JPSC Prelims Paper 2 Mock Test - 6 - JPSC (Jharkhand) MCQ

• Bitalaha is a kind of punishment.
• A Bitlaha is the most extreme form of punishment for a sex crime against the tribe.
• It is associated with the Santhal tribe.
• It can be called if a Santhal has sexual intimacy with a close relative or if a non-Santhal (Dikku) has sexual intimacy with a Santhal.
• When such a case occurs, the chief of the affected village calls upon his neighbouring villages and tells the people to avoid the offender's family.
• On the evening before the Bitlaha, people assemble to the beating of drums and playing of flutes and buffalo horns.
• The excommunicated family is either harassed to leave the village or it can perform certain rites prescribed for rejoining society.
• These rites involve a feast for a large number of people within the village and outside, along with some symbolic rituals.

• Mukhyamantri Krishi Aashirwad  Yojna (MMKAY)
  • The State Government of Jharkhand executed this Yojana in August 2019.
  • It is an ambitious scheme for supporting the farmers financially and providing them with timely investment assistance before the Kharif season.
  • The primary objective of the MMKAY scheme is the reduction of the dependency of the farmers on non-institutional private lenders/loans.
• Under this yojana, the Jharkhand State targeted around 22.76 lakh farmers for the financial year 2019-20 in a planned manner covering a Kharif cropped area of around 45 lakh acres.
• The farmers must be permanent residents of Jharkhand and have cultivable land up to a maximum of 5 acres.
• The beneficiaries of the MMKAY get Rs.5,000 per acre every year through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) in their bank account.

• Jharkhand State Action Plan on Climate Change does not include "Start social forestry in all districts".
• Jharkhand is suffering due to its high dependence on mineral resources.
• Further, the forest and water resources in the State are facing threat due to industrial and urban growth and being uneven in distribution both temporally and spatially. 
• Jharkhand's climate change action plan was envisaged with a vision of achieving economic growth, poverty alleviation objectives and enhancing livelihood opportunities while ensuring environmental sustainability.
• Some of the objectives of the Jharkhand State Action Plan on Climate Change are-
  • Identify the climate change risks to various sectors in the state
  • Develop a comprehensive state-level vulnerability mapping and risks associated with climate change
  • Assess and recommend specific measures for climate change mitigation and adaptation co-benefits that represent the stakeholder's views and concerns and conform with the regional perspective
  • Identify, assess and recommend specific adaptation and mitigation measures that help define the policy and action framework in the climate change regime
  • Determine the sectoral resilience to manage the climate-linked risks and prescribe measures that help fill the policy and planning gaps

• Jamtara has least % of Geographical area under forest in Jharkhand.
• In terms of area under forest cover, Jharkhand ranks tenth among all states of India.
• The total forest area of the state is 23,605 km² which is 29.61% of the geographical area of the state.
• Of the total recorded forest area, Reserved Forests comprise 18.58%, Protected Forests 81.28%, and Unclassed Forests 0.14%.
• Jamtara has 5.56% forest area of Geographical area.
• Deogarh has 6.82% forest area of Geographical area.
• Pakur has 18.01% forest area of Geographical area.
• Giridh has 17.21% forest area of Geographical area.

• Heavy Engineering Corporation (HEC) 
  • It was set up in the year 1958.
  • It is one of the leading suppliers of capital equipment in India for steel, mining, railways, power, defence, space research, nuclear and strategic sectors.
  •  It is headquartered in Ranchi.
• As per Rajya Sabha's unstarred question, Heavy Engineering Corporation (HEC), Ranchi was provided 7199.51 acres of land by the erstwhile Govt. of Bihar and the deed of conveyance was signed on 26.02.1996.
• HEC had reported that as per the digital survey conducted by the Company in 2016, about 379.91 acres of land is under encroachment / illegal occupation of outsiders.
• As of 31st March 2019, the Heavy Engineering Corporation (HEC) has transferred 2,691.44 acres from its total land to the Government of Jharkhand which includes 656.30 acres of land for Ranchi Smart City too and 158 acres to CISF. 
• Ranchi is among the 98 cities of the country which was qualified for the smart city project.

• Birsa Munda Zoological Park is an example of Ex-situ conservation in Jharkhand.
• The Ex-situ conservation includes the conservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats.
• It is a set of conservation techniques involving the transfer of a target species away from its native habitat.
• The techniques target plant and animal populations.
• The techniques include seed storage, captive breeding, slow-growth storage, DNA storage.
• The main purposes of ex-situ collections are the rescue and preservation of threatened genetic material and the breeding of species for reintroduction in cases where a species’ continued survival in its native habitat is threatened.
• It is practised in a zoological garden, botanical garden or seed bank.
• Ex-situ institutions preserve the genetic or reproductive material of a target species or take care of the living target species for the purpose of reintroduction.

• Santhal Pargana Tenancy Act
  • It is the first codified law of tenancy in the Santhal Pargana division of Jharkhand.
  • It prohibits the sale of Adivasi land to Non-Adivasis in the Santhal Pargana region accompanied by Jharkhand’s border with Bengal.
• Santhal Pargana is located in Jharkhand and it comprises six districts in the northeastern part of the state- Dhumka (sub-capital of the state), Deoghar, Godda, Pakur, Sahi Bganj and Jamtara.
• Section 64 of the Act- All applications made under this Act, for which no period of limitation is provided elsewhere in this Act, shall be made within one year from the date of the accruing of the cause of action, with some conditions.

• Silvanus Dungdung
  • He is a former field hockey player from India.
  • He received the Dhyanchand award in 2016.
  • He won silver in the 1978 Bangkok, Asian Games.
  • He also won gold in the 1980 Moscow, Olympic Games.
• Shubbalaxmi
  • She is an Indian cricketer.
  • She made her ODI debut in India Women vs Australia Women match at Mumbai in 2012.
• Premlata Agrawal
  • She is a mountaineer.
  • She is the first Indian woman to scale the Seven Summits, the seven highest continental peaks of the world.
  • She was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2013.
  • She was also awarded the Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award in 2017.
• Aruna Mishra
  • She is a female Indian boxer.
  • She won gold medals in the 2003 Asian Championships, 2004 World Cup and the 2011 World Police and Fire Games.

• Father Camille Bulcke was a Belgian Jesuit missionary in India who came to be known as "India's most renowned Christian Hindi scholar".
• He came to India from Belgium in 1935 to spread the teachings of Christ.
• He not only found spiritual inspiration in Goswami Tulsidas but became one of the best exponents of Ramkatha (the story of Ram).
• He had also taught Mathematics for five years at Gumla (present Jharkhand).
• He started the Hindi and Sanskrit Department at St. Xavier’s College, Ranchi.
• It is while teaching in Ranchi, that he wrote treatises on Ramkatha and Tulsidas and also translated many important Christian theological works including the Bible.
• For his services to Hindi literature and education, he was awarded the Padma Bhushan by the Government of India in 1974.

• Sarhul festival is known as the 'festival of flowers'.
• It is celebrated by the Oraon, the Munda and the Ho tribes, of the Jharkhand region.
• It is a worship of the village deity who is considered to be the protector of the tribes.
• It is celebrated during the spring season and the Saal trees get new flowers on their branches.
• The deities are worshipped with saal flowers.
• The tribal people drink Hadia, a locally made beer brewed from a mixture of rice.
• During the Sarhul puja, the village priest called the Pahan fasted for a couple of days.
• The day before the festival, he used to bring three new clay pots, fill them with water for the main rituals and worship.
• The water level of the pots indicated ample rain, famine or less rain.
• The more water in the pot, the more rain and grain production.

Jharkhand government signed an MoU with Central Coalfield Limited(CCL) on 17th June 2015 to establish Jharkhand Sports University and a Jharkhand Sports Academy.

• The projects will help Jharkhand's sportspersons to sharpen their skills under coaches of international standards.
• In the first phase before the interception of the University, 1400 sportspersons from 15 various sports events shall be trained in the academy.
• During this stage, CCL and the state government would provide training free of cost to 350 sportspersons and also manage facilities for their studies.
• The other 700 athletes will be chosen across the country based on their performances.

According to the Jharkhand Action Plan on Climate Change Report of 2014, the least sensitive district of the state is Seraikela Knaraswan and the most sensitive district is Pakur.

• Purbi singhbhum is followed by Ranchi, Paschimi Singhbhum, Saraikela-Kharsawan, Palamu, Dhanbad, and Bokaro.
• Latehar, Lohardaga, Simdega and Pakur are categorized in the most sensitive areas.
• Jharkhand’s climate change action plan was developed with the aim of achieving economic growth, alleviating poverty, and enhancing livelihood opportunities.
• It was supported by UNDP and the plan was initiated in May 2011 by the formation of a state advisory group and State Steering Committee.

The state government started the Saraswati scheme on April 1, 2014, on the pattern of the Ladli Laxmi scheme.

• This included daughters who were born after April 1, 2014.
• The purpose of this scheme was to bear the wedding expenses for the daughters belonging to the labor class family.
• The benefit of the Saraswati scheme will be given only for two girls of workers associated with building and other construction works.
• For this, they will have to register the daughter when she is born.
• However, the girls covered under the Laxmi Ladli scheme will not be able to take advantage of this scheme.
• The beneficiaries will get Rs 5,000 deposited to their accounts immediately after the birth of a girl child and the girl will get Rs1 lakh when she attains the age of 18 years.

State Level Rehabilitation and Resettlement Council is headed by the Chief Minister.

• It also comprises of the ministers of different departments, secretary and chief secretary of the departments concerned.
• This council should meet at least twice a year.
• The aim of this committee is to monitor and review the progress of implementation of rehabilitation and resettlement schemes that are related to this policy.
• It has been seen in the state that the people who have to get displaced due to any of the projects in Jharkhand are not able to settle completely.
• Thus the rehabilitation and resettlement policy ensures the welfare of the affected people and looks after the settlement and employment of the people concerned.

• The Bentonite deposits in Jharkhand are found in Sahebganj District.
• Sahebganj district is rich in minerals.
• Sahebganj (also known as Sahibganj) is a beautiful town and a port city with the holy Ganga and sturdy hills in the Sahibganj subdivision of the Sahebganj district of Jharkhand state, India.
• It works as headquarters for Sahibganj District, Sahibganj subdivision, and Sahibganj.
• It is situated on the northeast of Jharkhand and stable at the banks of the Ganges.

Some Important minerals and their Producing Districts

• Bauxite - Lohardaga, Latehar, Gumla, Godda
• Quartz & Silica - East Singhbhum, West Singhbhum, Saraikela - Kharsawa, Dumka
• Fireclay - Dhanbad, Bokaro, Haaribagh, Palamu, Giridih, Ramgarh

• Under Santhal Paragana Tenancy Act, 1949, the village Headman’s office is Non-Transferable.
• A village headman shall on deputation be recognized a patta and may be required to execute a kabuliyat in the prescribed form.
• He shall in the liberation of the duties of his office be governed by such rules as may be made by the State Government.
• The village headman on assignation or when record - of- rights is being prepared under the Santal Parganas Settlement Regulation may be solicited to pledge so much only of his own or the family holding or holdings held under the same landlord as would in the opinion of the Deputy Commissioner suffice together with the official holdings to secure the village rent for one year:

Provided that ordinarily the rent of the ceremonial holding, if any plus that of the lands promised as security shall be at least ten per centum of the total village rent payable by the village headman.
The Chotanagpur Tenancy Act was enacted in 1908 after a revolt led by Birsa Munda, an Adivasi peasant.
The law restricts the sale of tribal land to non-Adivasis in 16 of Jharkhand’s 24 districts in the central and western region.
Santhal Pargana Tenancy Act enacted in 1876 had been passed following the Santhal rebellion in 1855 against feudal land tenure systems of the colonial government.

Deepika Kumari was awarded Padma Shri in 2016.

• She is an Indian athlete who competes in the event of archery, is currently ranked World No. 9, and is a former world number one.
• She was presented with her Padma Shri by the President of India at a ceremony at President House, New Delhi on 28 March 2016.

Dhumkaria is a social institution that belongs to ‘oraon’.

• Dhumkuria is the name of the youth dormitory of the Oraon tribe.
• Dhumkuria represents a centre for cultural education for the Oraon community.
• Its fundamental concern was to make community youth a perfect human being, particularly in matters of respect for others, discipline and self-control in life.
• Indigenous people gave more worth to youth potential.

• Sukhdeo Mahato was the President of Chhotanagpur Sanyukta Sangh of 1954.
• Ram Narayan Singh followed as the President after the first President.
• Ram Narayan Singh was behind putting the demand of separate state of Jharkhand in front of the State Reorganisation Commission which was set up in 1953.
• The Chhota Nagpur Sangh published a book called Chhota Nagpur separation: the only solution’ in 1954 explaining the points in favor of the formation of a separate Jharkhand state and why it was needed.

• The British officer who recognized 'Munda-Manaki System' was Thomas Wilkinson.
• Thomas Wilkinson was a British Governor-General in South-West India.
• After the failure of the British to subjugate the Ho's in 1834, the Adivasis were kept under British rule and agreed that their traditional system of governance should be continued.
• British regime legalized the Manki Munda system under Wilkinson's Rule.

Thomas Wilkinson VC was a British soldier and an English awardee of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Wilkinson was 24 years old, and a bombardier in the Royal Marine Artillery (RMA), Royal Marines during the Crimean War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.
He led the Crimean War and was awarded Légion d'honneur (France).

• Zubin Mehta's concert of 2013 was held in Kashmir.
• Zubin Mehta
  • Zubin Mehta is an Indian conductor of some greatest Western and Eastern classical music.
  • He is music director emeritus of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra (IPO) and conductor emeritus of the Los Angeles Philharmonic.
  • Mehta's father was the creator of the Bombay Symphony Orchestra.
  • When he was 18, he registered in the Vienna state music academy, from which he graduated after three years with a diploma as a conductor.
  • He began conquering international competitions and conducted the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic at age of just 21.
  • Beginning in the 1960s, Mehta availed experience by substituting for celebrated maestros throughout the world.
  • Mehta was music director of the Montreal Symphony Orchestra from 1961 to 1967 and of the Los Angeles Philharmonic from 1962 to 1978.
  • Zubin was the youngest music director ever for any major North American orchestra.
  • In 1969, he was assigned as Music Adviser to the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra and in 1981 he became its Music Director for Life.

Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award:

• Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award is the highest sporting award provided by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports for the spectacular and most magnificent performance in the field of sports by a sportsperson over a period of four years.
• The award consists of a medallion, a certificate, and a cash prize of Rs 7.5 lakh.
• The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna is officially known as Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award in Sports and Games.
• The award is named after Rajiv Gandhi, previous Prime Minister of India who served the Nation from 1984 to 1989.
• It is awarded yearly by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.

Recent Winners of Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award 2020 are:

• Rohit Sharma - Cricket
• Rani Rampal - Hockey
• Vinesh Phogat - Wrestling
• Manika Batra - Table Tennis
• Mariyappan Thangavelu - Para Athlete.

Gangs of Wasseypur:

• Gangs of Wasseypur is a 2012 Indian two-part delinquency film, produced and directed by Anurag Kashyap.
• It was written by Kashyap and Zeishan Quadri.
• The film was based on the coal mafia (Mafia Raj) of Dhanbad, and the underlying authority struggles, politics and vengeance between three crime families.
• The film features an ensemble cast, with Manoj Bajpai, Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Richa Chadda, Huma Qureshi and Tigmanshu Dhulia in the major roles.
• Its story lasts for 68 years from 1941 to 2009.

Fungal Diseases

• Fungal diseases are often caused by fungi that are common in the environment.
• Fungal diseases in the lungs are often similar to other illnesses such as the flu or tuberculosis.
• Some fungal diseases like fungal meningitis and bloodstream infections are less common than skin and lung infections but can be deadly.
• Common Fungal Diseases: Aspergillosis, Blastomycosis, Candidiasis, Candida Auris.

Polio is caused by the Poliovirus.
Dermatitis is caused by the skin reacting to allergens or irritants.
Cholera is caused by the infection of the intestine with Vibro Cholera bacteria.

Freon

• Freon is a simple fluorinated aliphatic organic compound that is used in commerce and industry.
• In addition to fluorine and carbon, Freons often contain hydrogen, chlorine, or bromine.
• Thus, Freons are types of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and related compounds.
• The name Freon is a trademark registered by E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company.
• The Freons are colorless, odorless, nonflammable, noncorrosive gases or liquids of low toxicity that were introduced as refrigerants in the 1930s.
• They also proved useful as propellants for aerosols and in numerous technical applications.
• Their low boiling points, low surface tension, and low viscosity make them especially useful refrigerants.

They are extremely stable, inert compounds.

• Neon - It is used in vacuum tubes, high voltage indicators, lightning arresters, wavemeter tubes, television tubes, and helium-neon lasers.
• Oxygen - It is used in the production of steel, plastics, and textiles, brazing, welding, and cutting of steels and other metals, rocket propellant, oxygen therapy, and life support systems.

The first successful cloned animal was Sheep.

• In 1996, Dolly the Sheep was the first mammal to have been successfully cloned from an adult cell.
• It was done at the Roslin Institute of Scotland.
• Originally code name was "6LL3".
• The cloned lamb was named after singer and actress Dolly Parton.
• The cloned sheep "Dolly" died in the year 2003.

• Iodised salt is useful because it improves digestion.
• Iodised salt is table salt assorted with a minute amount of various salts of the element iodine.
• The ingestion of iodine intercepts iodine deficiency.
• Iodine deficiency is globally influencing about two billion people and is the leading restrainable cause of intellectual and developmental disabilities.
• Deficiency even causes thyroid gland problems, including "endemic goitre".
• In many countries, iodine deficiency is causing serious public health threat that can be cheaply addressed by purposely adding small amounts of iodine to the sodium chloride salt.

Iodine is a micronutrient and dietary mineral that is naturally present in the food supply in some regions, specifically present near sea coasts but is generally quite rare in the Earth's crust since iodine is a so-called heavy element.
The profusion of chemical elements generally declines with greater atomic mass.

• In both the Dice number '3' is common.
• According to the Dice rule.
• 6<-> 1 
• 4<-> 5
• Number '4' will appear on the opposite face of number '5'.

Hence, the correct answer is 4.

Series 5, 3, 4, 8, 9, 7, 1, 6, 5, 3, 2, 9, 8, 7, 3, 5
There are '3' number which is immediately preceded by an odd number, but not immediately followed by an even number.
5, 3, 4, 8, 9, 7, 1, 6, 5, 3, 2, 9, 8, 7, 3, 5.
1) 1, 6, 5 2) 3, 2, 9 3) 9, 8, 7
Hence, the answer is 3.

• The appropriate sequence is:
• 2. Population - 4. Unemployment - 1. Poverty -  5. Disease - 3. Death.