Test: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production - 2 (Old NCERT) - Grade 12 MCQ

Crop production can be increased by adopting a number of methods like using seeds of improved varieties, using modern method of agriculture, using fertilizers and pesticides. An improved seed variety is most important for better yield.

Hybrid obtained from two different plants have one or more traits superior than either of parents. This condition of having superiority of the hybrid is called heterosis.

The correct option is Option D.
Biopesticides are derived from animals, plants and other natural materials such as fungi, bacteria, algae, viruses, nematodes and protozoa.

plants with superior phenotype is selected form the different varieties of particular species for further propagation. This process is called mass selection. It is a method of improvement in plant varieties.

Polyploidy is a condition in which multiple sets of chromosome is present in same cell in place of usual two sets (diploid). Cell division involves karyokinesis followed by cytokinesis. Colchicine prevents the cytokinesis that results the more than two sets of chromosome.

The theory of inheritance of acquired traits is given by Weismann. Mendel gave the theories of inheritance that includes the law of dominance, the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment.

In meristem culture, the shoot apical meristem alongwith some surrounding tissue is grown in vitro. It is used for clonal propagation and recovery of virus free plants. It is also potentially useful in germ plasma exchange and long term storage of germ plasma through freeze preservation.

Emasculation is the technique of removing anther from bisexual flower to prevent self-pollination. The stigma is further covered with butter paper to prevent air born pollination.

Himgiri wheat variety is resistant to disease like leaf and strip rust and hill bunt disease that cause great loss of productivity due to loss of plant parts.

Pure line is necessary for carrying out breeding programmers. Pure line is obtained by inbreeding plants followed by test crossing until we get homozygous plants for particular traits.

Glomus is an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. It helps in nutrient uptake mainly the absorption of phosphorus.

Genetically modified foreign DNA is transferred into crops plants through a vector. Agrobacterium tumefaciens is most common bacterium used for this purpose.

The crosses between two plants of same varieties is called intravarietal cross. The hybrid obtained from intravarietal cross is more vigorous as they are heterogenic.

Alternate source of proteins for animals and human nutrition is single cell protein. Microbes are grown on industrial scale as source of good protein. Microbes like Spirulina on waste water of potato processing plants.

Hybrid vigour is mostly due to heterozygosity of traits. The hybrid contain genome from both the parents that make them more vigorous.

Norin-10 gene is used to obtain dwarf varieties of crops like rice and wheat. This gene is introduced in crop plants by using technique of genetic engineering.

Spirulina is single celled algae that can be easily grown in starch containing medium life waste water from potato processing plants. It contains high quantity of protein that can be easily used by human beings.

Bio-fortification is the breeding of crops with higher levels of vitamins and minerals to improve public health. Nutritional quantity is increased for protein, vitamins and minerals.

Poultry is the class of domesticated fowl or bird used for their meat or their egg. They include chicken, duck and sometimes turkey and geese.

MOET stands for Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer technology. In this technology hormone is administrated for multiple ovulation followed by artificial insemination and transfer the embryo into surrogate cow.

Blue revolution is related to fish production. This revolution is brought about by using aquaculture and pisciculture on the line of green revolution for wheat production.

Local inferior breed of cow is changed into superior breed by Hybridisation methods. In this method superior bull is required to breed for 6-7 generations to get desired traits.

Hilsa is not a common fresh water fish. It is a marine fish. Common fresh water fish are Catla, Rohu and Common carp.