JPSC Prelims Paper 2 Mock Test - 7 - JPSC (Jharkhand) MCQ

• Doklo Sohor administrative system is associated with Kharia tribe. 
• Dhoklo  means “meeting” and Sohor means “President of meeting”.
• Around 1934–35 AD, when the entire tribal society was awakening with the development of education, the leaders of the Kharia caste also formed the All India General Assembly to organize, empower and solve their problems. It is known as ‘doklo’. 
• The chairman of Doklo, who is the king of the entire Khadia society, is called “Doklo Sohor”.
• Any problem related to more than one village or gotra is resolved under the chairmanship of Doklo Sohor.
• The Khadia are a prominent tribe of Jharkhand. It belongs to proto-australoid.
• People of this caste are spread in Gumla, Simdega in Jharkhand and Ranchi, Odisha, Chhattisgarh state.
• Additionally, there are three types of Khadia—Pahari Khadia, Dood Khadia and Dhelki Khadia.

• The only district of Jharkhand which has received a little more than the normal average limit (951 mm) of the rainfall till 30-09-2019 is Sahibganj.
• Jharkhand has 24 districts.
• In 2019, the state had 865.6 mm rainfall which is 18% below the normal level the state usually experiences.
• Sahebganj is the only district of the state in the Excess category with 1893.6 mm rainfall which is 46% above normal and the highest rainfall district of the state.
• 14 districts were in the Normal rainfall category and nine districts were in the Deficit Rainfall category.
• Garhwa district had the highest deficit at 52%, rainfall of 450 mm, the lowest rainfall among the 19 districts listed in the District Rainfall table.

• Disaster management is a major subject/issue of scenario dealing and avoiding hazards of risks.
• It involves preparing for a disaster before it happens, immediate disaster response, various communications means to serve better, as well as supporting and rebuilding society after natural or human-made disasters have occurred.
• Jharkhand often faces natural calamities like earthquakes, floods, cyclones, tsunami, heat strokes, thundering and drought.
• The objectives of Jharkhand State Disaster Management Authority are two-fold:-
  • development and updating of Plans and Strategies to handle any type of disaster.
  • undertaking projects for restoration and strengthening of infrastructure damaged by disasters.

• The Department of Schedule Tribe, Schedule Caste, Minority and Backward Class Welfare set up MESO hospitals in remote areas which the usual health care facilities are out of reach.
• These are set up to provide better health services to tribal communities. 
• A total of 14 hospitals with an indoor capacity of 50 beds each have been already set up as per IPHS standards-in in remote Naxalite infested areas/rural areas of Jharkhand. Hence, option 2 is correct.
• The hospitals have basic primary healthcare services such as OPD, inpatient services, anaesthetic services, reproductive and child health, safe water supply and sanitation, investigation services, etc. Hence, option 1 is correct.
• Rinchi Trust Hospitals are running four Meso Hospitals; each in Ranchi, Khunti, Dhumka, and Pakur. Hence, option 3 is correct.

The services are provided free of cost. Hence, option 4 is incorrect.

• PVTGs Dakia Yojana
  • It is a first of its kind welfare scheme designed to provide social protection to PVTGs families. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
  • It was launched in April 2017 in three blocks - Sundar Pahari, Chainpur and Barhait of districts Godda, Palamu and Sahebganj respectively. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
  • It aims to enable PVTGs to cope with the adverse effects of risks to income insecurity. 
  • It provides 35 kilograms of rice, which is the primary food of PVTGs, at zero price. Hence, statement 3 is not correct.
  • The rice is delivered to PVTGs at their doorstep, freeing them from the burden of travelling costs. Hence, statement 4 is not correct.
  • It contributes to fulfilling the nutritional needs of PVTGs families by providing them with food grains and ensuring their physical strengthening.
• In Jharkhand state, Eight tribes are under primitive tribal groups (PTG) and they are Asur, Birhor, Birajia, Korwa, Parahiya (Baiga), Sabar, Mal Pahariya and Souriya Pahariya.

• Nagri village is famous for the origin of rivers Swarnarekha and South Koel.
• Nagri village is in Ranchi, Jharkhand.
• As per 2019 stats, Nagri villages comes under the Hatia assembly & Ranchi parliamentary constituency.
• The principal river of the district is Subarnarekh.
• It originates near Ratu and flows in an easterly direction and descends from the Ranchi Plateau.
• South Koel River runs across Jharkhand and Odisha states.
• It originates on the Lawapani Waterfalls, near Lohardaga, Chota Nagpur Plateau, 82.5 kilometres (51 mi) away from Ranchi.
• It is fed by three streams in Jharkhand, namely the North Karo, South Karo and Koina.

• Santhal Pargana Tenancy Act
  • It is the first codified law of tenancy in the Santhal Pargana division of Jharkhand.
  • It prohibits the sale of Adivasi land to Non-Adivasis in the Santhal Pargana region accompanied by Jharkhand’s border with Bengal.
• Santhal Pargana is located in Jharkhand and it comprises six districts in the northeastern part of the state- Dhumka (sub-capital of the state), Deoghar, Godda, Pakur, Sahi Bganj and Jamtara.
• Section 22- A raiyat may makeover his holding temporarily on trust for cultivation
• Section 23- Exchange of raiyati land
  • ​Raiyats desiring to exchange their lands may apply in writing to the Deputy Commissioner who may in his discretion permit such an exchange to be made, with some conditions.
• Section 42- Ejectment of a person in unauthorized possession of agricultural land
• Section 43- Rent in the kind not to be realized or recognised by any Court

• Mahendra Singh Dhoni made his ODI (One Day International) debut in cricket on 23 December 2004 against Bangladesh.
• In his first match in International cricket, he got out for a duck in an attempt to take a single.
• Though he performed average in his debut series, he was picked for the Pakistan ODI series.
• He is considered one of the successful captains of the Indian Cricket Team.
• Awards-
  • Padma Bhushan-2018
  • Padma Shri- 2009
  • Major Dhyanchand Khel Ratna award- 2007-08
• In 2019, Jharkhand Cricket Association named their stadium's South stand after Dhoni.

• 'Maturaa Kahani' that contains folk stories of the Mundas was written by Menas Oreya.
• Munda
  • They mainly inhabit the region of Jharkhand, Although they are well spread in the states of West Bengal, Chhatisgarh, Orissa and Bihar. Munda generally means headman of the village.
  • They have traditionally been farm labourers, woodcutters and basket weavers.
  • The main occupation of the Munda men and women in agriculture with most working fields owned by others.
• The stories of the ancestors of the Mundas are part of oral tradition.
• It describes the rise of the Supreme God of the Mundas, the Singbonga, his conquest of the Asurs, and so on.

• Bride price is prevalent as a custom among several tribes in India.
• It is given by the groom’s side to the bride’s family.
• It is a token given to the bride’s family by the groom’s family in the form of money, gifts, valuables, etc.
• The bride price is known as 'Gomon' among the Ho community.
• The Ho tribe is one of the major tribes of Jharkhand after the Santals, Oraons and Mundas.
• The Ho people have a strong belief in religion, spirit and supernatural powers.
• The Singhbonga or the Sun God is the supreme deity worshipped by them, who is mainly responsible for the rain, crop, life, and other necessities related to life.
• Each Ho village has their own headman called Munda.

In Jharkhand, Garri village is the first village to get its Wi-fi Chaupal.

• Garri village is in Kasmar block of Bokaro district.
• This facility has been provided with the support of CSC e-Governance Services India Limited who focuses on developing affordable low-cost solutions in the rural villages of India.
• The Bokaro administration has to install Wi-fi hotspots across the districts as part of the PM Modi Digital India initiative. 
• This initiative has been started to develop and empower villages towards ‘smart villages’.
• in the first phase, the 10-gram panchayat of the Kasmar block will have Wi-Fi.
• After its completion, all 400 Gram Panchayats coming under Bokaro and Ramgarh will become Wi-Fi villages.

For human life, climate change is among the biggest challenges.

• The degree of threat to life and economic well-being is associated with rising global mean temperature.
• The impacts of climate change can be seen in water resources, agriculture, forests, and human health due to changes in precipitation and change in average minimum and maximum temperatures.
• To prepare for this change, long-term persistent efforts are required on both the adaptation and mitigation fronts. 
• Jharkhand’s climate change action plan was developed with the aim of achieving economic growth, alleviating poverty, and enhancing livelihood opportunities.
• It was supported by UNDP and the plan was initiated in May 2011 by the formation of a state advisory group and State Steering Committee. The plan was developed and shared in Jan 2014.

In 2016 the then Chief Minister of  Jharkhand Shri Raghubar Das announced to launch the scheme known as the 'Yojana Banao' campaign.

• The main objective of the scheme was to involve village people to ensure balanced growth of the state in industries as well agriculture sector.
• After Independence, the state government focused on the growth of industry only, and appropriate action in the field of agriculture was not much taken.
• Thus for the growth of the state, the government decided to develop the appropriate action plan to enhance the agriculture forum along with the industry and IT sectors.
• With the involvement of people, schemes will be developed according to the needs.
• Panchayats will be evaluated to develop schemes accordingly and 2016 was termed as  "year of development" and "government of people".

Jharkhand Industrial Policy 2016 aimed to create an industry-friendly environment to maximize the investment in mineral and natural resource-based industries.

• Also to restart infrastructure development industries having viable sick units.
• The government aimed to set up natural resource-based industries to maximize revenue and create employment.
• The government also aims to make Jharkhand an investor-friendly destination and promote sustainable industrial growth of the state.
• Industries were classified as MSME, large industry, mega projects and ultra mega projects.
• If one has to launch a Megaproject in the cement industry the minimum investment should be 300 crores and it should generate direct employment for at least 100 people.

• Uranium is mined in the Turamdih district of Jharkhand.
• Turamdih uranium deposit is situated about 24km west of Jaduguda.
• This mine was plenipotentiary in 2003.
• The access into the mine is through an 8-degree decline which bestows facilities for using trackless mining equipment like passenger carriers, drill jumbos, low-profile dump trucks.
• At a profundity of 70m, the orebody has been accessed from the Decline by cross-cuts.
• A 260-meter vertical shaft with a double Drum Winder caters to the hoisting of ore from recondite levels.

Barabil Koira Minerals - Orissa
Bailadila Reserve - Chhatisgarh
Dalli rajhara Reserve - Chhatisgarh
Gondite Mines - Orissa

• Under Santhal Paragana Tenancy Act, 1949, Khas village means a village in which there is neither Mulraiyat nor headman.
• Despite the haecceity of tenancy laws that seek to protect Adivasi rights to land in the Santhal Parganas, vernal years have seen the considerable transfer of land from Adivasis to contractors mainly through privately negotiated, temporary lease arrangements.
• This has serious insinuation for the employment and health of local populations as well as for the sustenance, in the long term, of common property resources and local livelihoods.

At the same time, siltation and flooding in the upstream and lower reaches of the Masanjore dam have furnished cultivable land in several villages useless.
As most of the Adivasi population in the region succumbed to agriculture for its livelihood, the need to revise and rethink development strategies is of utmost importance.

Nikki Pradhan is the first hockey player from the state to feature in the prestigious Olympic Games when she represented India at the Rio Olympic Games.

• She is an Indian professional field hockey player and is a member of the Indian national team.
• Salima Tete from Jharkhand is also one of those.

Tanginath was the centre of Pasupatas.

• Tanginath is a place having several architectural works in its lap from the ancient era to the medieval era.
• It is famous as shivasthali and is famous for the great trishool of rustproof iron. 
• Tanginath lies in Dumri block in the Gumla district.

Jaipal Singh

• He was an Indian politician, writer, and sportsman.
• He is popularly known as "Marang Gomke (meaning Great Leader) by the Adivasis of Chhotanagpur.
• He captained the Indian field hockey team to clinch gold in the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam.

K.S. Singh 

• He was an Indian Administrative Service officer, who served as a Commissioner of Chotanagpur and Director-General of the Anthropological Survey of India.

Sibu Soren

• He is an Indian politician and government official who was a co-founder and then longtime president of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha.

Birsa Munda

• He was an Indian freedom fighter, religious leader and folk hero from the Munda Tribe of the Chhota Nagpur Plateau area.
• His spirit of activism is remembered as a strong mark of protest against British rule in India.

• Santals have well-developed political organization.
• In the Manjhi administrative system, Manjhi is the secular village Headman.
• The Sub-head or assistant to the village Headman of Manjhi in the community system of Santals was called Parmanik.
• Jog Manjhi is the deputy village Headman.
• Jog Parmanik is deputy to the Parmanik.
• The Santal or Santhal is a Munda ethnological group vernacular to India and Bangladesh.
• Santals are the major tribe in the Jharkhand state of India in terms of population and are also underlaid in the states of Assam, Tripura, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and West Bengal.
• They are the largest ethnic population in northern Bangladesh's Rajshahi Division and Rangpur Division.
• They have a huge population in Nepal and Bhutan.
• The Santals speak Santali, the most widely spoken language of the Munda community.
• The large population of Santhals stays in Jharkhand.

National Film Awards

• The National Film Awards is the most renowned film award ceremony in India.
• It was established in the year 1954.
• It has been supervised, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals since 1973.
• Every year, a national panel nominated by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards.
• This is followed by the inauguration ceremony of the National Film Festival, where the award-winning films are screened for the general public.
• Declared for films produced in the earlier year across the country, they hold the distinction of awarding merit to the best of Indian cinema overall, as well as presenting awards for the best films in each region and language of the country.
• Due to the national scale of the awards, they are considered to be the most prestigious cinema awards in India.
• These award shows have been designated to as the Indian film industry's equivalent to the Academy Awards in the United States.

• The 16th NAM Summit was held in Tehran.

NAM Summit:

• The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a convocation of 120 developing world states that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. 
• After the United Nations, it is the largest grouping of states worldwide in present times.
• Drawing on the doctrines agreed at the Bandung Conference in 1955, the Non-Aligned Movement was established in 1961 in Belgrade, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia through an initiative of the Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, Ghanaian President Kwame Nkrumah, Indonesian President Sukarno, Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser and Yugoslav President Josip Broz Tito.
• This stepped to the first Conference of Heads of State or Governments of Non-Aligned Countries.
• The term non-aligned movement first appears in the fifth conference in 1976, where participating countries are signaled as "members of the movement".
• The 2019th edition was held in Azerbaijan's capital Baku, 

• Irfaan Khan played the lead role in the film, Paan Singh Tomar.

Paan Singh Tomar

• Paan Singh Tomar is a 2012 Indian Hindi-language biographical film about the great athlete who was a soldier in the Indian Army.
• Paan Singh Tomar won a gold medal at the Indian National Games, but the system made him forced to become a rebel against the system. 
• The film is directed by Tigmanshu Dhulia and produced by UTV Motion Pictures.
• Irrfan Khan played the title role in the movie, with Mahie Gill, Vipin Sharma, and Nawazuddin Siddiqui in the supporting cast.
• It was made on a shoestring budget of ₹45 million (US$630,000), Paan Singh Tomar premiered at the 2010 British Film Institute London Film Festival.
• The film was released domestically on 2 March 2012 to critical praised and emerged as a super hit at the box-office, with a domestic network of ₹201.80 million (US$2.8 million).
• The film was awarded the Best Feature Film and Best Actor in the 60th National Film Awards 2012.

• Cell Membrane is responsible for the differentiation between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Cell Membrane

• The cell membrane is a biological membrane that districts the interior of all cells from the outside environment which protects the cell from its environment.
• The cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer, accompanied by cholesterols that sit between phospholipids to maintain their fluidity at various temperatures.
• The membrane also contains membrane proteins, including integral proteins that go across the membrane serving as membrane transporters, and peripheral proteins that loosely joined to the outer (peripheral) side of the cell membrane, acting as enzymes shaping the cell.
• The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of cells and organelles.
• In this way, it is choicely permeable to ions and organic molecules.

Zymase

• Zymase enzyme can catalyse the conversion of glucose to ethanol.
• Zymase is an enzyme complex that catalyzes the fermentation of sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide.
• It occurs naturally in yeasts.
• Glucose undergoes fermentation and catalyzes the conversion of glucose to ethanol in the presence of enzymes, found in yeasts.
• C₆H₁₂O₆ - In the presence of Zymase - 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂.

Invertase - Invertase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis (breakdown) of sucrose (table sugar) into fructose and glucose.
Maltase - Maltase, enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the disaccharide maltose to the simple sugar glucose. 
Diastase - Diastase is a general term for enzymes that hydrolyze starch and glycogen.

Enzymes

• Enzymes are proteins made from amino acids.
• It is made up of hundreds and thousands of amino acids stringed together in a very specific and unique order.
• Any chemical reaction inside a cell or any work that goes on inside a cell is the handiwork of enzymes inside the cell.
• The word enzyme was coined in 1878 by German Scientist Wilhelm Kuhne.
• Enzymes act as biological catalysts (biocatalysts).
• Catalysts accelerate chemical reactions.
• The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products.
• Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzyme catalysis in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life.
• Metabolic pathways depend upon enzymes to catalyze individual steps.

• Francium is in liquid form at room temperature.
• Francium is a chemical element having the symbol Fr and its atomic number is 87.
• Prior to its discovery, it was directed to as Eka-caesium.
• It is extremely radioactive in nature and its most stable isotope is francium-223 (originally called actinium K after the natural decay chain it appears in), which has a half-life of only 22 minutes.

It is the second-most electropositive element present, behind only caesium, and is the second rarest naturally occurring element (after astatine).
The isotopes of francium decay extremely quick into astatine, radium, and radon.
The electronic fabrication of a francium atom is [Rn] 7s1, and so the element is classed as an alkali metal.
Bulk francium has never been perceived.

• Because of the common appearance of the other elements in its periodic table column, it is assumed that francium would view as a highly reactive metal if enough could be collected together to be viewed as a bulk solid or liquid.
• Obtaining such a sample is highly impracticable since the extreme heat of decay caused by its short half-life would instantly vaporize any viewable quantity of the element.

• In the given figure Number '2' is common in Dice 2 and Dice 4.
• According to the Dice rule:
• 5 ⇔ 6
• 4 ⇔ 3
• Therefore, the Number '4' will appear opposite to the Number '3'.

Hence, the answer is 4.

Given letters - A I D M U R A
The city is = MADURAI.
U appears in the middle.
Additional information:

• MADURAI is a city located in Tamil Nadu.
• It is the ethnic capital of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of the Madurai District.
• The 2011 census was the third-largest Urban city in Tamil Nadu after Chennai and Coimbatore and India's 44th most populated city.

Hence, the answer is U.

According to the procedure of Law:
4. Crime - 3. Arrest - 5. Judgement - 1. Punishment - 2. Prison.