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Test: The Cell, Genetics - UPSC MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test - Test: The Cell, Genetics

Test: The Cell, Genetics for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Test: The Cell, Genetics questions and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus.The Test: The Cell, Genetics MCQs are made for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: The Cell, Genetics below.
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Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 1

What is the term for the science that deals with the application of genetic principles to improve the human race?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 1
Eugenics is the science that deals with the application of genetic principles to improve the human race. It involves encouraging desirable marriages and discouraging undesirable ones, among other measures.
Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 2

Which molecule did Avery, McLeod, and McCarty categorically prove to be the genetic material in their experiments?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 2
Avery, McLeod, and McCarty proved that DNA is the genetic material through their experiments in 1944.
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Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 3

What did Watson and Crick propose about the structure of DNA in 1953?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 3
Watson and Crick proposed that DNA is a double-stranded polymer of nucleotides arranged as a helix, known as the double helix structure.
Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 4
What is the term for the sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a specific amino acid?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 4
The sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a specific amino acid is called a codon.
Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 5
Which of the following is NOT one of the nonsense codons in the genetic code?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 5
AUG is not a nonsense codon. It codes for the amino acid methionine and serves as the start codon for protein synthesis.
Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 6
What is the name for the segment of DNA that controls heredity by controlling the synthesis of enzymes?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 6
Genes are segments of DNA that control heredity by controlling the synthesis of enzymes and other proteins.
Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 7
Which of the following is an example of a genetic disorder caused by a recessive gene?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 7
Sickle Cell Anemia is an example of a genetic disorder caused by a recessive gene. It results from the presence of two recessive alleles for hemoglobin.
Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 8
What term is used to describe the external appearance of an organism for a particular contrasting character?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 8
Phenotype refers to the external appearance of an organism for a particular contrasting character, which is influenced by its genotype.
Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 9
How many types of nucleotides are there in a DNA molecule, and how many types of amino acids are there in a protein?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 9
There are 4 types of nucleotides in a DNA molecule, and there are at least 20 types of amino acids in a protein.
Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 10
What term is used to describe the elimination of defective germplasm in a society through measures like sexual separation and sterilization?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell, Genetics - Question 10
Negative eugenics refers to the elimination of defective germplasm in a society through measures like sexual separation and sterilization.
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