AP TET Paper 2 Mock Test - 1 (Science and Mathematics) - AP TET MCQ

A child or young person has Special Educational Needs (SEN) if he or she has learning difficulties or disabilities that make it harder for him or her to learn than most other children and young people of about the same age.

Learning is a process by which the individual acquires various habits, knowledge, and attitude that are necessary to meet the demands of life in general. There are different factors that affect learning.
These include learner-centered factors like motivation, needs, self-concept, interests, goals, level of aspiration, etc., teacher and task-related factors such as teaching style, classroom ethos, transactional skills, and methodology, etc., and environmental factors such as the physical and psychological structures in which learning occurs.
​ Ashok is very fond of playing cricket and he is very good at it too. He is the captain of his college team. He spends long hours playing or watching cricket and never gets tired or bored. Motivation and personal factors is affecting learning in this example.

• Ashok is intrinsically motivated i.e. he derives internal satisfaction from the game. Intrinsic motivation is closely related to one's need for self-fulfillment, and achievement.
• These needs impel us to become better by learning more, interacting with our environment, and developing ourselves.
• Learning is most effective when there is intrinsic motivation - a desire to learn from within, which finds satisfaction in the achievement itself and does not bother about other factors.

Thus, it is concluded motivation is the personal factor that affects learning in the given an example.
Maturation: A one-year-old cannot be made to write and a three months old child cannot walk. Unless the learner has 'matured' optimally, he cannot learn. In order for learning to take place, physical, intellectual, and socio-emotional maturation is essential. Also, individual variations in the process of maturation should be acknowledged and appropriately dealt with.
Self-concept: Self-concept is very important in matters of learning because it influences individual differences in learners, in their, learning orientations, cognitive styles, and the self-learning strategies which they use.
Level of aspiration: This refers to the extent to which an individual wish to strive to achieve. It emanates from the targets, goals, and ambitions that individuals construct for themselves.

Case-history method is more effective to study all of the factors given above because the information includes the past history which may be gathered from a patient, his close relatives like parents, siblings or others who accompany him or from his friends, neighbours, etc.

Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, has made a systematic study of cognitive development in his theory that is categorized into four stages. 

• He observed his children and their process of making sense of the world around them and developed a model of how the mind processes new information encountered.

Individual differences occur due to the interaction of heredity and environmental factors. We inherit certain characteristics from our parents through genetic codes. The environment is responsible as to how we are reared, the kind of atmosphere at the house, whether it is liberal or strict, the type of education that we get, what we learn from people, around us, books, cultural practices, peers, teachers, and media.Our inheritance alone cannot decide what we become but our environment also contributes.

Motivation cycle is a transition of states within an organism that propels the organism towards the satisfaction of a particular need, where motivation itself is considered a hypothesised state. Option (4) is the correct answer.

शिक्षकों को ध्यान में रखते हुए कई बच्चे अपना समय और ध्यान देने की मांग करते हैं; एक अच्छा सम्मेलन एक व्यस्त शिक्षक को इस बात पर ध्यान केंद्रित करने में मदद कर सकता है कि आपके बच्चे को क्या चाहिए। रिपोर्ट की समीक्षा करें और पिछले सम्मेलनों से अपनी फाइलों की जांच करके देखें कि क्या वे आपको उन महत्वपूर्ण विषयों की याद दिलाते हैं जिन्हें आप याद कर सकते हैं। प्रत्येक बच्चे की खूबियों, कमजोरियों और उचित लक्ष्यों के बारे में अपने मन में स्पष्ट रहें।

उन्मूलन' का विपरीतार्थक शब्द 'रोपण' होगाI

• उन्मूलन का अर्थ: जड़ से उखाड़ना; समूल नष्ट करना; मटियामेट करना; ध्वस्त करना
• रोपण का अर्थ: लगाना, स्थापित करना

विलोम/विपरीतार्थक शब्द: विपरीत (उल्टा) अर्थ बताने वाले शब्दों को विलोम शब्द कहते हैं। विलोम शब्दों को विपर्यायवाची, प्रतिलोमार्थक और विपरीतार्थक शब्द भी कहते हैं।उदाहरण:  ऊपर-नीचे, सीधा-उल्टा

योजना/परियोजना शिक्षण विधि के प्रवर्तक 'डब्लयू. एच. किलपैट्रिक' हैं। यह विधि 'जॉन डेवी' द्वारा शुरू किए गए 'प्रोग्रेसिव एजुकेशन मूवमेंट' का उत्पाद थी परंतु बाद में इसे दुनिया भर में 'डब्ल्यू. एच. किलपैट्रिक' द्वारा विस्तार से वर्णित किया गया था। यह विधि एक समूह में व्यावहारिक ज्ञान के प्रयोग द्वारा किसी परियोजना को पूरा करने के लिए छात्रों की सक्रिय भागीदारी को संदर्भित करती है। इस पद्धति में जीवनोपयोगी शिक्षा दी जाती है तथा बच्चों को स्वयं के अनुभव द्वारा अर्थात खुद कर के सीखने का मौका दिया जाता है।

शोक शब्‍द का प्रयोग उपर्युक्‍त पंक्तियों में नहीं किया गया है।
काव्‍यांश के अनुसार-

• मैं अपने झीने आँचल में
• उनकी तो करुणा की कोर
• प्रथम दृष्टि में ही दे डाला। 

Writing is the physical expression of what you think. The close relationship between writing and thinking makes writing valuable. As young children struggle with what to put down next, or how to put it down on paper, they often discover a new way of expressing an idea. If the writing process is to develop naturally, the following approaches should be followed:

• It is important to allow some mother tongue usage until such time as when a child has enough mastery over the second language to not require the mother tongue.
• A teacher should motivate the student to read more storybooks and he should take informal feedback about new words encountered.
• During reading the storybook the student will encounter new words while the teacher could introduce and explain those new words which will help the student to better express his/her thought in conversation and in writing.
• We need to facilitate the transition by providing suitable vocabulary or structures, as well as motivating children by creating a real need to communicate.

Therefore, we conclude that with the help of the above-mentioned points, a teacher can help students expressing his/her views.

• The answer of this can be found in the third paragraph, where it is mentioned that "it can be difficult to keep the writing objective and neutral, especially when dealing with controversial or sensitive topics."
• This means that one of the main challenges of discursive writing is maintaining objectivity and impartiality in the writing, especially when the topic being discussed is controversial or sensitive.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Comprehension for Testing Writing Skills: Writing comprehension has also been included in the writing test. The comprehension skills namely, recognition, inference, recreation, and reorganization have been tested through the comprehension test on writing.

• The comprehension framed for testing writing skill was mainly based on the testing of the items and aspects of writing such: 
• Comprehensibility skills for writing include understanding that writing is communicating messages or information.
• Comprehension depends upon grasping word meanings, which involves grasping the relation between the words in sentences, between sentences in paragraphs, and between paragraphs in larger wholes. 
• Comprehending a text involves actively creating meaning by building relationships among ideas in a text, and between the text and one’s knowledge, beliefs, and experiences. 
• Writing about a text should enhance comprehension because it provides students with a tool for visibly and permanently recording, connecting, analyzing, personalizing, and manipulating key ideas in a text.

Hence, we conclude that If you are testing your students' comprehension of written English, you are testing their understanding of what they have just 'Written'.

An antonym for the word 'harsh' is 'mild'. 'Harsh' means 'severe', and 'mild' is its opposite in meaning.

• Hopeless means having no expectation of good or success.
  Example: We were the most hopeless group of golfers you ever saw.
• Irreformable means not capable of being cured or reformed.
  Example: He is an irreformable liar who long ago lost all interest in telling the truth.​

Thus, irreformable is the most similar in meaning to hopeless.

According to the passage: 
There will be areas where people to people interaction, human relationships, and networking will still matter, hence soft skills such as communication, social and behavioural, cognitive and emotional intelligence would be expected from the employees.
All these soft skills are expected from the employees.
Thus, the correct answer is Option 4.

All learners make mistakes. As someone has said: "You can't learn without goofing". Whether you are learning how to ride a bicycle, how to fly a kite or learn a language, everyone does make mistakes.

Language teaching refers to a process whereby a child gains communicative comprehension or fluency over a language. It involves practice by learners where facilitation is provided by a teacher.

• Teachers are the implementers of education who foster the potential of young seedlings to grow and bloom. They carry a huge responsibility to shape and mold students' future.

India is a multi-lingual country and the students even before they start their schooling, internalize an extremely complex and rule-governed system called language, and possess full linguistic capabilities in one or more languages.
The teaching of language must be done by keeping students in the centre and a teacher should consider the individual differences of students while teaching in the classroom.
The main aim of teaching a language in education is to make a child proficient in that specific language.
The child-centred language classroom means that all the teaching-learning strategies and techniques in the classroom to teach the language are directed towards the needs, desires, goals, and interests of the children. All the students are taking an interest and actively participating in the learning process.
So, students who do not have the opportunities to use the target language outside the classroom demonstrate much lower levels of language competency. This can be overcome by ​engaging them in specific language-focused tasks which are indirectly monitored by their group leaders.

2 Mg + O₂ → 2MgO
ZnCO₃ → ZnO + CO₂
2KNO₃ → 2KNO₂ + O₂
All these reactions are possible.

Given:
The given number = 37, 85, 65 and 23
Formula used:
Mean = Sum of observations/Number of observations
Calculation:
According to the question
The sum of the number = (37 + 85 + 65 + 23)
⇒ 210
The arithmetic mean = Sum of observations/Number of observations
⇒ 210/4
⇒ 52.5
∴ The required mean is 52.5

Median:
Case 1: If the number of observations (n) is even

Case 2: If the number of observations (n) is odd

Mode: The mode is the value that appears most frequently in a data set.
Calculation:
Given data are
2, 3, x, 2x - 4, 5, 8
Number of observations = 6 = even
Hence,
Median = 1/2(x + 2x - 4)    ---(1)
But according to question, Median is 7.
⇒  1/2 (x + 2x - 4) = 7
⇒ 3x - 4 = 14
⇒ x = 6
Hence, observations are
2, 3, 6, 8, 5, 8
Since, 8 comes two times.
Hence, mode of observations is 8.

Mirrors

• A mirror is defined as a reflecting surface and when a ray of light falls on it, the angle of reflection, incident ray, and the reflected ray are normal to the surface at a point of incidence.

On calculating the values, we get

So, in ascending order, they will be:

• The human heart is one of the most vital organs responsible for supporting life.
• Between the lungs, in the thoracic cavity little to the left of the sternum i.e breastbone, the heart is situated.
• It pumps blood in the entire body and on the other hand, the blood delivers oxygen, hormones, glucose, and other components to different parts of the human body including the heart.
• It also makes sure that adequate blood pressure is maintained in the body.

There are two types of circulation within the body they are:

• Pulmonary circulation: This type of circulation is accountable for transferring deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs and then carrying oxygenated blood to the heart.
• Systemic circulation: In this type of circulation oxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to every organ and tissue of the body and deoxygenated blood comes back again to the heart.

Image of the human heart:

• It is divided into four chambers that are two ventricles and two atriums.
• The left ventricle is the largest and strongest chamber in a human heart.

Mathematics relies on both logic and creativity, and it is pursued both for a variety of practical purposes and for its intrinsic interest. For some people, and not only professional mathematicians, the essence of mathematics lies in its beauty and its intellectual challenge. For others, including many scientists and engineers, the chief value of Mathematics is how it applies to their own work.

Sensorial aids are categorised under tactile, olfactory and auditory as they deal with the senses.

Absolute grading means grades are assigned according to cutoff levels decided before the start of the course. According to CBSE, total marks allocated over the different aspects of the project work are pre-decided before the start of the course, which means that in evaluation of the project report, absolute grading is used.

Science classroom is a place designed to provide an adequate learning environment for an effective teaching-learning process. It a place where children learn by interacting with their environment.

• Gender bias is an unfair idea about the personal attributes and traits of males and females. It is a tendency of differentiating people as men and women on the basis of their gender. 

Given:
There are 18 yellow, 17 black, and 16 white balls.
Calculation:
Let E be the event such that the ball drawn is neither yellow nor white i.e., the event that the ball drawn is black.
We have n(E) as the favorable outcomes and n(S) as the total possible combinations.
n(E) = 17
And n(S) = 18 + 17 + 16 = 51
Probability = 17/51 = 1/3
Note: According to the previous year's paper, there was no correct option, hence its option has been changed.