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Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - UPSC MCQ


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25 Questions MCQ Test - Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2

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Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 1

Consider the following statements.

  1. Deemed forest is forest land that has been notified by the Centre or States.
  2. Protection under the Forest Act means that land cannot be diverted without the consent of the Centre as well as gram panchayats.
  3. The Forest Act puts the onus on those diverting land, to grow trees on an equivalent plot of land twice the razed area, along with a significant monetary penalty.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 1

Statement 1 is incorrect.

  • ‘Deemed forest’ is forest land that has not been notified as such by the Centre or States. The 1996 Godavarman verdict by the Supreme Court enjoined States to bring in such unrecorded land that conformed to the ‘dictionary’ meaning of forest.
  • Protection under the Forest Act means that land cannot be diverted without the consent of the Centre as well as gram panchayats.
  • It also puts the onus on those diverting land to grow trees on an equivalent plot of land twice the razed area, along with a significant monetary penalty.
  • The Forest Act, 1980, now renamed as the Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam — translated as Forest Conservation and Augmentation — only accords protection to a forest that has been declared so in accordance with the provisions of the Forest Act, 1927 and also land that has been specifically notified as forest on or after October 25, 1980. In 1996, the Supreme Court expanded the remit of the Act to areas that were not notified as forest but conformed to the “dictionary” definition of forests.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 2

Consider the following statements regarding Global Multidimensional Poverty Index report of 2023.

  1. Global Multidimensional Poverty Index report of 2023 was released by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Oxford Poverty & Human Development Initiative (OPHI).
  2. According to the report, the incidence of the multidimensional poverty increased from 2015-16 to 2019-21.
  3. Multidimensional poverty estimates act as substitute for National Sample Survey (NSS) consumption-based poverty ratios.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 2

Only Statement 1 is correct.

  • The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index report of 2023 of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Oxford Poverty & Human Development Initiative (OPHI), which was released recently, also shows that the incidence of the multidimensional poverty index declined from 27.5% in 2015-16 to 16.2% in 2019-21.
  • Multidimensional poverty estimates are not substitutes for National Sample Survey (NSS) consumption-based poverty ratios. 
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Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 3

Consider the following statements regarding public documents.

  1. The Evidence Act defines ‘public documents’ as those which form the records of sovereign authority, official bodies, tribunals, and of public offices in any part of India.
  2. It does not include documents kept in foreign country.
  3. The Supreme Court has recently held that chargesheets prepared by investigative agencies are also part of public documents.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 3

Only Statement 1 is correct.

  • The Supreme Court held that chargesheets are not ‘public documents’ and enabling their free public access violates the provisions of the Criminal Code of Procedure as it compromises the rights of the accused, victim, and the investigation agencies.
  • Section 74 of the Evidence Act defines ‘public documents’ as those which form the acts or records of sovereign authority, official bodies, tribunals, and of public offices either legislative, judicial or executive in any part of India, Commonwealth or a foreign country. It also includes public records “kept in any State of private documents”.
  • Meanwhile, Section 76 of the Evidence Act mandates every public officer having custody over such documents to provide its copy pursuant to a demand and payment of legal fee, accompanied by a certificate of attestation along with the date, seal, name and designation of the officer.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 4

The official committees that have estimated the number of people living in poverty in India are

  1. D T Lakdawala committee
  2. Y K Alagh committee
  3. C Rangarajan committee
  4. Suresh Tendulkar committee

Select the correct answer code:

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 4

The official committees that have estimated the number of people living in poverty in India — the working group of 1962; V N Dandekar and N Rath in 1971; Y K Alagh in 1979; D T Lakdawala in 1993; Suresh Tendulkar in 2009; and C Rangarajan in 2014.

Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 5

Consider the following statements regarding e-Courts Integrated Mission Mode Project.

  1. The e-Courts Mission Mode Project, is a Pan-India Project, monitored and funded by the Supreme Court of India.
  2. It aims at computerization of District and subordinate courts across India.
  3. It is implemented in association with the Department of Justice.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 5

Statement 1 is incorrect.

  • The Government has launched the e-Courts Integrated Mission Mode Project in the country for computerization of District and subordinate courts with the objective of improving access to justice using technology. As part of the National e-Governance Plan, the project is under implementation since 2007 for ICT development of the Indian Judiciary based on the “National Policy and Action Plan for Implementation of Information and Communication Technology in the Indian Judiciary”. E-Courts project is being implemented in association with e-Committee Supreme Court of India and Department of Justice. 
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 6

It is important to study the Sun from space because

  1. Sun is the farthest star to Earth
  2. Earth’s atmosphere and the magnetic field act as protective shields that block out harmful radiations, such as UV light.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 6
  • The Sun is the nearest star to us and therefore can be studied in much greater detail than others. Studying the Sun can also help us understand more about other stars. While the Sun supports all life on Earth, it also has various explosive phenomena. These can damage our satellites and communication systems. Studying the Sun may help in providing early warnings for such events.
  • “The various thermal and magnetic phenomena on the Sun are of extreme nature. Thus, the Sun provides a good natural laboratory to understand them, which cannot be directly studied in the lab,” ISRO said.
  • It is important to study the Sun from space because the Earth’s atmosphere and the magnetic field act as protective shields that block out harmful radiations, such as UV light. This means studying the Sun from the Earth can’t provide a complete picture.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 7

Which of the following statements best describe the ‘hawkishstance in RBI monetary policy’? 

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 7

A hawkish stance indicates that the central bank’s top priority is to keep the inflation low. During such a phase, the central bank is willing to hike interest rates to curb money supply and thus reduce the demand. A hawkish policy also indicates tight monetary policy.

Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 8

The Baltoro Glacier is located in 

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 8

The Baltoro Glacier is one of the longest glaciers outside the polar regions. The glacier is located in the Karakoram Range.

Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 9

Consider the following statements regarding G20 or the Group of Twenty.

  1. Like the United Nations, G20 does not have a permanent secretariat.
  2. G20 members represent around 85 per cent of the global GDP and about two-thirds of the world population.
  3. The G20 Presidency is responsible for bringing together the G20 agenda and organising its workings and hosting summits.
  4. All the members of ASEAN are the members of G20

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 9

Statements 1 and 4 are incorrect.

  • The G20 or the Group of Twenty comprises 19 countries (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, United Kingdom, and the United States) and the European Union.
  • These members represent around 85 per cent of the global GDP, over 75 per cent of global trade, and about two-thirds of the world population. As a forum for international economic cooperation, it plays an important role in shaping and strengthening global architecture and governance on all major international economic issues.
  • Unlike the UN, G20 does not have a permanent secretariat or staff. Rather, the G20 Presidency rotates annually among the members – the Presidency is responsible for bringing together the G20 agenda, organising its workings and hosting summits. India holds the Presidency from December 1, 2022, to November 30, 2023.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 10

Consider the following statements.

  1. More than half of the total amount of oxygen in the earth’s atmosphere is created by creatures in the ocean.
  2. Territorial waters as defined by UNCLOS make up more than half of the surface of the Earth.
  3. Oceans store more carbon dioxide than what’s currently found in the earth’s atmosphere.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 10
  • Fishing, shipping, tourism and ocean protection are currently controlled by around 20 organizations. However, their regulations only apply to a distance of 200 nautical miles (370 kilometers) from the coast. Farther out, international waters start, and individual states don’t have any power or say.
  • Although the high seas make up more than half of the surface of the Earth and 61% of all oceans, only 1% of international waters are under protection.
  • The ocean isn’t just important for beach tourists and fishers. We also need it in order to generate sustainable wave and tidal energy, as well as for the production of commodities and even medicine.
  • Some agents used to fight leukemia, for instance, are derived from a shallow water sponge called Tectitethya crypta, which can be found in the waters of the Caribbean. The poison of the fish-eating sea snail Conus magus is being used to develop an effective painkiller.
  • More than half of the total amount of oxygen in our atmosphere is created by creatures in the ocean. At the same time, oceans store 50 times more carbon dioxide than what’s currently found in our atmosphere. The warmer the ocean gets, the less CO2 it can store. It’s a vicious cycle: the warmer it gets, the less our oceans can protect the planet from even more extreme weather events.
  • If temperatures keep increasing at their current speed, scientists believe many shellfish such as mussels and snails will not survive. That’s due to ocean acidification: if the CO2 content in the seawater increases, the PH level in the water changes. The increasing acidity hampers the creation of the chalky shells of the animals. This throws entire biospheres off-balance, and could threaten entire economic sectors, such as the breeding of oysters and mussels.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 11

Consider the following pairs.

  1. Virunga National Park: Peru
  2. Yellowstone National Park: Ecuador
  3. Galápagos Islands: Greece
  4. Mount Athos: Democratic Republic of Congo

How many of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 11
  • Virunga National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo, is home to diverse wildlife, including mountain gorillas and endangered African elephants.
  • Yellowstone National Park, USA, serves as a living laboratory for studying geothermal features and wildlife behaviour.
  • Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, attract scientists and tourists interested in understanding and protecting unique species.
  • Mount Athos, Greece, sustains monastic communities that practice sustainable agriculture and forestry.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 12

India’s first metro rail system built by Indian Railways was at 

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 12
  • The Kolkata Metro Railway, India’s first metro system built by Indian Railways, has decided to replace its steel third rail with a composite aluminium third rail.
  • This move aligns Kolkata Metro with prestigious international metro systems like those in London, Moscow, Berlin, Munich, and Istanbul, which have also made the shift from steel to aluminium third rails.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 13

Consider the following statements regarding Compact of Free Association (COFA).

  1. The Compact of Free Association (COFA)is an international agreement between the U.S. and all the Pacific Island states.
  2. The COFA allows the U.S. to base troops in exchange for economic and migratory benefits.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 13

The Compact of Free Association (COFA) is an international agreement between the U.S. and the three Pacific Island states (Micronesia, Palau, and Marshall Islands). The COFA allows the U.S. to base troops in these countries in exchange for economic and migratory benefits. The COFA also denies military access to these countries by any outside party without U.S. consent.

Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 14

Consider the following statements regarding Red Sand Boa.

  1. The red sand boa is the most venomous snake that lives in the dry parts of the Indian subcontinent.
  2. It’s also known as the Indian sand boa. 
  3. It is classified as ‘Critically Endangered’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) with a declining population trend.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 14

Only statement 2 is correct.

About Red Sand Boa:

  • The red sand boa (Eryx johnii) is a non-venomous snake that lives in the dry parts of the Indian subcontinent.
  • It’s also known as the Indian sand boa.The red sand boa is a thick-set snake that’s usually reddish-brown, known for its blunt tail, which it uses to mimic its head when it senses a threat.
  • Classified as ‘Near Threatened’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) with a declining population trend.
  • The red sand boa is highly sought after in the illegal wildlife trade due to its demand in the pet trade and its use in black magic.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 15

Consider the following statements.

  1. RTI Portal Gateway to the citizens is an initiative taken by Department of Personnel and Training.
  2. Under the RTI law, information commissions are the final appellate authority and are mandated to safeguard and facilitate people’s fundamental right to information.
  3. The RTI law mandated that one-third of the posts in the information commissions are to be occupied by women.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 15

Statement 3 is incorrect.

  • Right to Information Act 2005 mandates timely response to citizen requests for government information. It is an initiative taken by Department of Personnel and Training, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions to provide a– RTI Portal Gateway to the citizens for quick search of information on the details of first Appellate Authorities, PIOs etc. amongst others, besides access to RTI related information / disclosures published on the web by various Public Authorities under the government of India as well as the State Governments
  • Under the RTI law, information commissions are the final appellate authority and are mandated to safeguard and facilitate people’s fundamental right to information.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 16

Consider the following statements regarding Deemed-to-be-university.

  1. The UGC Act, 1956 provides that the Central Government may declare by notification in the Official Gazette that any institution of higher education, other than a university, shall be deemed to be a university.
  2. Like other universities, the Deemed-to-be-university does not have the autonomy of offering various courses and examinations.
  3. Recently National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has been granted the deemed-to-be-university status.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 16

Statement 2 is incorrect.

  • National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has been granted the deemed-to-be-university status by the Ministry of Higher Education.
  • An institution of higher education, other than a university, doing the work of high standard in a specific area, can be declared as an institution deemed to be university. The section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956 provides that the Central Government may, on the advice of the Commission, declare, by notification in the Official Gazette that any institution of higher education, other than a university, shall be deemed to be a university for the purpose of this Act and on such a declaration being made, all the provisions of this Act shall apply to such institution as if it were a university under the meaning of clause (f) of section 2 of the UGC Act.
  • Such institutions enjoy the academic status and privileges of a university. This status provides fillip to these institutions to strengthen their academic activities in their specialized fields. Deemed to be universities, like other universities, have the autonomy of offering various courses and therefore, preparing students for various examinations and awards. These institutions design their own syllabus and courses to prepare the students to foray into diverse fields after the completion of their study.
  • These Institutions have expanded the base of higher education in the country and are offering education and research facilities in various disciplines such as Health Sciences, Engineering & Technology, Management, Languages, Humanities & Social Sciences, Sciences, Education, Law, Agricultural Sciences, Fisheries, Forestry, Defence Technology, Maritime Education, Yoga, Music & Fine Arts, etc.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 17

Consider the following statements.

  1. India does not have formal diplomatic ties with Taiwan.
  2. While following the One-China policy, India has established India-Taipei Association (ITA) in Taipei for diplomatic engagements.
  3. Taiwan Straitis a narrow body of water that separates the Taiwan from the mainland China.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 17

India does not have formal diplomatic ties with Taiwan yet.

While following the One-China policy, India has an office in Taipei for diplomatic functions — India-Taipei Association (ITA) is headed by a senior diplomat. Taiwan has the Taipei Economic and Cultural Center (TECC) in New Delhi. Both were established in 1995.

Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 18

Consider the following statements.

  1. The term “special session” which is convened for specific occasions or commemorating milestones is defined in the Constitution of India.
  2. The Central government, through the Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs, decides when Parliament meets, including session dates and durations.
  3. The provision that mandates that there should not be more than a six-month gap between two parliamentary sessions was adapted from the IndianCouncils Act 1909.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 18

Only statement 2 is correct.

  • The term “special session” is not defined in the Constitution but is often used for sessions convened for specific occasions or commemorating milestones.
  • The government, through the Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs, decides when Parliament meets, including session dates and durations.
  • The Constitution mandates that there should not be more than a six-month gap between two parliamentary sessions. This provision was adapted from the Government of India Act of 1935
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 19

Consider the following statements regarding Negotiable Warehouse Receipts.

  1. It allows transfer of ownership of that commodity stored in a warehouse without having to deliver the physical commodity.
  2. They are issued by registered warehouses and enables farmers to seek loans from banks against NWRs.
  3. It is regulated by APEDA.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 19
  • Negotiable warehouse receipt, which was launched in 2011, allows transfer of ownership of that commodity stored in a warehouse without having to deliver the physical commodity. These receipts are issued in negotiable form, making them eligible as collateral for loans.
  • Warehouse receipts are made negotiable under the Warehouse (Development and Regulation) Act, 2007, and regulated by the Warehousing Development and Regulatory Authority (WDRA).
  • NWR are issued by registered warehouses enables farmers to seek loans from banks against NWRs
  • The government has rolled out negotiable warehousing receipts in electronic format that farmers can use to avail of bank credit easily and without fear of losing or misusing it.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 20

Consider the following statements regarding Gravitational waves.

  1. Gravitational waves are ripples in the fabric of space and time that travel at the speed of light.
  2. They are created by the motion of black holes or neutron stars.
  3. Gravitational waves are extremely weak and difficult to detect.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 20

Gravitational Waves

  • Gravitational waves are ripples in the fabric of space and time that travel at the speed of light. They are created by the motion of massive objects, such as black holes or neutron stars, which generate gravitational waves when they orbit or collide with each other.

The science behind Gravitational waves:

  • According to Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity (1916), any object with mass warps the space-time around it. When two massive objects orbit each other or collide, they produce ripples or waves in space-time that propagate outward at the speed of light.
  • Gravitational waves are extremely weak and difficult to detect. They were first directly detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) in 2015, a century after they were predicted by Einstein’s theory.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 21

Consider the following statements regarding Know India Programme.

  1. Know India Programme is an orientation programme for elder generation in Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) conducted with a view to promote awareness on different facets of life in India and the progress made by India in various fields.
  2. It is the initiative of the Ministry of External Affairs

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 21

Know India Programme of the Ministry of External Affairs is a three-week orientation programme for diaspora youth conducted with a view to promote awareness on different facets of life in India and the progress made by the country in various fields e.g. economic, industrial, education, science & technology, communication & information Technology, culture. KIP provide a unique forum for students & young professionals of Indian origin to visit India, share their views, expectations & experiences and to develop closer bonds with the contemporary India.

Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 22

Consider the followings statements.

  1. Personalised Adaptive Learning (PAL) is an educational approach that uses technology like artificial intelligence (AI), to customize the learning experience for individual students based on their unique need.
  2. Personalised Adaptive Learning (PAL) has been integrated into Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing (DIKSHA) platform since its inception.
  3. Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing (DIKSHA) is an initiative of National Council for Educational Research and Training (NCERT), under the aegis of the Ministry of Education (MoE).

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 22

Statement 2 is incorrect.

  • The National eGovernance Division (NeGD) plans to integrate Personalised Adaptive Learning (PAL) into the Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing (DIKSHA) platform (Ministry of Education), aiming to offer individualized learning experiences for students.

What is PAL?

  • Personalised Adaptive Learning (PAL) is an educational approach that uses technology, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), to customize the learning experience for individual students based on their unique needs, abilities, and progress.
  • DIKSHA (Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing) is a national platform for school education, an initiative of National Council for Educational Research and Training (NCERT), under the aegis of the Ministry of Education (MoE), GoI.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 23

Consider the following statements regarding Mitakshara Law.

  1. The Mitakshara school of Hindu law specifies procedures for succession and inheritance.
  2. It states that a son, grandson, and great-grandson have a right to family property through birth.
  3. The Mitakshara School of Law is followed in every state in India.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 23

Statement 3 is incorrect.

  • The Mitakshara school of Hindu law is a well-known school of thought that specifies procedures for succession and inheritance. The Mitakshara school of thought states that a son, grandson, and great-grandson have a right to family property through birth.
  • The Mitakshara School of Law is followed in every state in India, except for West Bengal and Assam. 
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 24

Consider the following statements regarding Stem cells.

  1. Stem cells are cells from which all other cells in the body, with specialized functions, are generated.
  2. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is used to treat conditions like leukaemia and lymphoma.
  3. Autism spectrum disorder is a neurological and developmental disorder that can be cured using Stem cell therapy.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 24

Statement 3 is incorrect.

  • Stem cells are cells from which all other cells in the body, with specialized functions, are generated. There are two main categories: pluripotent stem cells, which can differentiate into any cell type in the adult body, and adult stem cells, which are tissue-specific and can only generate cells for a particular organ.
  • Stem cells have been used in medicine, particularly in regenerative medicine, for over 90 years. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, for instance, is used to treat conditions like leukaemia and lymphoma, where healthy stem cells are introduced to replace damaged cells.
  • Autism spectrum disorder is a neurological and developmental disorder affecting communication, behaviour, and learning. While there is no cure for ASD, various therapies are used to manage symptoms and improve the individual’s quality of life.
Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 25

Consider the following statements regarding declaring the election of a Member of Parliament as null and void.

  1. According to Representation of the People Act (RPA), 1951 only the Supreme Court can declare an election of a Member of Parliament as void on grounds of Corrupt practices or Failing to declare election expenses.
  2. The aggrieved person cannot appeal against the order of the Court and the matter has to be settled by the Election Commission.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: September 2023 Weekly Current Affair - 2 - Question 25

Representation of the People Act (RPA), 1951 enables the High Court to declare an election void on certain grounds (Conviction of certain offences, Corrupt practices, Failing to declare election expenses, Interests in government contracts or works). The aggrieved person can appeal to the Supreme Court against the order of the High Court.

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