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Test: Some Important Diseases - UPSC MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Some Important Diseases

Test: Some Important Diseases for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Test: Some Important Diseases questions and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus.The Test: Some Important Diseases MCQs are made for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Some Important Diseases below.
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Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 1
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What is the primary cause of AIDS?

Detailed Solution for Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 1
AIDS is primarily caused by the Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus-III (HTLV III). This virus infects and eventually kills T-cells, leading to a weakened immune system. As a result, the body becomes susceptible to various infections. While other factors may contribute to the progression of the disease, HTLV III is the main culprit.
Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 2
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What is the characteristic feature of malignant tumor cells in cancer?

Detailed Solution for Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 2
Malignant tumor cells in cancer are characterized by their ability to undergo metastasis, which means they can spread to neighboring tissues and organs. This is a critical feature that distinguishes them from benign tumors, which do not spread to distant sites.
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Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 3
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Which protein is released in large amounts during an allergic response and contributes to symptoms like sneezing and itching?

Detailed Solution for Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 3
Histamine is released in large amounts during an allergic response and contributes to symptoms such as sneezing, itching, and increased permeability of capillaries. It is a key mediator of the inflammatory response in allergies.
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Which type of cancer is associated with tumors of the bones?
Detailed Solution for Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 4
Tumors of the bones are referred to as osteomas. This type of cancer affects the skeletal system and is different from other types of cancer, such as carcinoma or melanoma, which affect different tissues.
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What is the term for an inappropriate and overreactive immune response to noninfectious foreign materials?
Detailed Solution for Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 5
An allergy is characterized by an inappropriate and overreactive immune response to noninfectious foreign materials, such as pollen, certain foods, or chemicals. It is different from autoimmunity, where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.
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What is the term for the rejection of a transplanted organ due to circulating antibodies of the recipient?
Detailed Solution for Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 6
Antibody-mediated rejection occurs when circulating antibodies of the recipient form complexes with donor tissue antigens, leading to the rejection of the transplanted organ. This rejection can happen within minutes or hours after transplantation.
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Which glands secrete hormones in the body?
Detailed Solution for Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 7
Hormones are secreted by endocrine glands in the body. These glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various physiological processes.
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What is the main difference between hormones and enzymes?
Detailed Solution for Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 8
Enzymes are biocatalysts that can function in various parts of the body, catalyzing chemical reactions. In contrast, hormones are chemical messengers released by endocrine glands and can only exert their effects in specific target regions where receptor cells are present.
Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 9
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What is the term for the uncontrolled growth of cells that accompanies cellular transformation in cancer?
Detailed Solution for Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 9
Neoplasm refers to the uncontrolled growth of cells that accompanies cellular transformation in cancer. It leads to the formation of tumors or masses of abnormal cells.
Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 10
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Which of the following is NOT one of the five danger signals of cancer mentioned in the text?
Detailed Solution for Test: Some Important Diseases - Question 10
The five danger signals of cancer mentioned in the text are a lump or hard area in the breast, a swelling or sore throat, a persistent cough or hoarseness, a change in a wart or mole, and a persistent change in diet and bowel habits. Sudden loss of appetite is not included in this list.
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