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Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Class 10 MCQ


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20 Questions MCQ Test - Carbon & its Compounds - 2

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 for Class 10 2024 is part of Class 10 preparation. The Carbon & its Compounds - 2 questions and answers have been prepared according to the Class 10 exam syllabus.The Carbon & its Compounds - 2 MCQs are made for Class 10 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 below.
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Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 1
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What do cyclic hydrocarbons refer to in organic chemistry?

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 1
Cyclic hydrocarbons in organic chemistry are molecules that contain carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. This cyclic arrangement distinguishes them from straight-chain or branched hydrocarbons. The ring structure can vary in size and complexity, influencing the properties and reactivity of the compound.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 2
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What is the key role of heteroatoms in organic compounds?

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 2
Heteroatoms in organic compounds play a crucial role in making the carbon compound reactive and determining its properties. By replacing one or more hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon chain, heteroatoms introduce variability in the structure, reactivity, and chemical behavior of the compound. Different heteroatoms can lead to diverse functional groups, influencing the compound's characteristics.
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Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 3
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What defines a homologous series in organic chemistry?

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 3

A homologous series in organic chemistry is characterized by compounds sharing the same functional group. These compounds exhibit similar properties and reactivity due to the presence of this common functional group. Additionally, successive members in a homologous series differ by a 'CH2' unit in their molecular formula, leading to incremental changes in their structure and properties.

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 4
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In a homologous series, how do physical properties like melting point and boiling point change as relative molecular masses increase?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 4
In a homologous series, physical properties such as melting point, boiling point, solubility, and specific gravity change gradually as relative molecular masses increase. This incremental change is a result of the progressive increase in molecular size and complexity within the series. As the number of carbon atoms and molecular mass rises, these properties exhibit a consistent trend, allowing for predictive patterns in the behavior of compounds within the homologous series.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 5
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Why do unsaturated hydrocarbons produce a yellow, sooty flame when they burn in air?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 5
Unsaturated hydrocarbons produce a yellow, sooty flame when they burn in air because they have a higher carbon content compared to saturated hydrocarbons. This higher carbon content results in incomplete oxidation during combustion, leading to the formation of soot particles that are responsible for the yellow color of the flame.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 6
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What modification occurs in the naming of a carbon chain when a functional group suffix starting with a vowel is added?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 6
When a functional group suffix starting with a vowel (such as a, e, i, o, u) is added to the name of a carbon chain, the final 'e' in the carbon chain's name is replaced by the functional group suffix. This naming convention helps to indicate the presence of the functional group in the compound.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 7
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What type of flame is typically produced when saturated hydrocarbons burn in the air?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 7
Saturated hydrocarbons generally burn in the air with a blue and non-sooty flame. This clean-burning characteristic is due to the complete combustion of saturated hydrocarbons, which results in the production of carbon dioxide and water vapor without the formation of soot or other byproducts.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 8
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Which compound undergoes combustion to produce carbon dioxide, water, heat, and light?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 8

The compound CH3CH2OH (ethanol) undergoes combustion to produce carbon dioxide, water, heat, and light. During combustion, ethanol reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water vapor, releasing heat and light energy in the process.

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 9
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In the oxidation of carbon compounds, what leads to an increase in the oxidation state of carbon?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 9
In the oxidation of carbon compounds, the process involves the loss of hydrogen from the carbon compound, which results in an increase in the oxidation state of carbon. This alteration typically occurs through the gain of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen, leading to the formation of new functional groups.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 10
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How many valence electrons do carbon atoms typically have available for bonding?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 10
Carbon atoms have four valence electrons available for bonding. This tetravalency allows carbon to form strong covalent bonds with various atoms, facilitating the creation of stable molecules with diverse chemical properties.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 11
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What characteristic property of carbon allows it to form long chains or rings through covalent bonds?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 11
Catenation is the unique ability of carbon atoms to form long chains or rings through covalent bonds. This property enables the formation of diverse structures, including linear, branched, or cyclic molecules, which contribute to the vast array of carbon compounds found in nature and synthetic materials.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 12
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the versatility of carbon compounds mentioned?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 12

The versatility of carbon compounds stems from their ability to form stable, long-chain molecules, which play a crucial role in organic chemistry, contribute to the creation of diverse compounds, and drive advancements in various industries. The formation of unstable molecules is not a characteristic mentioned.

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 13
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What essential role do carbon compounds play in living organisms, according to the information provided?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 13
Carbon compounds are essential components of numerous materials found in living organisms. They serve as building blocks for various biological molecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, playing a fundamental role in the structure and function of living systems.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 14
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What is the defining characteristic of saturated hydrocarbons?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 14
Saturated hydrocarbons are characterized by having a single bond between carbon atoms. This means that each carbon atom in the hydrocarbon molecule is bonded to the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible. This saturation with hydrogen gives these hydrocarbons their stability.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 15
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Which type of hydrocarbons has a general formula of CnH2n?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 15
Alkenes are a type of unsaturated hydrocarbons that have a double bond between carbon atoms. They follow the general formula CnH2n, where 'n' represents the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. This double bond gives alkenes certain chemical properties and reactivity that distinguish them from saturated hydrocarbons.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 16
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What type of chemical bond involves the transfer of valence electrons between a metal and a nonmetal?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 16
Ionic bonding occurs when there is a transfer of valence electrons between a metal and a nonmetal. This results in the formation of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) which are held together by electrostatic forces to form an ionic bond.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 17
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In the formation of sodium chloride (NaCl), why does sodium lose its valence electron?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 17
Sodium loses its valence electron to chlorine in the formation of NaCl in order to complete its octet and achieve a stable electron configuration. This electron transfer results in the formation of a sodium cation and a chloride anion, which then combine to form the ionic compound sodium chloride.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 18
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What type of forces are responsible for holding together ions in an ionic bond?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 18
Electrostatic forces are the attractive forces between positively and negatively charged ions in an ionic bond. These forces are based on the principle that opposite charges attract each other, leading to the formation of a stable ionic compound.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 19
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What is a characteristic property of compounds formed by ionic bonding?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 19
Compounds formed by ionic bonding typically have high melting and boiling points and are often found in the form of crystalline solids. These compounds can conduct electricity in the molten or aqueous state due to the mobility of ions.
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 20
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Why does carbon achieve its tetravalency through covalent bonds instead of losing or gaining electrons?
Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 20
Carbon achieves its tetravalency by forming covalent bonds, where it shares all four of its valence electrons. This sharing of electrons allows carbon to attain a stable electronic configuration without requiring excessive energy. Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, ensuring stability in the atomic structure without the need for significant energy input.
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