Test: The Age Of Industrialisation - 3 - UPSC MCQ

The merchant guilds were usually associations of traders who were travelling away from their homes and therefore in need of lodging and representation in the places where they traded. In such locations, they came to own collectively inns and trading outlets which were regarded as theirs as a group which had an identity separate from that of their individual personalities. 

The first Industrial Revolution. In the period 1760 to 1830 the Industrial Revolution was largely confined toBritain. Aware of their head start, the British forbade the export of machinery, skilled workers, and manufacturing techniques.

Here are three reasons behind the decay of the Surat port by the end of 18th century:

1) The British merchants had huge resources when compared to the Indian merchants. So it was difficult for them to compete with Britishers. Hence the Indian production reduced.

2) Some of the European companies had monopoly rights by which only they only had authority to produce the products and set prices according to their choice.

3) Some of the European companies gained concession through which they were able to sell their products at lower prices set by Indian merchants.

Paid servant of east India company were "Gomastha" . They were appointed by the company to contact with local dealers and weavers and contact them in such away that the dealer force to deal with the company and sell their products to the company. For this work Gomastha were paid.
In addition Mamladar was also the servant of company and collect all the revenue but they used to have very limited power.

The spinning jenny is a multi-spindle spinning frame, and was one of the key developments in the industrialization of weaving during the early Industrial Revolution. It was invented in 1764 by James Hargreaves in Stanhill, Oswaldtwistle, Lancashire in England.

The first Indian cotton mill, "The Bombay Spinning Mill", was opened in 1854 in Bombay by Cowasji Nanabhai Davar. Opposition from the Lancashire mill owners was eventually offset by the support of the British manufacturers of textile machinery.

The first Indian cotton mill, "The Bombay Spinning Mill", was opened in 1854 in Bombay by Cowasji Nanabhai Davar. Opposition from the Lancashire mill owners was eventually offset by the support of the British manufacturers of textile machinery.

The flying shuttle was one of the key developments in the industrialization of weaving. It allowed a single weaver to weave much wider fabrics, and it could bemechanized, allowing for automatic machine looms. It was patented by John Kay (1704–c. 1779) in 1733.

C is the correct option.James Watt (1736 - 1819)

The first working steam engine had been patented in 1698 and by the time of Watt's birth, Newcomen engines were pumping water from mines all over the country. In around 1764, Watt was given a model Newcomen engine to repair.

Edward Taylor Paull was a minor American composer, arranger, and sheet music publisher. 

Dwarkanath Tagore, one of the first Indian industrialists and entrepreneurs, was the founder of the Jorasanko branch of the Tagore family, and is notable for making substantial contributions to the Bengal Renaissance. 

The Orient is a term that traditionally referred to the Middle-East, South Asia, and East Asia, or more specifically most regions east of Europe but west of Australia. Today the term generally only refers to that part of the world where both Dharmic religions are dominant and most natives of the region have an epicanthic fold. This would include India, Burma, Cambodia, China, Japan, parts of Indonesia, Korea, Manchuria, Mongolia, the Philippines, Thailand, Taiwan, Tibet and Vietnam.

A vibrant sea trade operated through the main pre-colonial ports, Surat and Hoogly.
By 1750s the exports from these ports declined as European countries gradually gained power - first securing a variety of concessions from local courts , then the monopoly rights to trade.

In Japan industrialization started after the fall of tokugawa government in 1868. In China industrialization started in 1958, whereas, in India mills were being setup since 1818

Manchester's unplanned urbanisation was brought on by a boom in textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution, and resulted in it becoming the world's first industrialised city. Manchester achieved city status in 1853.

Surat connected India to Gulf countries and Red Sea port.

Import of steel ingots from Britain gradually led to decline or the Indian iron smelting industry in the nineteenth century. The new forest laws were also responsible for this because finding wood and charcoal was becoming more difficult. New forest laws also restricted the smelters’ access to iron ore mines.

Dwarkanath Tagore invested his money to set up six joint stock companies in 1830 -1840, but they did not florish.

Dwarkanath Tagore, one of the first Indian industrialists and entrepreneurs. He was the founder of the Jorasanko branch of the Tagore family. He also contributed to the Bengal Renaissance.

The First Jute mill was started in Calcutta in 1917 by a Marwari businessman Seth Hukumchand.

Elgin Mills Company Ltd. manufactures textiles. The company was founded in 1864 and is based in Kanpur, India. Elgin Mills Company Ltd. operates as a subsidiary of British India Corp. Ltd.

Alexander Graham Bell is most famous for his invention of the telephone. He first became interested in the science of soundbecause both his mother and wife were deaf. His experiments in sound eventually let him to want to send voice signals down a telegraph wire. He was able to get some funding and hire his famous assistant Thomas Watson and together they were able to come up with the telephone. The first words spoken over the telephone were by Alex on March 10, 1876.

The Acland Mill was the first jute mill established in India. The first jute mill was established at Rishra, on the River Hooghly near Calcutta in 1855 when Mr. George Acland brought jute spinning machinery from Dundee. Four years later, the first power driven weaving factory was set up. By 1869, five mills were operating with 950 looms.

25 August 1907, Jamshedpur
Tata Steel Limited formerly Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited is an Indian multinational steel-making company headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, and a subsidiary of the Tata Group. 

The machine age in India began when cotton textile. jute and coal mining industries were started in the 1850s. The first textile Mill was started in Bombay by Cowasjce Nanabhoy in 1853, and the first jute Mill in Rishra (Bengal) in 1855. These industries expanded slowly but continuously. In 1879 there were 56 cotton textilemills in India employing nearly 43,000 persons.