluid helps nourish and protect sperm, increasing their chances of successfully fertilizing an egg.

The ovaries are responsible for the development of mature eggs, also known as ova or oocytes, in the female reproductive system. Each month, one egg is released from the ovary during ovulation and has the potential to be fertilized by sperm.

Estrogen is the primary female sex hormone responsible for the development and maintenance of female secondary sexual characteristics. It promotes breast development, widening of the hips, growth of pubic and underarm hair, and regulation of the menstrual cycle.

The uterus, also known as the womb, is responsible for nourishing and supporting a developing fetus during pregnancy. It provides the necessary environment for the implantation and growth of the embryo, and later the fetus, until birth.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is responsible for stimulating the production of sperm in the male reproductive system. It acts on the testes to promote the development and maturation of sperm cells.

The epididymis is a coiled tube located on the posterior surface of the testes. Its main function is to store and facilitate the maturation of sperm cells. During their passage through the epididymis, sperm gain the ability to swim and become capable of fertilization.

The mammary glands, located in the breasts, are responsible for the production and secretion of milk in the female reproductive system. They are activated during pregnancy and lactation to nourish and provide essential nutrients to newborn infants.