Test: Primary and Secondary Metabolites and Chemical Composition of Biomolecules (May 24) - NEET MCQ

Lipids are actually triglycerides. A triglyceride consists of glycerol and fatty acids which are held together by ester linkages.

Galactose is a monosaccharide. When combined with glucose (monosaccharide), through a condensation reaction, the result is the disaccharide lactose. The hydrolysis of lactose to glucose and galactose is catalyzed by the enzymes lactase and β-galactosidase.
Chemical formula: C₆H₁₂O₆
Solubility in water: 650 g/L (20 °C)

Fehling's solution is used to determine whether a carbonyl-containing compound is an aldehyde or a ketone. Fehling's test can be used as a generic test for monosaccharides. Fehling's can be used to screen for glucose in urine, thus detecting diabetes.

Maltose has a free aldehyde group which can be oxidized to the acidic groups. Hence, maltose is a reducing sugar. Starch and Cellulose are polysaccharides.
They are comprised of multiple units of glucose linked together. The glucose in starch and cellulose does not contain a free aldehyde group and hence, starch and cellulose do not act as reducing sugars.
Similarly, sucrose is a disaccharide in which the aldehyde group of glucose is used up in forming a bond between glucose and fructose.
Hence, sucrose is also not a reducing sugar.

Primary metabolites are the essential metabolic intermediates of the plants which help in the growth and development of the plant.

The Molecular Composition of Cells. Cells are composed of water, inorganic ions, and carbon-containing (organic) molecules. Water is the most abundant molecule in cells, accounting for 70% or more of total cell mass.