JPSC Prelims Paper 2 Mock Test - 2 - JPSC (Jharkhand) MCQ

• Bhagirath Manjhi was the leader of the Kherwar movement.
• Bhagirath Manjhi demanded that a Santal Raj should be introduced.
• The Kherwar movement gained momentum in 1874 with incredible support from Santhal tribals after exorbitant rents were imposed on them.
• The movement is also known as Sapha Har Movement.
• This movement had popularized the concept of One God as well as aimed at social reform.
• This was one of the non-violent tribal movements of India.

• The religious head of the Munda village is called Pahan. 
• The village priest, i.e. the pahan, is responsible for presiding over the worship of these gods at the sacred grove of the village.
• The Mundas believe him to be an intermediary between the gods and the commoners.
• The Pahan offers sacrifices to the gods and the spirits to invoke their blessings for the welfare of the people.
• The most common of the equipment used by the Pahan during sacrificial rituals are the Sarna Sup and the sacrificial knife used for beheading the sacrificial fowl.
• Pahan holds his position by right of birth and the position in most of the villages is hereditary. After the death of Pahan his eldest son becomes Pahan. 
• Pahnai or the Dali Katari, a separate piece of land is presented to the Pahan by the villagers as remuneration of his services.

Munda

• They mainly inhabit the region of Jharkhand, Although they are well spread in the states of West Bengal, Chhatisgarh, Orissa and Bihar. Munda generally means headman of the village.
• They have traditionally been farm labourers, woodcutters and basket weavers.
• The main occupation of the Munda men and women is agriculture with most working fields owned by others.

• State Steering Committee is responsible for ensuring resource mobilization and timely delivery of Mitigation and Adaptation Plan.
• Supported by UNDP, the state government of Jharkhand initiated the action plan development process in May 2011 with the formation of the State Steering Committee and State Advisory Group.
• Responsibility of the committee-
  • Responsible for providing constructive feedback to the working groups and ensuring resource mobilization for the development of the plan.
  • Responsible for timely delivery of the plan.
• The state-level steering committee is headed by the Development Commissioner of the state and included chief secretaries of 13 departments, chairperson of state pollution control board and Member Secretary Pollution control board of Jharkhand.
• The steering committee was to coordinate the whole planning process by ensuring interaction and action between various departments.
• The committee has mandated the role of overseeing aspects of the state’s preparations and initiatives to develop plans on climate change. 
• The SAG is a 25 member team comprising experts and administrators from government, education institutions and private entities.

• After Jharia, North Karnapura has got 2nd largest proven reserves of coal in Jharkhand.
• Jharkhand owns about 40% of the total mineral resources of India.
• It occupies the first position in coal reserves, 2nd position in Iron, 3rd position in Copper ore reserve.
• Further, it is the only state in India to produce coking coal, uranium, and pyrite.
• Jharkhand has 45563 million tonnes proven reserves.
• Jharia coalfield represents the largest coal reserves in India.
• North Karanpura Coalfield is located in Ranchi, Hazaribagh, Chatra and Latehar districts of Jharkhand
• North Karnapura produces more than 20 million tonnes per annum and comes second after Jharia coalfields.
• There are nine coal blocks in Jharkhand - Gondulpara (Hazaribagh), Choritand Tiliaya (Bokaro), Chakla (Latehar), Chitarpur( Latehar), North Dhadu (Latehar), Seregarha (Latehar), Rajhara North(Central and Eastern, Palamu), Urma Paharitola (Dumka and Pakur) and Brahmadiha (Giridih).

Jharkhand Textile, Apparel and Footwear Policy 2016

• The policy was formulated in 2016.
• The policy has declared textile as a “Thrust Area”.
• The vision is to establish the textile and garment industry of Jharkhand, as a producer of internationally competitive value-added products.
• Another vision is to reinforce the value chain of the textile industry across the State through capital infusion, technology transfer, skill up-gradation and handholding.

Some of the objectives of the policy-

• To achieve higher and sustainable growth in the entire textile value chain from fibre to finished products, with emphasis on balanced regional development.
• Promoting the well-being of the cooperative sector spinning mills equip the Industry to withstand pressures of import penetration and maintain a dominant presence in the domestic market.
• To support the industry with skilled human resources and to create at least 5 lakhs new employment opportunities in the State under the Policy period.
• Infrastructure development to make Units globally competitive and meet the export compliance through Cluster-based Textile Parks, Mega Projects and CETPs etc.

• The natural resources, policy incentives and location-specific advantages of Jharkhand support investments in sectors such as mining and metal extraction, engineering, iron and steel, and chemicals.
• At current prices, Jharkhand’s total GSDP stood at Rs. 3,61,381 crore (US$ 49.48 billion) in 2021-22, a 5% increase over FY20.
• The Government has made 16 policies to ensure industrialization in Jharkhand.
• The policies are-
  • Jharkhand Industrial and Investment Promotion Policy 2021
  • Jharkhand Corporate Social Responsibility (Establishment of Jharkhand CSR Authority) Policy, 2020
  • Jharkhand Special Economic Zone Policy
  • Jharkhand Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development Rules -2017
  • Jharkhand Automobile and Auto-Component Policy 2016
  • Jharkhand Startup Policy-2016
  • Jharkhand Export Policy 2016
  • Jharkhand Industrial Park Policy 2016
  • Jharkhand Single Window Clearance Act 2016
  • Jharkhand Textile Apparel & Footwear Policy 2016
  • Jharkhand EDSM Policy-2016
  • Jharkhand Special Economic Zone Policy
  • Jharkhand Procurement Policy 2014
  • Jharkhand Energy Policy 2012
  • Jharkhand State Water Policy, 2011

• Jojohatu is a village situated 22 km, west of Chaibasa (a town in West Singhbhum district).
• It is noted for its Chromites deposits and iron ore mine by the Singhbhum Chromites Company and the TISCO.
• In this belt, the ultramafic rocks hosting chromite are intrusive into the rocks of the Iron Ore Super Group represented by the Chaibasa Group.
• These occurrences are located in Anjadbera and Sahadeva Reserve forest area.
• In this area since all the primary silicates are altered, chromite has been used for host rock petrogenesis.
• Chromite occurs in different forms-
  • mainly cumulus phases in chromitite layers
  • intercumulus phases forming banded/net textured chromite
  • fine disseminations
• Deposits of Chromites are exposed around Jojohatu, Hatmagariya, Keshargariya, Roroburu, Chitungburu, Kimsiburu, Kittaburu.

• Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act (CNT act) is a significant act for the tribal population of Jharkhand.
• The Act came into force on the 11th of November 1908.
• It was first published in the Calcutta Gazette.
• It received the assent of the Governor-General on the 29th of October 1908.
• It prohibits the transfer of tribal land to non-tribals and protects community ownership.
• The act is listed in the Ninth Schedule of the Indian Constitution. Hence, it is beyond judicial review. 
• This Act is applicable in North Chota Nagpur, South Chota Nagpur and Palamau divisions, including areas under several municipalities and notified area committees.
• As per Section 3(xiii), "korkad" means land by whatever name locally known such as 'babhala khandwat, 'jalsasan' or 'ariat', which has been artificially leveled or embanked primarily for the cultivation of rice.

• Birsa Agricultural University is an agricultural university at Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand.
• Birsa Agricultural University was established on 26th June 1981 after its formal inauguration by the then Prime Minister of India, Late Smt. Indira Gandhi.
• Its primary objective is to develop area specific technologies and manpower in the field of agriculture, animal husbandry and forestry for the agricultural development of the plateau region of Jharkhand and economic upliftment of tribal and other backward class populations of the region.
• The programmes and activities of teaching, research and extension are carried out through three faculties-
  • Agriculture
  • Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry
  • Forestry

• The stories of the ancestors of the Mundas are part of oral tradition, i.e. Sosobonga.
• Sosobonga is the prayer of the Soso tree. It is also known as Asur Kahani.
• It describes the rise of the Supreme God of the Mundas, the Singbonga, his conquest of the Asurs, and so on.
• It is narrated to present how human life came into existence.
• It is the ultimate expression of love and respect for our Mother Earth within the Munda and the Asur people.

Munda

• They mainly inhabit the region of Jharkhand, Although they are well spread in the states of West Bengal, Chhatisgarh, Orissa and Bihar. Munda generally means headman of the village.
• They have traditionally been farm labourers, woodcutters and basket weavers.
• The main occupation of the Munda men and women in agriculture with most working fields owned by others.

Direct benefit transfer(DBT) is an attempt of the Indian government to change the mechanism of giving subsidies to the common people.

• It was launched on 1st January 2013.
• This scheme aimed to reduce delay and the role of middlemen.
• Under this program, subsidies that are given to the people will be directly transferred to the bank accounts.
• Jharkhand is the first state in India to launch this scheme in kerosene.
• The aim is to eliminate black marketing and reduce adulteration of cheap lighting fuel and cooking fuel.
• It is initially rolled out in four districts Khunti, Hazaribagh, Chatra, and Jantara.

Jharkhand State Disaster Management Authority(JDMA) was created on 28 May 2010. 

• The State Disaster Management Authority was notified in Jharkhand in 2008
• But it remained dysfunctional in the absence of a proper board.
• Jharkhand state disaster management authority(JDMA) was created on 28 May 2010. 
• About 100 home guard jawans were provided disaster response training a few years back.
• But this initiative could not get success due to a lack of funds.
• On the lines of NDMA, the SDMA (State disaster management authority) of Jharkhand has modeled.
• To respond to exigencies of all kinds, the Jharkhand government hopes to raise its own force.

The National Green India Mission is one of the eight missions in India under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC).

• It will be tackling the challenge of climate change.
• The main aim of this mission is to protect restore and enhance India’s diminishing forest cover and respond to climate change by a combination of adaptation and mitigation measures.
• This mission has adopted an integrated cross-sectoral approach as it will be implemented on both public as well as private lands with a key role of the local communities in planning, decision making, implementation, and monitoring.
• It was launched in February 2014 for safety and restoring India's declining forests.
• Mitigation measures and action plans are being prepared to deal with the threat of climate change.
• Greenery will come under the Green India Mission.
• Under this program, greenery will be brought into the forests where the plants are fewer.
• The concerned departments will work by creating a community on the rural level.
• Skill development schemes like rainwater harvesting and generating greenery are implemented under this program.

Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd(GRSE) is among India's leading shipyards.

• It is located in West Bengal and it builds and repairs naval and commercial vessels.
• The GRSE has shipbuilding facilities in Kolkata and Ranchi.
• GRSE Ranchi Diesel Engine Plant produces licensed engines.
• Testing, assembling, overhauling (up to W6 Routines) for MTU 396, 4000 & 538 series engines are carried out here.
• Manufacturing of portable steel bridges has been started in this plant since May 2016.

• Shaheed Nirmal Mahto Park included in the Jharparks program in Jharkhand is located in the Hazaribagh district.
• Shaheed Nirmal Mahto Park is named after Nirmal Mahto, a political activist and prominent leader of Jharkhand Mukti Morcha.
• He was the chief architect of All Jharkhand Students Union.
• He was a prominent leader in the agitation for a separate state of Jharkhand.
• The park constitutes of a rose garden along with a different variety of flowers.
• It is the state's first Dinosaur theme park inaugurated by governor Syed Ahmed.

• Under Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 stipulates mandatory consent of 70% of people in Public-Private Partnership Project,
• The Bill circumscribe mandatory agreement of at least 70% of affected farmers for acquiring land for public-private partnership (PPP) projects and 80% for private companies.
• The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 is based on the thought of an impartial, fair, and transparent land acquisition network as well as the functioning of the authorities.
• It underlaid the process for land acquisition to involve a Social Impact Assessment survey, a preliminary notification stating the implication for acquisition, a declaration of acquisition, and compensation to be given by a certain time.

Birsa Munda stood against the exploitation and discrimination against the tribal which led to the formation of the Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act in the year 1908.

• It restricted the passing of land from tribal people to non-tribal people.
• Section 46 of this act says that tribal people can transfer land to tribal people only with the permission of the deputy commissioner.
• Also, Adivasi can transfer their land to only another Aadivasi of the same police station with the permission of the deputy commissioner.

Ramdayal Munda is the author of Adhi Dharam.

• It unfolds before us a way of life, based on Egalitarian Principles, a continuum of nature, ancestor and human, and a symbiosis between human and animal kingdom.
• The survival of the Adi Dharam is, therefore, crucial for the survival of all, the toiling and peace-loving people of the world, both indigenous and non-indigenous.

Cleveland had set up a ‘Hill Assembly Plan’ for the development of Adivasi. 

• Cleveland’s Hill Assembly Plan for Rajmahal Hills of Santhal Pargana is the policy to provide arms to Paharia archers like regular police and transfer the cash of Paharias to the tribunal of the chief.
• Mr. Cleveland to this, established a regular market here encouraging Adivasis for selling forest produces in the haat or local market.
• He placed the entire range of hills inhabited by Pahariyas under a uniform administration of Hill assembly under hereditary hill chiefs, called sardars.

• The main profession of the Sadan of Jharkhand is Agriculture.
• Sedans are the native Indo-Aryan speaking ethnolinguistic groups of Jharkhand.
• They refer to non-tribal Indo-Aryan ethnic groups of Jharkhand.
• These people are generally known for their agriculture activities.

Sujatha Singh

• Sujatha Singh is an Indian career diplomat who performed his duties as India's Foreign Secretary from August 2013 to January 2015.
• Previously in her tenure, she had been the Indian Ambassador to Germany (2012–2013).
• Singh is an Indian Foreign Service officer of the 1976 batch.
• She is a fluent German speaker and served in various situations at the Indian embassies in Bonn, Accra, Paris, and Bangkok.
• She was India's Consul general at Milan during 2000–04.
• She has also performed as India's High Commissioner to Australia (2007–2012).
• In Delhi, she has worked as the Ministry's Economic Co-ordination Unit and dealt with Nepal, West Europe, and the EU as director, undersecretary, and joint secretary.

Santosh Trophy:

• The Santosh Trophy is a federation of football knock-out competition contested by the regional state associations and government institutions under the All India Football Federation (AIFF), the sport's governing body in India.
• Before the starting of the first national club league, the National Football League in 1996, the Santosh Trophy was contemplated as the top domestic championship in India.
• Many players who have appeared for India internationally played and gained recognition while playing in the Santosh Trophy.
• The tournament is held annually with 31 teams who are divided into groups and who must qualify for the tournament properly through the preliminary round.
• The current champions of the Santosh Trophy are Services, who won their 6th title during the 2018–19 edition.
• Services gained their 6th title this year.
• The 2018 - 19 Session was organized at Ludhiana, Punjab.

• Mr. Mamnoon Hussain was the President of Pakistan.
• Mr. Mamnoon Hussain:
  • Mamnoon Hussain is a Pakistani politician as well as an industrialist who served as the 12th President of Pakistan, in office from 2013 to 2018.
  • He was first elected as Governor of Sindh in June 1999 by then-President Rafiq Tarar.
  • Later he was removed from the post just a few months later due to the 1999 military coup defeat.
  • Hussain was then nominated for the presidency by the PML-N in July 2013 elections.

• Nicolas Maduro has been elected as the President of Venezuela.
• Nicolas Maduro:
  • Nicolas Maduro is a Venezuelan politician and president of Venezuela since 2013, with his presidency under controversy since 2019.
  • He began his working life as a bus driver, Maduro rose to become a trade union leader before being elected to the National Assembly in 2000.
  • He was nominated to a number of positions under President Hugo Chávez and was described in 2012 by the Wall Street Journal as the "most capable administrator and politician of Chávez's inner circle".
  • He worked as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2006 to 2013 and as Vice President of Venezuela from 2012 to 2013 under Chávez.

Global Warming

• Global warming is the phenomenon of increasing average air temperatures near the surface of Earth over the past one to two centuries.
• Climate scientists have since the mid-20th century gathered detailed observations of various weather phenomena.
• These data indicate that Earth’s climate has changed since the beginning of geologic time and that the influence of human activities.
• It predicted that the global mean surface temperature would increase between 3 and 4 °C (5.4 and 7.2 °F) by 2100 relative to the 1986–2005 average should carbon emissions continue at their current rate.
• The predicted rise in temperature was based on a range of possible scenarios that accounted for future greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation (severity reduction) measures and on uncertainties in the model projections.
• Some of the main uncertainties include the precise role of feedback processes and the impacts of industrial pollutants known as aerosols, which may offset some warming.
• Constituents responsible for global warming includes - Methane, Carbon Dioxide, Water vapour, Nitrous Oxide, Hydro Fluorocarbon(HFCs).

Serine

• Serine is not optically active.
• It is a non-essential amino acid present in our human body.
• Serine is present and functionally important in different types of proteins.
• This compound is one of the naturally occurring proteinogenic amino acids.
• Only the L-stereoisomer comes out naturally in proteins.
• It is not essential to the human diet, since it is synthesized in the body from other metabolites, including glycine.
• Serine was first acquired from silk protein, a particularly rich source, in 1865 by Emil Cramer.

Glycine

• Glycine is an amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain.
• It is the simplest amino acid, having the chemical formula NH2‐CH2‐COOH.
• Glycine is one of the proteinogenic amino acids.

Alanine

• Alanine is an α-amino acid that is consumed in the biosynthesis of proteins.
• It contains an amine group and a carboxylic acid group, both adjacent to the central carbon atom which also carries a methyl group side chain.

• Thalassemia is a hereditary disease that affects the blood.
• Thalassemia is a blood disorder passed down through families i.e., Inherited.
• It makes the body in an abnormal form or inadequate amount of hemoglobin.
• Hemoglobin is the protein in Red Blood Cells that carry oxygen.
• The disorder results in a large number of Red Blood Cells being destroyed, which leads to Anemia.

Different diseases:

• Lungs Diseases - Asthma, Bronchitis, Pneumonia, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
• Heart Diseases - Coronary Artery Disease, Heart Arrhythmias, Heart Failure, Heart Valve Disease, Pericardial Disease, Cardiomyopathy, Congenital Heart Disease.

• Cream is a dairy product made from the butterfat present in raw milk.
• Its colour is yellowish-white and it is thicker than the regular homogenized milk due to the higher content of fat.
• In the same way, Glucose is related to Fruit as it can be obtained from fruits.

The total number of triangles is:

ABC, ADG, AHJ, BDE, CFG, DHI, GIJ, BHI, CIJ, DIE, DIF, DIG, EIF, EIG, FIG, BCI, BID and CIG
Hence, there are 18 triangles.

Logic:- 

• T + 2 = V, E + 3 = H,  M + 4 = Q, P + 5 = U, L + 6 = R, E + 7 = L
• According to the above codes:
• C + 2 = E, H + 3 = K, U + 4 = Y, R + 5 = W, C + 6 = I, H + 7 = O.

Hence, the correct answer is EKYWIO.