MCQ Test: Fundamentals of Computer - 2 - JKSSB Patwari MCQ

Secondary memory refers to the storage devices that are used for long-term storage of data even when the power is turned off. Examples of secondary memory include hard disk drives, solid-state drives (SSDs), optical drives, and magnetic tape drives. RAM (Random Access Memory) is a primary memory, along with cache memory. CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions. ROM (Read-Only Memory) stores permanent data and instructions but is not considered secondary memory.

JavaScript is a programming language that is commonly used for creating interactive elements on web pages, such as dynamic content, form validation, and interactive behavior. Java, Python, and C++ are general-purpose programming languages used for a wide range of applications, while HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a markup language used for structuring web content.

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. It is a reference to a resource on the internet, such as a webpage, image, or file. A URL consists of various components, including the protocol (e.g., HTTP, HTTPS), domain name or IP address, and the path to the resource.

An operating system is a software that acts as an interface between the hardware and the user. Its primary purpose is to control and manage hardware resources, such as the CPU, memory, storage, and input/output devices. The operating system also provides services to application software, manages files and directories, and facilitates user interaction through a user interface.

Cache memory is a small, high-speed memory that is located closer to the CPU. It is used to store frequently accessed data and instructions to improve overall system performance. Cache memory is volatile, meaning its contents are lost when the power is turned off. ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile, while hard disk drives, DVDs, and flash drives are examples of secondary memory.

A firewall is a security device or software that is used to protect a computer network from unauthorized access and potential threats. It monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic, enforcing security policies to allow or block specific connections or packets. Firewalls can prevent unauthorized access attempts, filter malicious traffic, and secure sensitive data within a network.

The file extension .xlsx is associated with spreadsheet software, such as Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets. Spreadsheet software is used for organizing, analyzing, and manipulating numerical data in tabular form. File extensions like .docx (Microsoft Word), .jpg (image), .mp3 (audio), and .exe (executable) are associated with different file formats and applications.

The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is the primary component of a computer responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations. It fetches instructions from memory, decodes them, and executes them by manipulating data stored in memory. The CPU is often referred to as the "brain" of the computer.

An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a unique numeric identifier assigned to each device connected to a computer network. It serves as the device's address, allowing it to send and receive data within the network or over the internet. IP addresses are used to identify the source and destination of network packets and enable communication between devices.

HTTP stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol. It is the protocol used for transmitting and receiving hypertext (web) documents on the internet. HTTP defines the rules and standards for communication between web browsers and web servers, allowing users to access websites, retrieve web pages, submit forms, and interact with web-based applications.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a TCP/IP protocol used in sending and receiving e-mail.

ROM is an acronym for Read-Only Memory. It refers to computer memory chips containing permanent or semi-permanent data. Unlike RAM, ROM is non-volatile; even after you turn off your computer, the contents of ROM will remain. Almost every computer comes with a small amount of ROM containing the boot firmware.

Office Open XML (OOXML) format was introduced with Microsoft Office 2007 and became the default format of Microsoft Word ever since. Pertaining file extensions include: .docx – Word document.

Audio Video Interleave (also Audio Video Interleaved), known by its initials AVI, is a multimedia container format introduced by Microsoft in November 1992 as part of its Video for Windows software. AVI files can contain both audio and video data in a file container that allows synchronous audio-with-video playback

In computing, an input device is a piece of computer hardware equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or information appliance. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mouse, scanners, digital cameras and joysticks.

ROM is read-only, it cannot be changed, it is permanent and non-volatile, meaning it also holds its memory even when power is removed. By contrast, random access memory (RAM) is volatile; it is lost when power is removed.

A system bus is a single computer bus that connects the major components of a computer system, combining the functions of a data bus to carry information, an address bus to determine where it should be sent, and a control bus to determine its operation.

A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building.

Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances (using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the ISM band from 2.4 to 2.485 GHz) from fixed and mobile devices, and building personal area networks (PANs). Invented by Dutch electrical engineer Jaap Haartsen, working for telecom vendor Ericsson in 1994.

CRT : The cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube that contains one or more electron guns and a phosphorescent screen, and is used to display images. It modulates, accelerates, and deflects electron beam(s) onto the screen to create the images.

LCD : A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals. Liquid crystals do not emit light directly, instead using a backlight or reflector to produce images in color or monochrome.