Science Practice Test 1 - UPSC MCQ

Fission

Explanation: Both fission and fusion are nuclear reactions that produce energy, but the applications are not the same. Fission is the splitting of a heavy, unstable nucleus into two lighter nuclei like Uranium splits in Nuclear reactors, and fusion is the process where two light nuclei combine together releasing vast amounts of energy like hydrogen combines to form helium at sun.

Acetic acid
Explanation: Common Acids:-

1. Vinegar (~5% acetic acid)
2. Battery acid (~33% sulphuric acid)
3. Citric acid (found in lemon juice and also used in crystal form for cooking)
4. Tartaric Acid (also used in powdered form for cooking)
5.  Lactic acid (found in sour milk, yohgurt
6. And sometimes even hydrochloric acid (used as a lead or tin soldering flux)

Common Bases:-

1. Sodium bicarbonate (used in cooking and for the relief of acid reflux )
2. Sodium hydroxide  (caustic soda, found in some oven and drain cleaners)
3. Household bleach is a base since it contains sodium or calcium hypochlorite. Pool chlorine also contains the same or similar compounds)
4. Most washing detergents contain mild bases
5. Ammonia (used in some cleaning products)
6. Washing soda (sodium carbonate)
7. Lime (calcium hydroxide)
8. Cement (releases lime on contact with water)

Explanation: Sow Bug,Millipede,Spider,Centipede,Tick are all arthropods

O

Explanation: Blood group O individuals do not have either A or B antigens on the surface of their RBCs, and their blood serum contains IgM anti-A and anti-B antibodies.

Cadmium

Explanation: radioactivity, is the process by which the nucleus of an unstable atom loses energy by emitting radiation, including alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays and conversion electrons. A material that spontaneously emits such radiation is considered radioactive.

Hydrogen

Explanation: greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are:

* water vapor
* carbon dioxide
* methane
* nitrous oxide
* ozone
* chlorofluorocarbons

Methyl isocyanate

Explanation: Methyl isocyanate is used to produce carbamate pesticides. Methyl isocyanate is extremely toxic to humans from acute (short-term) exposure.

Fungus

Explanation: penicillin, the first true antibiotic, was discovered by Alexander Fleming

Tobacco

Explanation: The first genetically modified crop plant was produced in 1982, an antibiotic-resistant tobacco plant.

Great Indian Bustard

Explanation: The great Indian bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) is a tall, long legged bird and is found in India and the adjoining regions of Pakistan.

Rhizome

Explanation: Ginger – Often called ginger root, it is not a root. It is a modified storage stem called a rhizome.

Vitamin – K

Explanation: Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that is most well known for the important role it plays in blood clotting. However, vitamin K is also absolutely essential to building strong bones, preventing heart disease, and crucial part ofother bodily processes.

 0.1 nm to 1 nm

Explanation:it should be smaller then 1 nm

 Increases towards the equator