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Year 11 Exam  >  Year 11 Tests  >  Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Year 11 MCQ

Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Year 11 MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes

Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes for Year 11 2024 is part of Year 11 preparation. The Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes questions and answers have been prepared according to the Year 11 exam syllabus.The Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes MCQs are made for Year 11 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes below.
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Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Question 1
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What is the primary characteristic of shield volcanoes?

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Shield volcanoes are characterized by gently sloping sides and the eruption of runny, thin lava. These types of volcanoes typically have less explosive eruptions and tend to form on divergent (constructive) plate boundaries or hot spots. They are known for their frequent but relatively gentle eruptions.
Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Question 2
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What defines an active volcano?

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An active volcano is one that has recently erupted and is likely to erupt again in the future. These volcanoes are currently exhibiting volcanic activity and are considered to be in a state of eruption or showing signs of unrest. Monitoring active volcanoes is essential for predicting and preparing for potential eruptions.
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Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Question 3
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How are composite (or strato-) volcanoes distinguished from shield volcanoes?

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Composite (or strato-) volcanoes are characterized by steep sides and the eruption of viscous, sticky lava. Unlike shield volcanoes, composite volcanoes tend to have more explosive eruptions and are formed from alternating layers of ash and lava. They typically form on convergent (destructive) plate boundaries.
Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Question 4
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How is the magnitude of a volcanic eruption typically measured?
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The magnitude of a volcanic eruption is commonly gauged using the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI). This scale measures the explosiveness of volcanic eruptions based on factors like volume of erupted material, height of eruption column, and duration of the eruption. The VEI scale is logarithmic, with each integer increase representing a tenfold increase in the volume of erupted material and the power of the eruption.
Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Question 5
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What is the point directly above the focus of an earthquake on the Earth's surface called?
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The point directly above the focus of an earthquake on the Earth's surface is known as the epicenter. It is the location on the surface directly above where the earthquake originates deep within the Earth. Understanding the concept of the epicenter is crucial in earthquake monitoring and assessing potential impacts on the surface.
Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Question 6
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How do earthquakes primarily disperse energy through the Earth's crust?
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Earthquakes primarily disperse energy through the Earth's crust in the form of seismic waves. These waves travel outward from the focus of the earthquake, causing the ground to shake as they propagate. Understanding how seismic waves propagate is essential for studying the effects of earthquakes and assessing potential risks.
Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Question 7
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What can also trigger earthquakes, aside from natural tectonic plate movements?
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In addition to natural tectonic plate movements, human activities like drilling into the Earth's crust or mining can also trigger earthquakes. These activities can induce changes in the subsurface stress and pressure distribution, potentially leading to the destabilization of fault lines and resulting in seismic events. Understanding the human impact on seismic activity is crucial for mitigating risks associated with induced earthquakes.
Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Question 8
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What triggers the release of accumulated pressure as energy during an earthquake?
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The release of accumulated pressure as energy during an earthquake is triggered by the sudden movement of tectonic plates. As these plates become lodged and continue to exert pressure on each other, the eventual dislodging leads to the release of energy in the form of seismic waves. This movement is a fundamental aspect of earthquake generation.
Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Question 9
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What is the primary reason behind the majority of earthquakes occurring along the Pacific 'Ring of Fire'?
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The majority of earthquakes occur along the Pacific 'Ring of Fire' due to the region's proximity to major tectonic plate boundaries. This area is characterized by intense tectonic activity, with several plates interacting, leading to frequent seismic events. The 'Ring of Fire' encompasses a horseshoe-shaped zone in the Pacific Basin where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions take place. The movement and interaction of these tectonic plates result in the high seismic activity observed in this region.
Test: Features & Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes - Question 10
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What distinguishes hotspots from other volcanic regions?
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Hotspots are areas where volcanic activity occurs away from plate boundaries. These regions are marked by columns of magma that rise through the Earth's crust, leading to volcanic eruptions. Unlike volcanic activity at plate boundaries, which is driven by tectonic movements and interactions, hotspots are believed to result from localized sources of heat within the Earth's mantle. Examples of hotspots include the Hawaiian Islands and the Yellowstone hotspot in the United States. These areas showcase volcanic activity that is not directly linked to plate boundaries.
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