JPSC Prelims Paper 2 Mock Test - 10 - JPSC (Jharkhand) MCQ

• The head of the Parha Panchayat is known as Parha Raja.
• The Parha is a confederacy of anything between 5-25 neighbouring villages with a central organization called Parha Panch.
• Parha Panchayat acts as an appellate court, settles the disputes which the gaon panchayat fails to do so, deals with serious breaches of social customs, etc.
• It comprises the headman of each member village that elects its own head or Raja.
• The officials of the Parha Panchayat are Parha Raja, Dewan, Thakur, Pandey, Karta and Lal.
• As the head of the Parha, Raja presides over its panchayat meetings as well as the numerous social functions such as community feasts, music and dance events.

• The IPCC SRES emission scenario for Jharkhand indicates that Warming will be relatively greater in Winter and post-monsoon season.
• As per the report, District level climate change scenarios for Jharkhand were generated through WORLDCLIM. indicate a rise in average rainfall in all the districts.
• It further states that the maximum temperature will gradually rise in all the districts of Jharkhand from 2020 to 2080. The summer, as well as the winter, will become hotter by the 2080s.

• Jharkhand is rich in renewable resources because of the abundance of waterfalls. 
• Hydroelectricity is an important renewable energy source.
• In the case of a waterfall, the gravitational potential energy of water first changes into the kinetic energy of water. This kinetic energy is partially converted into electrical energy by a generator.
• Ranchi of Jharkhand is known as the city of waterfalls.
• Recently, Jharkhand Renewable Energy Development Agency has identified about a dozen water bodies, including four waterfalls in Ranchi, for setting up hydroelectric power plants as a part of a green initiative.
• The four waterfalls in Ranchi – Dasham, Jonha, Hundru and Sita – will be included in this initiative will be in the range of 1 MegaWatt to 20 MegaWatt, depending on the current and nature of the waterbody.
• In addition to this, hydroelectric power plants may also be installed at Torpa, Manoharpur, Basia, Arki, Sugabandh and Raidih.

• Jharkhand Opportunities for Harnessing Rural Growth (JOHAR)
  • It is a holistic package of rural livelihoods interventions that work together to enhance and diversify the incomes of targeted rural households across 68 blocks in 17 districts of Jharkhand.
  • It uses a collectivisation approach and builds on the community institutions platform established by another Government-World Bank initiative, the National Rural Livelihoods Mission to form producer groups and producer organisations. 
  • The World Bank is a funding agency for this project.
  • The project was approved in 2017.
• The project comprises three components:-
  • The first component, diversified and resilient production and value addition will support collectives of small producers and interventions for diversification, intensification, and value‐addition in the selected sub‐sectors of high‐value agriculture (HVA), livestock, non‐timber forest produce (NTFP), fisheries, and irrigation.
  • The second component will involve support for promoting market access and private sector participation, fostering skill development relevant to the focus value chains, and facilitating the development of pro-poor agricultural finance systems.
  • The third component, project and knowledge management objective is to establish effective project management and facilitate strong knowledge management.

• Surrender and Rehabilitation policy:
  • This policy was announced in the year 2009. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
  • It is part of the overall policy to build consensus and evolve an acceptable and peaceful solution to violence perpetrated by extremist groups, to usher in peace and development, especially in the disturbed regions.
• Some of the objectives-
  • to wean away the misguided youth and hardcore naxalites who have strayed into the fold of naxal movement and now find themselves trapped into that net.
  •  to ensure that the naxalites who surrender do not find it attractive to join the naxal movement again.
• The guidelines are applicable to those Naxalites who surrender with or without arms. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• Surrender is fully voluntary. Hence, statement 4 is correct.
• Persons eligible under the scheme may be imparted training in a trade/vocation of their liking or befitting their aptitude.
• They shall be paid a monthly stipend of Rs 2000/- each for a maximum period of 36 months.
• An immediate grant of Rs. 1.5 lakh shall be kept in a bank in the name of surrenderee as a fixed deposit which may be withdrawn by the surrenderee after completion of 3 years, subject to good behaviour
• Left-wing extremism means those which have been declared illegal by the State Government under Section 16 of the Indian Crime (Amendment) Act, 1908. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

All statements are correct.

• Motijhara waterfall means ‘the stream of pearls’.
• It is formed on the river- Ajay.
• The waterfall is famed to be the only waterfall in the Sahibganj district of Jharkhand.
• The water of a small hill stream tumbles over two ledges of rock, each 50 to 60 feet high.
• Moti Jharna is also a village in Taljhari CD block in the Rajmahal subdivision of the Sahibganj district.
• Ajay river flows through the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal.
• It originates on a small hill about 300 metres (980 ft) high, southwest of Deoghar in Jharkhand.
• It then flows through Jharkhand and enters West Bengal at Simjuri.

• Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act (CNT act) is a significant act for the tribal population of Jharkhand.
• The Act came into force on the 11th of November 1908.
• It was first published in the Calcutta Gazette.
• It received the assent of the Governor-General on the 29th of October 1908.
• It prohibits the transfer of tribal land to non-tribals and protects community ownership.
• The act is listed in the Ninth Schedule of the Indian Constitution. Hence, it is beyond judicial review. 
• This Act is applicable in North Chota Nagpur, South Chota Nagpur and Palamau divisions, including areas under several municipalities and notified area committees.

• Phulo Jhano Murmu Medical College is affiliated with Sidho Kanho Murmu University.
• The Medical College was established in 2019.
• It is a tertiary referral Government Medical college and it is recognized by the Medical Council of India.
• Sido Kanhu Murmu University was formerly known as Siddhu Kanhu University.
• It is a public university situated in the Santhal Parganas region of Jharkhand state.
• Headquarters-Dumka.

• Khemta and Bhinusari are the two forms of Karma dance.
• Karma dance is a traditional dance of central and Eastern India annually performed during the karma festival. 
• It is performed in Jharkhand and its adjacent states of Chhattisgarh, West Orissa and Madhya Pradesh.
• It is held during the autumn season.
• The tribal people hold each others’ waists and dance in the rhythm of music welcoming the spring and forming a circle through their movements around a tree that is regarded as Karma.
• It is believed in Jharkhand that Karma which is a sacred tree brings prosperity and good fortune.
• The drum locally known as ‘timki’ is used as the main musical instrument.
• There are many sub-varieties of Karma dance that includes the Jhumar, Ektaria, Lahaki, Sirki, Khemta and Bhinusari and many more.

• Theble Oraon was involved in the formation of 'Chotanagpur Unnati Samaj' in 1913 CE.
• He was one of the first Belgium Jesuit priests who came to Chotanagpur for preaching.
• He started defending the cases of the Mundas whose land was taken away by deceit before the British judges.
• It was due to such efforts initiated by him that protective laws such as the Chotanagpur Tenancy Act were eventually implemented.
• The 'Chotanagpur Unnati Samaj was established under the leadership of Jual Lakra, Pal Dayal, Bandi Ram Oraon and Thevale Oraon.
• The basic objective of this organization was the progress of Chota Nagpur and to improve the social, political, economic and social condition of the tribals.
• In 1928, a demand letter was submitted to the Simon Commission by the Chotanagpur Unnati Samaj.
• In this demand letter, a demand was made to provide special facilities to the tribals and to constitute a separate administrative unit for them.

Jharkhand Disaster Management Authority has created  ‘Disaster Management Knowledge-cum Demonstration Centre (SRIJAN)’.

• The aim of it is to create awareness among the community and common people about the different probable disasters and how much vulnerable they will be to them.
• They explain about different tools and technologies and ways to cope up with the disaster.
• These centres focus mainly on disasters like mining disasters, drought, floods and forest fires.
• They work on developing how to provide local need-based information and communication methods that can be implemented during the time of disasters.
• Department proposes Knowledge cum Demonstration centres to be created for making aware the community and the common people about various types of probable disasters and their vulnerability to that, through technologies and tools and various ways to mitigate and cope up with the incumbent disaster.
• These centres will be developed and design for a specific disaster like drought, Mining disaster, flood, forest fire and fires etc.
• These centres will work as a centre for providing local need-based information, communication, dissemination methodologies, and tools for spreading awareness and inculcating behavioural changes among all the stakeholders.
• The competency of existing institutions of excellence like Birsa agriculture university (BAU –Ranchi) for drought, Indian school of mines (ISM-Dhanbad) for mining hazards, Birla institute of technology (BIT-Mesra, Ranchi) for earthquake structural safety norms in the housing sector, Jharkhand space application Centre (JSAC – Ranchi) for Flood, Forest Fire and Drought will be enhanced to develop Standard operating procedures and protocols, hazard risk and vulnerability analysis for the specific disasters, training need assessment, development of state and district Management plan and development of master trainers on designated aspects of disaster in Jharkhand.
• Department also proposes to develop a State institute for disaster management in Jharkhand.
• Space application based MIS Knowledge will be utilized for planning and management of the onslaught disasters of various kinds.
• These centres will be popularly nomenclature as SRIJAN. 

The climate change knowledge network (CCKN-IA) was created in three Indian states namely Jharkhand, Odisha, and Maharashtra from 2013 to 2017.

• The climate change knowledge network (CCKN-IA) was created to work closely with the Central Government and state governments for reducing the effects of climate change.
• The target group of this project is small-scale farmers whose occupation is threatened by the effects of climate change.
• This project works in 3 states, 6 districts, and 12 blocks.
• India is an agricultural country and climate change poses a major challenge in agriculture.
• It helps people at national, state, and district levels depending on different weather conditions in different areas.
• Thus, the scheme was launched by the Ministry of Agriculture.

Bihar Sponge Iron Limited (BSIL) is the first merchant sponge iron plant located at Umesh Nagar, Chandil, in Saraikela Kharsawan district.
It is about 30 km from Jamshedpur in Jharkhand.

• The company was incorporated in 1982 and was a joint venture of the government of Bihar, Modi's, IFC Washington, and DEG.
• It is a coal-based project and its commercial production started in July 1989.
• The plant produces direct reduced iron which is the basic raw material of the steel industry.
• The current capacity of this plant is 210,000 tons per annum.

As per Ease of Doing Business (EODB) Jharkhand got the 7th rank in 2016 among other Indian states.

• EODB is a type of index which regulates the business.
• Many types of parameters have been kept for ease of doing business like labor regulations, online single window, access to information, transparency, etc are included.
• It has been prepared by the World Bank since 2015 with the help of the Department of Industry along with Internal Trade Promotion (DPIIT) in the country.
• EODB is essential for the economic growth of any country.
• It plays an important role in the growth of the region as well as the economy.
• According to State-wise rank in 2016, Andhra Pradesh holds the first position, 3rd is Gujarat, 5th is Madhya Pradesh and 7th is Jharkhand.

• The Lodh Falls which is also known as Budha Ghag is a waterfall in a mid forest of Palamu Tiger Reserve, South division of Latehar district ( 14 km from mahua dand) in Jharkhand state in India.
• It is the supreme waterfall in Jharkhand and the 21st highest waterfall in India.
• It is situated on the Burha River, deep in the forest of the Latehar district the Chota Nagpur Plateau.
• It is part of India's only sanctuary for the conservation and patronage of Indian Grey Wolf, known as Mahuadanr Wolf Sanctuary.
• The Lodh Falls is a tiered waterfall with various distinct drops in relatively close succession.
• It is 143 meters (469 ft) high.
• The thundering sound of the fall is hearable even 10 km away.

Waterfalls and their respective rivers

• ​Hundru waterfall-Subarnarekha river
• Jonha waterfall-Rarhu river
• Dasong waterfall-Kanchi river

• Section 71A of the Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act, 1908, which provides power to restore possession to members of the Scheduled Tribe over land unlawfully transferred, has been inserted by Bihar Scheduled Areas Regulation, 1969 law.
• It expanded to the North Chotanagpur, the South Chotanagpur, and Palamau Divisions including the areas or parts of the areas which have been composed into a Municipality or a Notified Area Committee under the Jharkhand Municipal Act, 2002 (Bihar and Orissa Act 7 of 1922) or which are within a cantonment.
• It was an act to amend and integrate certain enactments relating to the law of Landlord and Tenant and settlement of rents in Chota Nagpur.
• Whereas it is expedient to amend and amalgamate certain enactments relating to the law of landlord and tenant and the settlement of rents in Chota Nagpur.

Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) was established in 1926.

• It is a public technical and research university located in Dhanbad, India.
• It has the main campus of 218 acres in the Sardar Patel Nagar area of Dhanbad.
• It was formerly known as the Indian School of Mines before its conversion into an IIT.

Kukmu is the first collection of short stories in the Devnagri script by Bal Kishor Sahu.

• Handmawak Ato is the first Novel of the Santhali language published in the Roman script by R. Carteryars in 1946.
• Mahila Chechet Dai is the second Novel of the Santhali language authored by Nanku Soren.
• In 1951 Domen Sahu Samir also known as Bhartendu published "Santhali Parvesika".

Tilka Majhi

• He was also the first Adivasi leader from Manjhi Community who was considered as 2nd fighter after Maharana Pratap.
• He took up arms against the British in 1784.
• He organized the Adivasis to form an armed group to fight against the resource grabbing and exploitation of the British.
• Tilka Manjhi is the first freedom fighter of Jharkhand who was the first shaheed also. 

Birsa Munda

• Birsa Munda was a young freedom fighter and a tribal leader, whose spirit of activism in the late nineteenth century is remembered to be a strong mark of protest against British rule in India.

• Pat-Munda was not an official of the Bhuihari-Parha of Munda tribe in the earlier period.
• The Munda people are an Austroasiatic speaking ethnological group of India.
• They preponderantly lecture the Mundari language as their vernacular language, which belongs to the Munda subgroup of Austroasiatic languages.
• The Munda constitute the northern areas of east India concentrated in the states of Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, and West Bengal.
• The Munda also domiciliation in adjacent areas of Chhattisgarh as well as in portions of Bangladesh.
• They are one of India's largest scheduled tribes present in numbers.
• Munda people in Tripura are also called Mura, and in Madhya Pradesh, they are often known as Mudas.
• They speak languages such as Mundari, Panchpargania, Sadri, Odia, and Bengali.

• UNSC stands for United Nations Security Council.

United Nations Security Council:

• The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six executive organs of the United Nations (UN), charged with the purpose of ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, and approving any changes to the UN Charter.
• Its powers consist of establishing peacekeeping operations, enacting international sanctions, and authorizing military action.
• The UNSC is the only UN body with the power to issue binding resolutions on member states.
• It was formed on 24 October 1945.
• It consists of 5 Permanent Members and 10 Non Permanent Members.
• The current Secretary-General of the United Nations is Antonio Guterres.

• Abhijeet Gupta won the Commonwealth Chess Championship held in South Africa.

Commonwealth Chess Championship:

• The Commonwealth Chess Championship is a convocation of chess players from Commonwealth countries.
• A championship was planned for New Zealand in 1949, but it was canceled because the British Chess Federation was unable to attend.
• In 1950 an informal all-play-all championship was held as the strongest players of Canada, New Zealand, and South Africa were all in England.
• The field was rounded out with a player from England, Scotland, and a promising Australian.
• William Fairhurst (Scotland) won the unofficial championship held in Oxford.
• The recent edition was held at New Delhi in 2019.

• Ms Halimah Yacob is the first woman Speaker of Singapore.

Ms Halimah Yacob:

• Halimah Binti Yacob is a politician from Singapore.
• She is the President of Singapore after being elected in an unopposed election in the 2017 Singapore presidential election.
• She is the first female president in the country's chronicle.
• Halimah won in an unopposed election, as no other presidential candidate was issued the Certificate of Eligibility.
• Previously a member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), she was a component of Parliament (MP) for Jurong GRC (situated from Bukit Batok East) from 2001 to 2015 and for Marsiling–Yew Tee GRC (constituency of Marsiling) from 2015 to 2017.
• She was testimonial in the following day becoming the second Muslim since Yusof Ishak in 1965.
• She was the 9th Speaker of the Parliament of Singapore from 2013 to 2017, which she forsake to participate in the 2017 Singapore presidential election.

The viscosity of Human Blood

• The viscosity of the blood is due to the internal friction between the flow.
• It incorporates the effects of the suspended particles present in the blood, inclusive of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.
• As this internal friction increases, more force is required from the heart in order for it to maintain the desired cardiac output of the blood in the circulatory system.
• This requires heightened contractility from the muscles of the heart which can result in the fatigue of the heart and, in major cases, heart collapse
• The opposite case where there is a lack of proper internal friction in blood flow will cause a decrease in the ability of one’s blood to clot.
• It imposes risk when blood vessels are damaged and the blood continues to flow out of the site of damage for a prolonged period of time.
• The viscosity of blood is dependent on many factors such as the properties of blood plasma, the hematocrit levels, and the individual mechanical properties and influence of the suspended particles in the flow.
• However, this is inherently dependent on whether blood is considered a Newtonian or non-Newtonian fluid.

• The parasite plasmodium is spread by female Anopheles mosquitoes which are known as "night biting" mosquitoes.
• These mosquitoes bites generally between dusk and dawn.
• The genus Plasmodium (Sporozoa or Apicomplexa) comprises species that cause malaria in man and animals.
• In humans malaria is caused by the following species
  • Plasmodium vivax causes benign tertian malaria.
  • P. falciparum causes malignant malaria or cerebral malaria or pernicious malaria.
  • P. ovale causes mild tertian malaria or ovale malaria.
  • P. malariae causes quartan malaria as this species has 72 hours erythrocytic cycle while the other species have a 48-hour cycle in RBCs.
• The life cycle of Plasmodium is completed in two hosts.
• Man is considered to be the major host in which schizogony occurs in the liver and blood, and the female Anopheles mosquito is the secondary or intermediate host in which gametogenic and sporogony take place.

• The pH value of blood is 7.4.
• The pH of blood is a sign of acidity or alkalinity in the body.
• It is a vital indicator of good health.
• The normal pH is necessary for the optimal activity of the body so it is balanced by different physiological processes.
• The normal pH of a healthy person varies from 7.35 to 7.45.
• It is slightly basic in nature.

• Privatization defines as the transfer of ownership, management, and control of the public sector enterprises to the private sector.
• Privatization aims at providing a strong base for the inflow of Foreign Direct Investment.
• The enhanced inflow of FDI improves the financial strength of the economy.
• Government companies are converted into private companies in two ways:
• Transfer of Ownership and Disinvestment.
• Thus, we cannot conclude that private companies are incapable of maintaining all the roads. Hence, argument 2 is not strong.
• Privatization can lead to better services but saying that this is the "only way" is wrong. So, neither argument 1 nor 2 is strong.

• Side of Cube 'a' = Side of Larger cube / Side of Smaller cube = 4/1 = 4 cm.
• Number of Cubes with No Face colored = (a-2)³ = (4-2)³ = 8.

Hence, the answer is 8.

Four ladies A, B, C, D and four gentlemen E, F, G, H are sitting in a circle around a table facing each other.
(i) C, who is sitting between G and E, is facing D.

(ii) F is between D and A and is facing G.
(iii) H is to the right of B.
CASE 1 

CASE 2

(iv) No two ladies or two gentlemen are sitting side by side.
Case 1 is eliminated because B and D or H and G are sitting together and it is clearly mentioned that no two ladies or two gentlemen are sitting side by side.

Immediate neighbours of B is H and G.
Hence, the answer is H and G.

• 8² - 5² = 64 - 25 = 39
• 7² - 1² = 49 - 1 = 48
• 9² - 6² = 81 - 36 = 45
• 5² - 2² = 25 - 4 = 21

The correct answer is 5(17)2.